Articles tagged with Cell Cycle
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Genetically identical cells can still behave differently after starvation, and researchers have identified key biomarkers that predict which cells will take quiescent or senescent paths. The findings could lead to more predictable responses to pharmaceutical treatments.
Researchers from University of Warwick investigated high-rate cycling on Lithium Iron Phosphate Cylindrical Cells, discovering increased current capabilities of up to 4.4 times manufacturer's claims. Thermal fatigue was identified as the driving mechanism for jelly roll deformation, which can be mitigated with convection cooling.
A promising fix to CRISPR-Cas9's problem with unwanted genetic changes has been found using a method that turns off gene-editing until it reaches key cell cycle phases where more accurate repairs are likely to happen.
A KAIST research team used simulations to identify an enzyme that can reverse cellular senescence, a natural process contributing to aging and age-related diseases. By targeting the enzyme PDK1, cells were able to re-enter the cell cycle without proliferating abnormally.
Two new studies reveal individual cells maintain internal clocks through a combination of genetic and random mechanisms. These findings suggest that cellular periodicity is influenced by epigenetic control and may hold insights into aging and cancer.
A novel treatment combining FGF1 and CHIR99021 significantly reduced the size of dead heart tissue and improved left ventricle function in animal models. The treatment also promoted cell growth, angiogenesis, and prevented apoptosis, offering a potential breakthrough in cardiovascular sciences.
Researchers found that cells do not rely on a snapshot to decide whether to replicate, but instead continuously integrate the availability of growth factors. Cells remember past growth factor signaling and adjust their behavior accordingly.
A new study found that mother cells decide whether their daughter cells will divide based on environmental growth factors. The discovery could lead to longer windows for cancer drug therapies.
Scientists from the IPC PAS found that cell viscosity remains constant throughout its life cycle, defying intuitive expectations. This discovery has implications for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic methods, particularly in cancer treatment and neurodegenerative diseases.
Two research teams deciphered how RNase H2 and RNase H1 are coordinated to remove RNA-DNA hybrid structures from chromosomes. The study found that RNase H2 primarily acts during the G2 phase after DNA replication, while RNase H1 can act in all phases of the cell cycle.
Uppsala researchers developed a new method to investigate dynamic processes in large genetic libraries using DuMPLING. This approach enables the examination of thousands of living cells in a single microfluidic chip, linking genetic information to complex cell behavior. The study focuses on bacterial cell cycle regulation and aims to i...
New study from the Francis Crick Institute reveals that telomere t-loops are crucial for protecting chromosomes from damage by adopting a lasso-like structure. The research also uncovered the mechanism that regulates the winding and unwinding of these t-loops, essential for maintaining chromosome integrity.
Scientists at the University of Groningen discovered that an unstable protein, Cln3, triggers cell division in budding yeast by assessing environmental conditions favorability for protein production. The concentration of Cln3 peaks before initiating division, indicating a decoupling between protein synthesis and metabolic processes.
A new study reveals that disrupting normal circadian rhythms promotes tumor growth and suppresses the effects of a tumor-fighting drug. Circadian rhythm disruption increases cell proliferation by activating key proteins involved in cell cycle regulation.
Researchers successfully established an immortalized cell line derived from the critically endangered Okinawa rail. The use of the K4DT method, which involves co-expressing mutant CDK4, Cyclin D, and TERT genes, significantly extended cellular division and immortalization in avian cells. This breakthrough paves the way for further func...
Researchers have discovered how cancer cells' cell replication is derailed, leading to rapid tumour expansion. The findings could help predict how cancer cells respond to chemotherapy and improve understanding of cancer evolution.
Purdue University researchers have developed a cheap and stable sodium-ion battery alternative to lithium-ion batteries, using sodium powder to prevent 'getting lost' during charging and discharging. The new technology has improved cycling performance and capacity of the battery.
Researchers have developed a new system using ultraflexible mesh electronics to track the firing patterns of dozens of retinal cells chronically in awake animals. This allows for new insights into how retinal ganglion cells behave over multiple circadian cycles, revealing dramatic changes in cell activity at different times of day.
Researchers discovered pterocarpanquinones and carbapterocarpans, LQB-118 and LQB-223, with anti-tumor activity against MDR leukemias. The compounds target various mechanisms of drug resistance, including FoxM1 and NF-B regulation, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle progression.
Researchers at MLU describe how proteins change structure in response to kinases, enabling cell cycle progression and inhibiting blocked kinases. This mechanism is thought to be the basis of many cellular signal pathways.
The circadian clock controls the speed of cell division and growth in synchronization with day and night cycles, regulating key cell cycle genes. The discovery has implications for understanding plant growth and productivity, as well as potential therapeutic tools to delay tumor development in humans.
A new study suggests an association between overactive and cytosolic BRCA1 and neurons death in Alzheimer's disease, linked to aberrant DNA damage response and presenilin 1 dysfunction. The findings support the hypothesis that genotoxic stress manifests in neuronal death.
Researchers from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology discovered a new mechanism of action for DISC1, a protein linked to psychiatric disorders. The study found that DISC1 regulates Ndel1's kinetochore attachment during mitosis, leading to cell-cycle deficits in neuronal stem cells.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals a genetic mutation in the C9orf72 gene causes a vicious cycle of toxic protein production, driving neuronal death in ALS. The researchers found that cell stress activates more toxic protein production, creating a loop that potentially drives disease progression.
Fibroblasts' circadian clocks affect wound healing, with slower healing times observed at night. Researchers found that resetting cellular clocks before surgery could help maximize healing outcomes.
Researchers at UAB discovered that overexpressing a cell-cycle activator gene CCND2 increases the proliferation of grafted cardiomyocytes, leading to improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size. This breakthrough may pave the way for future clinical treatment of human heart attack patients.
Researchers discovered that saccharin inhibits the activity of bitter taste receptors stimulated by cyclamate, while cyclamate reduces the off-taste elicited by saccharin. This finding provides tools for developing superior sweetener blends and improving their taste in food products.
Scientists have identified a previously undetected motion in the human cell nucleus, which decreases over time during the cell cycle and marks the first physical feature to systematically change with the cell cycle. This internal clock-like mechanism could contribute to understanding nuclear envelope function in health and disease.
New research reveals the role of enzyme-catalyzed decomposition in the antitumor effect of oxazaphosphorines. Activated oxazphosphorines are decomposed into phosphoreamide mustard and 3-hydroxypropanal, causing DNA damage that can lead to apoptosis.
Researchers at Osaka University found that the immune system promotes spontaneous heart regeneration after myocarditis. Cardiomyocytes can proliferate under specific conditions, such as inflammation, and this process is mediated by factors like STAT3 and interleukin 11.
Researchers have identified a new way to potentially slow fast-growing cancer cells by targeting the Tudor-SN protein. The study, published in Science, found that eliminating this protein from cancer cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology slowed their cell cycle and moved them more slowly towards division.
Researchers at NRL's Chemistry Division developed a 3-D Zn sponge replacing powdered zinc anode in Ni-Zn batteries. The battery provides energy content and rechargeability rivaling lithium-ion while avoiding safety issues.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have discovered a biological mechanism that prevents insulin-producing cells from dividing successfully. The study found that the proteins centromere protein A and polo-like kinase-1 are essential for beta-cell growth, and their loss leads to cell death.
Researchers tracked lens epithelial cells in live zebrafish using genetically engineered fluorescent proteins to determine factors responsible for regulating eye development. The study reveals a complex interplay between E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins controlling cell movement and adhesion.
Scientists found evidence that a metabolic oscillator acts as regulator of cell division, contradicting textbook description of cyclin-dependent kinase complex. The oscillator oscillates in synchrony with the cell cycle but can also occur independently.
Researchers found that inhibiting RMEL3, a non-coding RNA, reduces melanoma cell proliferation by up to 95%. The study suggests RMEL3 is expressed in most cases of melanoma and offers promising therapeutic and diagnostic potential.
A recent study from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory sheds light on the critical decision every newly born cell makes: whether to continue proliferating or exit the cell-division cycle. The decision depends on delaying the expression of Cyclin E, which is regulated by a feedback loop involving ORC1 and CDC6.
A novel theory of animal evolution suggests that a biochemical oscillator named Life's Timekeeper controls cell maintenance and repair, determining cell longevity. This mechanism is believed to have driven the extension of cell longevity in animals, leading to the development of complex organisms.
Researchers discovered that the cell cycle clock inhibits the formation of centrioles, ensuring each daughter inherits a single copy. This mechanism is critical for maintaining homeostasis and preventing infertility and cancer.
Researchers found that a gap phase in the cell cycle acts as a switch to mask asynchronous synthesis, enabling a mitotic wave to coordinate with neural tube formation. This study provides insight into the critical stage of animal embryonic development.
Researchers found that levels of magnesium rise and fall in a daily cycle, controlling the cells' internal clocks and impacting metabolism. This discovery may aid the development of chronotherapy and crop varieties with increased yields or adjustable harvesting seasons.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University found that heat shock triggers DNA damage response, leading to cellular senescence. The study's results may help develop new methods for curing cancer.
Scientists discovered that Zscan4 is a repair mechanism triggered by telomere shortening, allowing cells to recover from cell division stress. The protein expression is linked to longer cell cycles, enabling the cells to lengthen their telomeres before speeding up the cycle again.
A new study reveals that chromosomes undergo a transformation in senescent cells, with some genes moving into more restrictive compartments. This change affects gene expression and may have implications for health conditions such as aging and cancer.
Scientists have developed a new method for classifying cells based on large population of cell images, allowing for high specificity and accuracy. The approach uses machine learning to analyze bright and darkfield images, opening up new perspectives for cell cycle analysis and potential applications in various contexts.
A University of Utah-led study identified a long-sought 'hybrid inviability gene' responsible for dead or infertile offspring when two fruit fly species mate. The discovery sheds light on the genetic and molecular process leading to formation of new species, and may provide clues to how cancer develops.
Scientists have discovered a gene responsible for dividing two related fruit fly species, providing insight into the evolutionary process of speciation. The gfzf gene plays a role in regulating cell cycle progression and may also contribute to the development of cancer.
Research identifies abnormal cell cycle gene activity as a common underlying factor for brain overgrowth and undergrowth in autistic toddlers. The study found that disruptions in cell cycle networks, which control prenatal neuron production, contribute to abnormal early brain growth.
Two researchers at TU Dresden have been awarded EU funding to investigate neurogenesis and cell cycle regulation, aiming to produce human neurons and improve cancer treatment strategies. The projects will focus on understanding the biological rules of neurogenesis and the interaction between cell cycle machinery and redox systems.
The current scientific description of the human cell cycle is being revised due to new findings that challenge traditional understanding of DNA replication. Cancer cells exploit an unusual form of DNA replication to bypass genetic changes that cause cancer.
UAB researchers discovered a triple mechanism that stops chromosome separation in response to DNA injuries, preventing cancerous transformation. The three control pathways, mediated by genes Wee1, Pds1/securina and Rad53/Chk2, must be eliminated simultaneously for damaged chromosomes to be segregated.
Researchers have developed a new optogenetic tool, CyclOp, which produces the second messenger cGMP when exposed to light. This allows for precise control of cellular signals involved in vision, blood pressure regulation and cell death, enabling new studies on signal pathways.
Researchers found that manipulating the circadian clock's timing signal can restore reproductive function in older female mice. This approach may have implications for human fertility and suggest the importance of 'circadian hygiene' to prevent reproductive difficulties.
Accelerating the G1 phase transit of human blood stem cells significantly improves their function and promotes prolonged continuous production of mature blood cells. This study reveals a crucial regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function, which may contribute to functional defects in aged mice or elderly humans.
Researchers found that overexpression of cyclin E slows down DNA replication and introduces harmful mutations in cells. The study discovered specific regions of chromosomes frequently failed to complete replication, leading to genetic instability and potential cancer development.
Researchers have mapped nearly every protein in a bacterial cell for its entire cell cycle, discovering a large number of distinct patterns with subtle spatial and temporal differences. This approach has implications for understanding how bacteria coordinate the timing and location of subcellular processes.
A new statistical method for RNA-seq analysis has identified and corrected for hidden structure between cells, revealing new subtypes that may have distinct functions. This breakthrough allows researchers to create more accurate gene-expression profiles and explore cell types in cancers and diseases.
Researchers at the University of Manchester discovered a molecular 'tag team' controlling cell division in yeast cells. This relay system ensures proper regulation of mitotic exit, a critical step in preventing abnormal growth and cancer development.
Researchers observed the evolution of simple self-reproducing groups of cells from individual cells, revealing a reproductive division of labour. Cheats that initially exploited others' cooperation eventually became seeds for future generations, leading to the emergence of multicellular organisms with improved fitness.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona reveal a mechanism that allows differentiated cells to reactivate as stem cells again, a phenomenon seen in the liver's regenerative capacity. The key feature is the inhibition of endocycle entry, a modified cell cycle that prevents irreversible changes in gene expression.