Articles tagged with Sugars
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed EXoO, a new molecular tool that decodes where specific sugars are attached to proteins. The study successfully identified new markers for cancers and other diseases by mapping O-glycan sites on human blood, tumors, and immune cells.
A study led by Australian National University found swift parrots experience love triangles, sneaky sex, and increased fighting among males as the ratio of females to males increases. The introduction of sugar gliders has led to a chronic shortage of females, resulting in fewer babies being born.
Researchers studying gribble, a small marine crustacean, have discovered that their digestive system holds the key to converting wood into low-carbon fuel. Hemocyanins, proteins found in the crustaceans' blood, enable the breakdown of lignin, allowing for more efficient sugar release from wood.
A study by OHSU researchers found that patients with diabetes or prediabetes in states with Medicaid expansion programs had better access to healthcare services, including preventive screenings and medication. This increase was particularly notable for patients with lower socioeconomic status.
A New Zealand study suggests that sugary drinks contribute to an obesogenic environment, leading people to make unhealthy food choices. The researchers recommend implementing a sugar tax to encourage industry reformulation and individual responsibility for healthy consumption.
The Tsimane's high-carbohydrate and protein-rich diet with low fat intake is associated with low cardiovascular disease risk. Despite the lack of dietary diversity, their daily food intake provides a balanced nutrient profile, highlighting the importance of adopting similar eating habits to mitigate the effects of Western diets.
Researchers found that neonatal birthweights increase in direct proportion with the number of births in at least 30 percent of cases. Large for gestational age (LGA) weight infants are at risk for complications and recurrence, according to a new study published in Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Researchers found a link between colectomy and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study, analyzing data from over 46,000 patients, suggests the colon plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels.
Researchers analyzed 23 popular hard ciders and found that 60% of domestic brands contained added sugars from cane or corn syrup. The study's findings suggest that labels are not a reliable way to determine whether a cider has added sugar, due to discrepancies between expected and observed isotopic ratios.
A University of Guelph study found that global agriculture is overproducing grains, fats, and sugars while insufficiently producing fruits and vegetables. Adopting a more nutritious diet would require significant changes to the food system, including reducing meat consumption and increasing plant-based protein production.
A new study examines the potential effects of Brexit on the UK's Sugar Tax and coronary heart disease mortality. The research suggests that the SSB levy would increase prices by approximately 38%, leading to a 26% decrease in SSB intake, and prevent around 370 CHD deaths.
A new study found that 74% of kids still receive unhealthy drinks and/or side items with their kids' meals from top four restaurant chains. Healthier options like fruit, yogurt, and low-fat milk are available but often not promoted or made easily accessible.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed a new vaccine for hay fever that targets specific sugar molecules to improve vaccination efficacy. The vaccine has been tested on mice and in vitro tests, showing potential for increased effectiveness and reduced treatment time.
Researchers have identified the biochemical basis of unintended consequences in dry-hopping beer production, including high alcohol content and pressure issues. By understanding the effects of hops on fermentation, brewers can better control beer quality and safety.
Most supermarket yogurts contain high levels of added sugars, exceeding EU guidelines for low-sugar products. Organic yogurts are particularly concerning due to the perceived health halo effect, leading consumers to underestimate their sugar content.
A University of Basel study reveals that native forest trees can adapt to extreme drought by closing their pores, preventing damage and reducing water loss. Despite this, researchers caution that prolonged dry spells could weaken trees and make them more susceptible to insect infestations.
Researchers have discovered a new family of enzymes in the human gut microbiome that can remove red blood cell antigens, enabling the conversion of type A and B blood into universal O-type blood. These enzymes are 30 times more effective than previously studied candidates, paving the way for potential clinical trials.
A simpler and quicker method for detecting the impurity in heparin has been developed by Jason Dwyer, associate professor of chemistry at the University of Rhode Island. The technique uses a sensing method proven in DNA sequencing and can fingerprint heparin to detect contaminants.
Researchers have created a comprehensive library of sugar structures using genetically engineered cells and CRISPR/Cas9 gene scissors. This tool allows for the examination of specific sulfation patterns and GAG modifications, holding promise for drug development and disease research.
Research published in The Journal of Physiology suggests that exercise can help people exposed to extreme temperatures protect themselves from muscle fatigue. Exercise builds-up muscle in the limbs, allowing it to shiver longer and maintain core temperature for longer.
Researchers have identified two changes to a single gene that can make yeast tolerate pretreatment chemicals used in biofuel production. The modified yeast can survive and ferment alongside amounts of toxic ionic liquids, increasing efficiency by up to 70%. This breakthrough could revolutionize the biofuel industry.
Research suggests ketogenic diets may cause an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes in the early stage of the diet, particularly through insulin resistance. The study found that fatty acids from a ketogenic diet can have signaling roles in the brain.
A systematic review of 33 studies found that more processed starches increase the risk of cavities due to their breakdown into sugars in the mouth. Whole grain carbohydrates, on the other hand, may offer protection against gum disease and a lower risk of oral cancer.
A study discovered that plants regulate their internal 'circadian clock' using sugars from photosynthesis to stay in tune with day and night cycles. This process enables plants to match their activities to the time of day, crucial for growth, flower opening, and energy reserve management.
Scientists found a link between the brain's response to taste stimuli and high anxiety in patients with anorexia nervosa. The study suggests that this response may drive the illness and proposes potential treatments based on manipulating biomarkers.
A recent study published in Journal of Dental Research found a strong correlation between the amount and frequency of sugars intake among children. Reducing consumption frequency leads to decreased amount consumed, highlighting the importance of balanced diet habits for oral health.
Researchers discovered that free-living insects can copy and inject plant hormones into leaves to increase nutrient content. This strategy is similar to endophytic insect species and could aid in developing effective pest management strategies.
Researchers developed a systematic approach to spot stevia blends with outstanding taste performance, revealing glycoside mixes that deliver superior taste and significant sugar reduction. The study used extensive sensory studies and mathematical modeling techniques to identify synergistic blends that outperform pure glycosides.
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism found that a high-fat diet was the sole driver of weight gain in mice, with no significant impact from carbohydrates or protein. The researchers believe that fat uniquely stimulates the brain's reward centers, leading to increased calorie intake.
A new study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that healthy diets with high consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain cereals are characterised by better asthma outcomes. Men who ate healthier diets had a 30% lower chance of experiencing asthma symptoms.
New evidence suggests that reducing antibiotic course length can reduce the risk of resistance. Microbial communities can reach a tipping point when exposed to antibiotics, leading to an irreversible shift towards drug resistance. Stopping treatment too soon may not prevent resistance from occurring.
African trypanosomes confuse immune defense with sugar chains on surface proteins, increasing pathogenic properties. Scientists discover binding sites for sugars in multiple VSGs, hindering antibody binding and immune response.
A new study reveals that Chile's sugar tax led to a significant decrease in the purchase volume of sugary soft drinks, particularly among high socioeconomic groups. However, the reduction was statistically insignificant for low-income groups, suggesting that further evaluations are needed to address socioeconomic inequalities.
FoodSwitch, a new mobile app, uses crowdsourced data to rate the nutritional value of packaged foods and suggest better alternatives. Users can scan barcodes, compare products, and contribute to the database, helping track the global food supply's healthiness.
Researchers have discovered a potential diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer in patients with early onset diabetes by analyzing blood sugar levels over time. The ENDPAC score model identifies patients at high risk of developing pancreatic cancer, providing a new way to diagnose the disease at an earlier stage.
New archaeological findings at Lund University confirm that Swedes produced malt for beer brewing during the Iron Age. The discovery was made in Uppåkra, southern Sweden, and dates back to the 400-600s.
A study published by the American Psychological Association suggests that hunger can lead to emotional states like anger, but only when certain context and self-awareness factors are present. Participants who were more aware of their hunger feelings were less likely to become hangry.
A new study reveals that American toddlers aged 19-23 months consume an average of over 7 teaspoons of added sugar per day, with 60% consuming it before their first birthday. This excessive sugar intake is linked to various health risks and may influence food preferences later in life.
A decade-long study has shown that sulphonylurea tablets are a safe and effective treatment option for babies with neonatal diabetes, providing excellent blood sugar control over the long-term. The treatment has been hailed as a 'miracle cure' by patients and their families, offering improved quality of life.
Participants were 36% less likely to purchase sugary drinks with graphic warnings, while those with Health Star Ratings were 20% less likely. Healthier options were also chosen more frequently when Health Star Ratings were displayed.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a 3D printer that creates delicate networks of hardened isomalt sugar structures, which can be used to grow cells and tissue, or create microfluidic devices. The structures' ability to precisely control mechanical properties makes them ideal for biomedical applications.
Cancer cells express specific sugar receptors that can be targeted for better drug delivery. Researchers are developing nanocarrier formulations to accumulate in tumor sites and minimize side effects.
Researchers at Newcastle University discovered that bees' taste neurons fire intense signals for up to 10 seconds when they encounter a sweet substance. This prolonged activation allows the bee to remain feeding at the same sugar source, making it more efficient for the colony.
A new study found that taxing sweet snacks like chocolate and confectionary could lead to a similar reduction in consumer demand as taxing sugar-sweetened drinks. The research also showed that this approach may have wider effects on purchasing patterns, potentially bringing additional benefits to public health.
A Drexel University study found that Philadelphians were 40% less likely to drink sugary soda and 60% less likely to drink energy drinks daily after the city's soda tax was implemented. In contrast, bottled water consumption increased by 58%.
Research found that a genetic variation in FGF21 is associated with lower body fat percentage and increased blood pressure. The study of over 450,000 individuals suggests that people with this genetic predisposition tend to consume more sugar than others.
Researchers have developed a process for creating ultrathin, self-assembling sheets of synthetic materials that can function like designer flypaper in selectively binding with viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. The sugar-coated nanosheets are made from bio-inspired polymers known as peptoids and can effectively mimic cell surfaces.
The SUGAR project has expanded knowledge of gas hydrates in the seafloor and developed technologies for environmental monitoring. Companies from Germany have successfully tested methane extraction from submarine hydrate deposits, with interest from Asian countries like Japan and China.
Scientists propose a new strategy using insect-yeast ecology to inform the search for industrially relevant yeasts. Insects are drawn to yeasts due to their sugar presence, and these mutualistic relationships can lead to yeast deposition in new environments.
A study conducted in veterans found that a telehealth program for diabetes self-management results in comparable improvements in blood glucose control to traditional care. The program combines electronic consultations and ongoing telephone-based care, providing team-based care with follow-up.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) recommends less intensive blood sugar control targets for most patients with type 2 diabetes, aiming for an A1C range of 7-8% rather than 6.5-7%. This approach prioritizes symptom management over intensive treatment to balance benefits and harms.
The Hastings Center Report has published a new article examining the ethics of rationing healthcare resources through inconvenience. The authors argue that under certain conditions, this approach can be ethical and even preferable to direct rationing. Meanwhile, another author highlights the potential downsides of this practice, includ...
Researchers challenge the notion that the sugar industry shifted blame to fat by examining historical archives and oral history. Despite alleged 'smoking gun' evidence, the authors found no conclusive proof of a sugar conspiracy, highlighting the complexity of scientific funding and policy-making in the 1960s.
Researchers at the University of York have identified a potential link between altered sugar chains and enhanced bone formation in stem cells. By treating cells with a chemical that modifies sugar chains, they found improved bone growth processes, which could pave the way for new osteoporosis treatments.
Scientists have developed a way to identify biomarkers for a wide range of diseases by assessing the antibodies we are making to the complex sugars coating our cells. The new Luminex Multiplex Glycan Array enables rapid analysis of patient samples and glycans, potentially leading to early disease detection and diagnosis.
GlycoNet researchers Matthew Macauley and John Klassen are developing a strategy to identify the molecular identity of sugars interacting with CD33 protein, strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease. This approach may lead to therapeutic targets or diagnostic tools for preventing or treating the disease.
The study reveals the importance of sugary appendages on protein surfaces, which differ in composition and branching. The researchers discovered the three-dimensional structure of oligosaccharyltransferase, providing insight into eukaryotic N-glycosylation.
A sugar tax on soft drinks might increase alcohol consumption due to similar sugar content in many alcoholic beverages. Research suggests that a more nuanced approach to pricing across a range of beverages may be more effective than a single tax.
A new University of Michigan-led study finds that nitrogen pollution will not fully offset the negative effects of a warmer, drier climate on sugar maples. The research indicates that decreased growth and potential disappearance from the state's Lower Peninsula are expected if extreme climate predictions prove true.
German researchers observed pulses of dissolution in dissolving crystals, marked by waves spreading from etch pits and screw dislocations. These findings challenge the long-held assumption that dissolution is a continuous process.