Articles tagged with Sugars
Researchers found that caterpillars of fall armyworm and two other Spodoptera species deploy a gut enzyme to attach a sugar to the toxic free DIMBOA, rendering it non-reactive to plant enzyme. This detoxification strategy explains the success of these pest insects in overcoming maize defenses.
Research from University College London suggests reducing sugar consumption to 3% of total energy intake can significantly reduce tooth decay. Experts recommend policy changes to address the issue, including taxing sugar-rich foods and drinks.
Researchers at Stanford University have unlocked the structure of SWEETs, proteins that enable sugar molecules to cross cell membranes. The discovery, made possible by X-ray analysis, could lead to breakthroughs in diabetes treatment and crop improvement.
Researchers have elucidated the atomic structures of sugar transporters, revealing an 'airlock-like' mechanism that moves sugars in multiple stages. This discovery is crucial for understanding diseases like diabetes and improving crop yields.
Scientists and policymakers debate ways to curb sugar consumption amid growing health concerns. Despite reduced sugar intake over the past 15 years, Americans still consume excessive amounts, leading to high blood pressure, heart disease, and other conditions.
Researchers have discovered that glycoconjugate scaffolds are active players in biological reactions, influencing the binding of lectins to these molecules. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing more effective and targeted pharmaceuticals.
A new online tool will help doctors predict which patients are most likely to develop diabetes based on age, sex, and blood sugar levels. The calculator will enable doctors to identify high-risk patients for testing and offer lifestyle advice.
Researchers have discovered a key enzyme involved in O-glycosylation of LDLR, a receptor protein responsible for absorbing bad cholesterol. The study provides new insights into the functional impact of glycosylation on cholesterol levels.
A new study by the American Cancer Society found that eating at both fast-food and full-service restaurants is associated with significant increases in calorie intake, sugar, saturated fat, and sodium. Adults who ate at restaurants consumed approximately 200 additional calories per day, regardless of whether they dined at fast-food or ...
A team of scientists at the University of California, San Diego, has developed synthetic glycopolymers that mimic natural sugars on cell surfaces. These molecules successfully guided embryonic stem cells into neural rosettes, precursors to mature neural cells.
A high-salt diet doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes, according to a new study published by The Endocrine Society. Researchers found that poor blood sugar control exacerbates this effect.
Researchers found genetically identical bacteria respond differently to sugars, exhibiting a wide range of behaviors. The study highlights the complexity of bacterial behaviors and their response to environmental conditions.
Research reveals unhealthy food and drinks are common in kids' TV programs, with frequent positive portrayals and few negative outcomes, highlighting the need for balanced content.
A pilot study found that participants with PAD increased their ability to walk unassisted after consuming dark chocolate rich in polyphenols. The improvements were modest but suggested a potential therapeutic strategy for countering cardiovascular complications.
A new study by Brazilian researchers demonstrates that converting degraded pastureland to sugar cane biofuel crops can provide a nearly immediate carbon payback. The Cerrado region in Brazil has seen over half of its land cleared for agriculture, but using this land for sugar cane production could help slow climate change.
A majority of US consumers want to reduce their sugar and salt intake, with many prioritizing flavor and local sourcing. Food manufacturers are responding by lowering salt and sugar levels in products, reflecting changing consumer attitudes towards health and nutrition.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed a method to produce erythritol, a natural sweetener, from ordinary straw using genetically modified mould fungi. The process eliminates the need for expensive enzymes and molasses, making it more sustainable.
A new study by Gelesis found that its hydrogel capsule, Gelesis100, led to significant weight loss in overweight and obese individuals, particularly those with impaired fasting blood glucose levels. The three-month trial showed an average weight loss of 6.1%, 4.5%, and 4.1% for the active, high-dose, and placebo groups respectively.
A study suggests that raising low vitamin D levels through supplementation can lower the risk of prediabetes progressing to diabetes. The study found that vitamin D supplementation was associated with a 8% decreased risk of progression to diabetes and improved reversal of normal blood sugar levels.
Researchers at Jena University developed a molecular computer based on sugar molecules, enabling the processing of complex information through chemical reactions. The 'sugar computer' uses fluorescent dye and quencher to process signals, with a demonstrated ability to solve simple calculations within 40 minutes.
A Scripps Whittier study shows that text messages can help improve glycemic control in Latino patients with type 2 diabetes. The intervention used text messages to provide healthy nutrition tips, physical activity reminders, and medication adherence encouragement.
A recent study has identified a molecular pathway that could lead to a safer and more effective strep vaccine. The research discovered the genes responsible for producing a molecule that defines Group A Streptococcus, which causes over 700 million infections worldwide each year.
A recent survey found that 60% of adults support health warnings similar to those on cigarette packets, while 70% favor banning sugary drinks in schools or limiting sugar content.
A review and meta-analysis found that consuming higher amounts of added sugars increases blood pressure and lipids, contributing to cardiovascular risk. The study's findings support reduced sugar consumption as a measure to combat global cardiovascular disease burden.
A new technology developed by VIB/UGent scientists has simplified the production of biotech medicines by truncating complex sugar structures, retaining therapeutic efficiency. This innovation has the potential to make biotech medicine production cheaper and more efficient.
Griffith University's Institute for Glycomics has partnered with Sugar Research Australia to develop technologies for the Australian sugar industry, focusing on improving raw sugar quality. The collaboration aims to apply glycoscience expertise in disease prevention and cure to help manage aspects of raw sugar quality.
A Northwestern University study reveals a 20% decrease in ozone levels when fuel prices drive residents to switch from ethanol to gasoline in flexible-fuel vehicles. The study uses big data and consumer surveys to analyze the impact of human behavior on air quality in São Paulo.
Eliminating chocolate milk from elementary schools resulted in a 10% decrease in total milk sales, as students substituted with white milk, leading to a 29% increase in waste. The ban also had nutritional consequences, including lower sugar and calorie intake but decreased protein and calcium consumption.
A new study published in PNAS found that plant sugars move rapidly down the stem to trigger bud growth, supporting the idea that sugar is the key signaling molecule. The research has implications for agriculture and bioenergy crop production.
The app uses data from peer-reviewed research studies to show people if there is scientific evidence linking acne to foods like chocolate, fat, sugar and whey protein. Research displayed in the app shows that dairy, whey protein, omega-6 fatty acids and foods high in sugar are associated with acne.
A study of over 65,000 adults found that consuming at least seven daily portions of fruit and vegetables was associated with a lower risk of death. The analysis revealed that eating more than five daily portions may be needed to reap the full benefits, and that processed fruits may even increase the risk of death.
Scientists at Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft are producing isobutene from sugar using a microbial conversion process. The pilot plant, set to start in 2014, will have the potential to produce up to 100 tons of isobutene per year.
A study by the Monell Chemical Senses Center found that children who prefer sweet tastes also prefer salty tastes, and that these preferences relate to measures of growth and development. The research highlights the importance of understanding the biology behind children's food preferences to promote healthy eating habits.
Researchers have identified a new genetic syndrome characterized by severe allergy, immune deficiency, autoimmunity, and motor neurocognitive impairment. The syndrome is caused by mutations in the PGM3 gene, leading to underactive protein production and glycosylation defects.
A US study found that many adults consume more added sugar than recommended for a healthy diet, and this can increase the risk of death from cardiovascular disease. The study also suggests that regular consumption of sugary drinks is associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a process to create concentrated sugar streams using gamma valerolactone, which can be converted into cellulosic ethanol and drop-in biofuels. The process converts 85-95% of starting material to sugars suitable for yeast fermentation.
Researchers at NREL have discovered a new cellulose digestion mechanism using the fast-eating enzyme CelA, which outperforms commercial preparations by producing more sugars and creating cavities in cellulose for greater synergy. The discovery has important implications for industry and could lead to lower costs for biofuels production.
Researchers found that certain brain regions exhibit enhanced gene activity levels, similar to those in young brains, allowing for the establishment of new connections. This ability may support lifelong learning and memory formation.
Resident concerns rise as sugar cane fires get too close to homes despite controlled burns being conducted. The absence of a regulating agency is a major issue, leaving farmers and homeowners at risk.
An international team of researchers has successfully sequenced the sugar beet genome, revealing a vast array of genes and genetic variations. The study sheds light on the plant's sweet properties and how its genome has been shaped by artificial selection.
Campylobacter infection affects millions more than Salmonella, with antibiotic resistance a growing concern. Researchers seek to understand biofilm formation and regulate CsrA's role in making the sugar coating that enables bacterial survival.
Researchers found that patients with congenital arrhythmia produce twice the amount of insulin after consuming sugar, leading to drastically low blood sugar levels. The discovery could have significant implications for treatment of diabetes and management of hypoglycaemia.
A recent study highlights the association between poor oral health and increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly among those consuming high amounts of sugar in junk foods. Experts recommend reducing fizzy drink intake and improving oral hygiene to prevent heart problems later in life.
Researchers found that zinc sprays at critical stages on apple trees increased zinc concentration, average fruit weight, and improved fruit firmness. Sugar alcohol zinc applications were more pronounced in improving fruit quality.
Research review highlights cranberry's unique bioactive compounds that may reduce UTI incidence, improve cardiovascular health and temper inflammation. Cranberries also show promise in supporting endothelial function and reducing arterial stiffness.
Researchers at PNNL have developed a new test to assess the effectiveness of enzyme mixtures, which could reduce the time and cost of producing biofuels. The test uses activity-based protein profiling to track the activity of dozens of enzymes simultaneously.
A 20% sugary drink tax in the UK could reduce the number of obese adults by 180,000 and overweight individuals by 285,000. The tax would primarily impact young people under 30 years old, who are major consumers of sugar-sweetened drinks.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have made significant discoveries about muscular dystrophy, a collective term for neuromuscular disorders affecting 3,000 people in Denmark. The study found that proteins with attached sugar molecules, specifically mannose, play a key role in the disease's progression.
A study found that different strains of gut bacteria use mucins in the human gut at varying rates. The ability to break down mucins is linked to specific gene clusters, and these differences can affect which bacteria thrive in the gut. This research may provide new insights into maintaining a healthy gut microbiome.
Plants have a 24-hour circadian rhythm that allows them to measure time and adjust their biology accordingly. Researchers found that sugar production plays a key role in regulating this internal clock.
A team of scientists discovered that a single amino acid change in the human BK polyomavirus enables it to bind to a different sugar on host cell surfaces. This mutation allows the virus to potentially adapt to new species by changing its binding target preference.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have engineered yeast to consume acetic acid, a previously unwanted byproduct of biofuel production, resulting in a 10% increase in ethanol yield from lignocellulosic sources. This breakthrough could simplify cellulosic ethanol production and make it more efficient.
A Michigan State University study found that advergames on food marketer websites often promote high-fat, high-sugar, and high-sodium products. These games can be engaging and fun for children, but they also contribute to unhealthy diets and a less-than-active lifestyle.
A study of 1038 patients with type 1 diabetes reveals that social deprivation and poor blood sugar control are independent risk factors for mortality. Those with higher HbA1c levels and lower socioeconomic status were more likely to die from complications related to the disease.
A large European study suggests men with type 1 diabetes have better blood sugar control than women, especially in older age groups. Women tend to have higher HbA1c levels due to lower hemoglobin levels, which could explain the difference.
A new study found that artificial sweeteners are less effective at reducing calorie intake because they don't provide the same energy reward as sugars. The brain prefers sugars over artificial sweeteners due to the release of dopamine, a chemical necessary for reward signalling.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute found that adding sugar cane ash to cement makes it stronger, more durable and crumbles less. The ash helps bind water in the cement, saving energy and reducing pollution from cement production.
Scientists at the University of Copenhagen have identified a specific sugar molecule that aids in the growth of cancer cells. The discovery, published in PNAS, could lead to new ways to diagnose and treat cancer.
Research published in Psychological Science found that fans of losing teams consume more saturated fats and sugars after a defeat, while supporters of winning teams opt for healthier options. Writing down personal values can counteract this effect and improve eating habits.
A fungal-bacterial consortium converts tough plant materials into isobutanol, producing 1.88 grams per liter of fluid, with 62% energy conversion rate. The system reduces capital investment and operating cost, making biofuel production economically viable.