Articles tagged with Enzyme Production
Researchers determined the crystal structure of a key enzyme in onion cells and developed a chemical mechanism explaining LF synthesis. The discovery reveals why people tear up when chopping onions, shedding light on this common culinary conundrum.
The University of Konstanz's biological chemistry working group has decoded a molecular mechanism that inhibits bacterial populations' swarming motility. This mechanism enables bacteria to produce various natural substances using minimal resources, which may aid in combating infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding the production of bilirubin, a substance responsible for yellowing of the skin in jaundiced patients. By studying the biliverdin reductase enzyme, they discovered that two molecules of biliverdin are used to produce bilirubin.
Researchers identified L-asparaginase in yeast that efficiently kills leukemia cells with low toxicity to healthy cells. The enzyme depletes asparagine, a crucial amino acid for cancer cell survival, leading to apoptosis and inducing programmed cell death.
The study found that human ALOX15 has a higher capacity for producing anti-inflammatory lipid mediators than its lower primate counterparts. This suggests an evolution to better control inflammation and speed up the healing process.
Researchers have successfully elucidated the crystal structure of PHA synthase, a key enzyme in producing polyhydroxyalkanoates. This breakthrough enables the development of tailor-made biodegradable polymers that could potentially replace environmentally unfriendly petroleum-based products.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have found that microalgae produce hydrogen all day long, not just in short bursts. They increased production by 400% through genetic engineering and discovered effective mechanisms to remove oxygen, making it clear algae have huge potential for clean energy production.
Scientists at Technical University of Munich have developed a biochemical strategy to synthesize natural and artificial medical agents using templated enzyme design. They successfully produced precursor of Taxol, anti-inflammatory substances, and omega-3 fatty acids, showcasing the potential of their new molecular toolkit.
Researchers from Kobe University identified enzymes that convert 3-hexenal into 2-hexenal, reducing the grassy odor in tomatoes. This breakthrough can be used to produce sweet tomatoes with less unpleasant fragrance.
Chemists at the University of Copenhagen have discovered how lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) bind to cellulose, a crucial step in transforming plant waste into sustainable biofuels. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient production and development of green energy sources.
Two Korean research teams have discovered the redox-switch of thiolase, a key enzyme involved in n-butanol biosynthesis. This finding enables increased n-butanol production using metabolic engineering approaches.
A new method developed by Empa researchers could lead to the production of biodegradable motorcycle helmets made from carrot waste fibers. The 'MPAS' approach assesses market potential and ecological impact, identifying six possible customer segments for the Scottish manufacturer Cellucomp.
Researchers have identified an unexpected enzyme, RhNUDX1, that plays a key role in producing rose fragrances. By investigating the genes of two rose cultivars, they found that this enzyme generates the fragrant monoterpene geraniol.
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Joint BioEnergy Institute have successfully increased the production of methyl ketones in E. coli bacteria by 160-fold, a significant improvement over previous results. The breakthrough could lead to the development of clean and renewable blending agents for diesel fuel.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed a method to produce erythritol, a natural sweetener, from ordinary straw using genetically modified mould fungi. The process eliminates the need for expensive enzymes and molasses, making it more sustainable.
A new technology developed by VIB/UGent scientists has simplified the production of biotech medicines by truncating complex sugar structures, retaining therapeutic efficiency. This innovation has the potential to make biotech medicine production cheaper and more efficient.
Researchers have engineered a bacterium to synthesize pinene, a hydrocarbon produced by trees that could replace high-energy fuels like JP-10. Boosting production six-fold over earlier efforts, the scientists believe they've identified major obstacles to overcome before pinene dimers can compete with petroleum-based JP-10.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have successfully produced a molecule that blocks LTA4 hydrolase from producing LTB4, while maintaining the inactivation of Pro-Gly-Pro. This could lead to new hopes for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and various types of inflammatory skin diseases.
Researchers found that bacteria deviate from the 'just in time' principle for protein production, adapting dynamically to environmental conditions. They use strategies to optimize protein production, which can be useful in fighting pathogens.
Professor Yasuhisa Asano received the 2013 Enzyme Engineering Award for his contributions to microbial degradation and transformation of nitrile compounds. He has engineered enzymes for large-scale production of amino acids, nucleic acids, and other biotechnological tools.
Scientists have discovered a potential treasure trove of enzymes in fungi thriving in horse feces that can break down cellulose in non-food plants. The enzymes, found in a fungus isolated from the digestive tract of horses, have the potential to simplify and reduce the cost of biofuel production.
Researchers have identified an enzyme used in nature to produce powerful chemicals from catnip, which could be used to create a more affordable and effective cancer treatment. The discovery also has potential applications in agriculture, as the enzyme's product can disrupt aphid breeding cycles or repel them from crops.
Research overturns the dogma that algae growth and oil production are mutually exclusive by showing that feeding more carbon increases oil production. This discovery may lead to new ways to turn photosynthetic green algae into tiny 'green factories' for producing raw materials for alternative fuels.
A Heidelberg University Hospital study found that a single protein mediates pathological remodeling processes causing varicose veins. The protein triggers changes in wall architecture, leading to increased cell proliferation and enzyme production.
Researchers discovered that a commercial enzyme can extract water from an ethanol byproduct, reducing electricity, natural gas, and energy consumption. This could significantly decrease the amount of greenhouse gases emitted during ethanol production.
Researchers have identified an enzyme that drives the production of estradiol, a potent form of estrogen, in human breast cancer tissue. The enzyme creates a positive cycle where estradiol sustains its own production, leading to aggressive and potentially deadly cancer types.
Researchers have engineered E. coli bacteria to produce n-butanol, a chemical that could be used as a substitute for diesel oil and gasoline. The new genetically altered E. coli produced nearly five grams of n-butanol per liter, about 10 times better than current industrial microbe systems.
Scientists have solved the structure of a protein integral to maintaining healthy hearts and nervous systems. The discovery of cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) may lead to smarter drug design for better understanding of homocystinuria, a genetic disorder affecting cardiovascular and central nervous systems.
Smokeless tobacco affects enzyme function and genetic material in liver, kidney, and lungs, altering hormone production and potentially toxic substance breakdown. The study's findings highlight the need for greater awareness of smokeless tobacco's risks, particularly among youth and vulnerable populations.
Researchers have created a method to convert non-food biomass into sugar, which is then fermented into ethanol. This approach produces significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than traditional corn-based ethanol, offering a promising alternative for cleaner fuel production.
A study found that mutations in IDH1 enzyme result in excess production of 2-HG, a metabolite common among cancers including leukemia and brain tumors. Elevated serum levels of 2-HG were detected in approximately 8% of AML patients with these mutations.
Researchers successfully produce PLA and copolymers through direct microbial fermentation, reducing production costs and environmental impact. This innovation could lead to the development of sustainable plastics based on renewable resources.
Researchers mapped genetic mutations in Trichoderma reesei to boost cellulase production, increasing biofuel efficiency and reducing environmental impact. The study provides a blueprint for future studies on the fungus's genetic makeup.
Researchers developed a lab-on-a-chip device mimicking the natural Golgi apparatus, producing heparin quickly and efficiently in an assembly-line fashion. The artificial Golgi has strong clot-fighting potential, potentially leading to faster and safer heparin production methods.
A recent study published in International Immunopharmacology reveals that Pycnogenol inhibits the generation of COX-2 and 5-LOX enzymes associated with inflammation. This finding suggests that Pycnogenol can decrease pain and reduce inflammatory conditions by shutting down specific enzyme production.
Researchers have developed the first ever fly model for neuromuscular disease Charcot-Marie-Tooth by introducing mutant genes from human patients into fruit flies. The study reveals that fruit flies with the mutant YARS gene exhibit symptoms of CMT, including reduced movement and nerve cell degeneration.
The DOE JGI has announced 44 DNA sequencing projects to explore the genetic potential of various organisms, including pine trees, duckweed, and microalgae. These projects will generate over 60 billion nucleotides of data, roughly equivalent to 20 human genomes.
A team of researchers from Iowa State University and the University of Hawai'i have developed a fungus that can remove organic material and solids from thin stillage, allowing for greater water recycling and reducing energy costs. This process could save ethanol producers up to $800 million a year in energy costs.
Researchers are studying how enzymes break down cellulose, a tough plant-based material. This study aims to develop a basic understanding of the mechanism and activity of these enzymes, which could lead to more efficient and economical production of cellulosic ethanol.
During fasting, brain cells responsible for stimulating appetite make sure you stay hungry. The researchers revealed a link between active thyroid hormone in the brain and increases in an 'uncoupling' protein (UCP2) that boosts power-generating mitochondria, allowing the brain's hunger center to remain active.
Researchers found that tissues taken from pig embryos between 42 days of gestation exhibit optimal growth potential and secrete factor VIII, a blood-clotting protein missing in hemophilic patients. This technique may one day help the body overcome genetic diseases.
Researchers found that inhibiting heme oxygenase-1 activity reduces tumor growth in mice with Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The study offers a potential new treatment for the disease.
Dr. Strahl's research focuses on histone modifications, specifically the addition of ubiquitin to histone 2B by Rad6 enzyme. He also explores histone methylation and its regulation through various biochemical pathways.
A team of UCR researchers led by Daniel R. Gallie found that reducing ethylene production through ACC synthase increases drought tolerance in corn plants. The study suggests a promising approach to help farmers adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Researchers at Northwestern University have made a breakthrough in treating Alzheimer's disease by targeting the gene that causes memory loss. The study found that inhibiting an enzyme called BACE1 can prevent memory deficits and brain cell functional abnormalities in laboratory models of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered a molecular switch called Rop that assists plant survival in low-oxygen conditions, such as flooding. The enzyme ADH is produced through a rheostat-like mechanism, which is controlled by the Rop switch.