Articles tagged with Sugars
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Scientists have largely met technical challenges of developing biofuels, offering energy security and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. However, logistics issues with biomass availability, transport, and storage hinder commercial viability.
A study by RUB researchers found that sugar residues in the extracellular matrix control the growth and survival of motoneurons, a type of nerve cell. The study, published in Journal of Neuroscience Research, reveals that certain sugar residues can promote or inhibit neurite growth and cell death.
Scientists have discovered an important insight into carbohydrate bonding, which could lead to improved medicines. The study reveals the shapes of carbohydrates when they are free from external influence and interacting with neighboring molecules.
Researchers aim to utilize residual field crop material for industrial bio-ethanol production by breaking down cellulose into sugar. They are testing a bacterium's toolbox of enzymes to find ideal combinations for efficient degradation.
Many mega-sized coffee and energy drinks are loaded with sugar and calories, posing health risks to consumers. According to Ellen Schuster, a University of Missouri nutrition expert, these large drinks can lead to excessive calorie and sugar consumption, increasing the risk of weight gain and related health problems.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered a blood-clotting agent that can diagnose and monitor treatment for childhood genetic diseases. The biomarker, heparan cofactor II/thrombin (HCII/T) complex, accurately distinguishes between untreated patients with various MPS conditions.
A study of preschoolers found that they prefer foods high in salt, sugar, and fat, even from specific brands. Children as young as 3-5 years old can equate their taste preferences to brand-name fast-food and soda products.
Scientists at Umeå Plant Science Center and Syngenta have discovered a previously unknown gene in sugar beets that inhibits blooming. This discovery enables the control of flowering time in biennial sugar beets, allowing for increased yields and extended harvesting periods.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have adapted gene chip microarray technology to the study of glycans, using an approach called 'shotgun glycomics.' This technique allows for the separation and analysis of thousands of glycans, enabling researchers to test what sticks to them. The method has been used to identify a mo...
A naturally occurring chemical found in soy could prove to be an effective new treatment for a fatal genetic disease that affects children. In mouse studies, genistein showed a significant delay in mental decline and corrected abnormal behavior.
Researchers at the University of Leicester identified a new way the body controls blood sugar levels after meals, involving the M3-muscarinic receptor protein. The study suggests this mechanism may be disrupted in diabetes, offering potential implications for treatment.
A sugar found in mouse breast milk promotes colitis in offspring, according to a study published online. Newborn mice fostered by mothers lacking one particular milk sugar were less susceptible to inflammation-induced colitis later in life.
A new study found that Latino patients with limited English skills have poor blood sugar control if seen by non-Spanish speaking doctors, even with available interpreter services. Direct communication with a Spanish-speaking doctor can improve health outcomes.
A recent study by UTHealth researchers found that flavored and sports beverages are associated with lower levels of healthy behaviors, such as physical activity and eating fruits and vegetables. The study suggests that sugary drinks have minimal nutritional value and can undo the effects of exercise.
New research reveals that early plants overcame an evolutionary hurdle by utilizing sugars from the environment, contrary to previous assumptions. This discovery has significant implications for global carbon cycling models, suggesting a more complex role for mixotrophy in plant growth and development.
Researchers at Iowa State University have discovered a special set of sugars that helps certain pathogens evade the body's natural defenses and vaccines. The finding may lead to new research for developing vaccines or cures for diseases like tuberculosis.
A study of 24,875 dialysis patients found that sustained extremes in blood sugar levels increased the risk of dying prematurely. Individualized hemoglobin A1c targets may be more appropriate than a one-size-fits-all approach for diabetic patients with kidney failure.
Researchers discovered a non-human sialic acid sugar in biotech drugs that can provoke a strong immune response in some individuals, worsening chronic inflammation. A simple modification to the drug-making process could solve this problem by adding human sialic acid.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute have engineered photosynthetic bacteria to produce simple sugars and lactic acid, offering a sustainable alternative for producing commodity chemicals. This innovation could lead to reduced carbon dioxide emissions and greater availability of biodegradable plastics.
A recent study by University of Calgary professor Charlene Elliott found that 53% of baby and toddler foods have excessive sugar content, with over half meeting the criteria for poor nutritional quality. The study also revealed a 'halo effect' in adult perceptions of these products, highlighting the need to carefully examine ingredient...
A new study found that low vitamin D levels are associated with poor blood sugar control in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The research, presented at The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, suggests that vitamin D supplementation may improve health outcomes for this prevalent condition.
A new yeast strain, TMB3130, has been developed to ferment pentose sugars, significantly improving aerobic growth rate and biomass concentration. This breakthrough enables the efficient production of ethanol from non-food materials, such as agricultural residues.
A new microbial genetic system has been developed to dissect biomass to biofuel conversion, allowing for the efficient extraction of sugar molecules from biomass polymers. This breakthrough enables researchers to study the functional significance of specific enzymes and understand how microorganisms carry out the complex process of pla...
A study published in the American Heart Association Rapid Access Journal Report found that reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption by one serving per day is associated with a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure over 18 months. The researchers suggest that this reduction can lead to substantial health ben...
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have identified a key gene for improving the conversion process of cellulosic biomass into ethanol. The modified microorganism shows enhanced efficiency and potential use for more cost-effective biofuel production, overcoming current pretreatment challenges.
A study published in JAMA analyzed US government data and found that consuming more added sugar increases cardiovascular disease risk factors. The study suggests reducing daily added sugar intake could be beneficial for long-term health.
A study of US adults found a significant association between high dietary added sugar intake and unfavorable lipid profiles, including lower HDL-C levels and higher triglyceride levels. The findings suggest that reducing added sugar consumption could help mitigate cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers discover chitosan can repair damaged spinal cord nerve cell membranes, reducing leakage and oxidative stress. The compound restores electrical signal transmission to the brain, offering hope for spinal injury patients.
Cryptococcus fungi have an expanded set of genes encoding sugar transporter molecules, allowing them to efficiently move sugar inside cells and thrive. The fungi's love for sugar may be a potential weakness, as scientists can target them by developing low-carbohydrate strategies to block infections.
Researchers at UEA have discovered a new group of molecules that can inhibit glycosyltransferases, enzymes used by cells to create sugar chains. This breakthrough could lead to significant advances in cancer treatment and therapy.
Scientists have developed a revolutionary technology to produce isoprene, a key tire ingredient, from renewable biomass sources such as sugar cane and switchgrass. This innovation aims to reduce the tire industry's reliance on crude oil and create a more sustainable future.
University of Rhode Island researcher Navindra Seeram has discovered over 20 compounds in pure maple syrup with potential health benefits, including anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. The research found that these compounds are also present in the Acer family for the first time.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have created a semi-tropical frog-inspired foam that converts solar energy into sugars. The foam, which uses plant, bacterial, and fungal enzymes, can produce fuels like ethanol without diverting energy to other functions.
Researchers at TU Delft have discovered a way to break down harmful by-products in wood waste, enabling the production of biochemicals and biofuels without costly methods. This breakthrough paves the way for using wood waste as a sustainable raw material.
Daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is linked to an increased risk of diabetes, with estimates suggesting 130,000 new cases of diabetes attributed to the increased consumption between 1990 and 2000. The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugars to half of discretionary calorie allowance.
Researchers at NJIT have developed a safe and sustainable alternative to BPA in consumer products. The new epoxy resin is derived from corn starch and offers a renewable resource with estrogenic properties similar to BPA.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that sugar-based protein modification called O-GlcNAcylation regulates cell division. Disrupting this process can lead to polyploidy, a condition exhibited by many cancer cells. The findings have implications for new treatments for diseases like cancer.
Researchers at the Agricultural Research Service's malting barley laboratory are studying the enzymes produced by barley grains as they germinate. They have found that the balance of these enzymes can impact the malt's flavor and other qualities, leading to improved malting barleys for the future.
Researchers found that bees can learn to recognize the arrangement of human facial features on a face, but not individual humans. The insects use this strategy to distinguish between face-like and non-face patterns.
A study found that individuals with higher blood glucose levels tend to be more future-oriented, while those with lower glucose levels focus on the present. Fluctuations in blood sugar may affect our decisions for immediate versus delayed rewards.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have found a way to increase glucomannan levels in plant stems without detrimental effects on plant development or cell wall strength. This discovery could lead to higher yields of fuel from crops, contributing to sustainable and economic biofuels.
A University of Iowa study reveals a critical link in the sugar chain of an important muscle protein, providing insights into congenital muscular dystrophies and cancer progression. The discovery may lead to new therapies for treating these conditions.
Developed by Arizona State University researchers, SPARKy is a smart, active, and energy-storing below-the-knee prosthetic that enables users to walk on various surfaces and navigate stairs. The device uses regenerative kinetics to store energy as the wearer walks, allowing for enhanced ankle motion and reduced fatigue.
Researchers introduced a single bacterial gene into yeast to improve bioethanol production from agricultural waste, increasing ethanol yields while eliminating major byproducts glycerol and acetate. The innovation addresses second-generation bioethanol challenges, enabling more efficient and sustainable production.
Researchers developed sugar-coated polymer strands that selectively kill off cells involved in triggering aggressive allergy and asthma attacks. The treatment targets specific immune cells, showing promise as a new weapon against life-endangering conditions.
Researchers found that mental budgets alone were insufficient for controlling overconsumption; active goals and numerical recommendations are crucial. Mental budgets succeed when consumers follow specific limit guidelines, such as weight loss programs like Weight Watchers.
Extended therapy for blood clot prevention yields greater benefits in hip/knee surgery, reducing venous thromboembolism events by three times. High incidence of VTE found in lung transplant recipients, with pulmonary fibrosis as a significant risk factor.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a new technique that allows for precise analysis of protein sugar structures. This breakthrough may lead to a better understanding of disease mechanisms and potential new treatments, particularly for conditions such as Alzheimer's.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have sequenced the genome of a biofuels yeast that thrives on turning sugar cane into ethanol. The findings could lead to more efficient biofuel production and aid research into converting cellulose from non-food crops like switchgrass into biofuel.
New research shows that daily fluctuations in glucocorticoids directly synchronize the biological clock and regulate blood sugar levels. This finding may help doctors reduce debilitating side effects of glucocorticoid drugs and aid diabetics in controlling their blood sugar levels.
Researchers are harnessing genomics to improve wine production techniques, reducing costs and spoilage by monitoring protein biomarkers in grapevine and yeast cells. The project aims to develop a handheld device for growers to monitor proteins in vines or berries, allowing for more precise management practices.
Researchers discovered that chiral molecules organize into separate left- and right-handed superstructures when present in equal numbers. However, a small imbalance leads to one minority forming the majority's superstructure.
A new study found that low-income and education levels are associated with high added sugar intake in the US. Race/ethnicity also plays a role, with Asian-Americans having the lowest intake and Black women having the highest.
A new study from Tel Aviv University shows that high glycemic index foods, such as cornflakes and white bread, can cause sudden expansion of artery walls, leading to reduced elasticity and increased heart disease risk. The research provides a new mechanism for understanding how these foods affect the progression of heart disease.
Researchers at UW-Madison identified a unique process for building structural carbohydrates in tuberculosis bacteria, offering insight into controlling carbohydrate polymers' length. This discovery may lead to developing new therapeutics against TB and has broader applications in designing vaccines and producing fuels.
Researchers at UBC developed a new method to study gambling addictions by creating an animal laboratory experiment. The study found that rodents' ability to play the odds was impaired with drugs that reduce serotonin levels and improved with those that reduce dopamine levels, providing insights into human gambling behaviors.
Research reveals that people tend to view products grouped close together as 'contagious' and prone to quality spreading, known as the 'group-contagion effect.' This phenomenon influences decisions in both gain and loss domains.
Noroviruses cause the greatest incidence of vomiting and diarrhoea globally, resulting in approximately 200,000 child deaths annually. A new study suggests that targeting sugar chains with sialic acid could prevent virus attachment to cells.
Researchers found that adding a sugar tag to nuclear proteins is vital for normal development in fruit flies, revealing a critical link between Ogt and Polycomb protein function.
Researchers are exploring alternative biomasses for microorganisms to ferment into ethanol and other fuels. The goal is to unlock the sugars trapped in cellulosic biomass, making it possible to produce sustainable biofuels.