Articles tagged with Muscle Cells
A Penn study suggests that DNA 3D packaging controls which genes are available for activation, influencing cell differentiation. The researchers found that tethering DNA to the nuclear periphery with an epigenetic enzyme contributes to a cell becoming a certain type.
Researchers found that low dietary potassium promotes elevated aortic stiffness, while increased dietary potassium alleviates it. Increased potassium also reduced vascular calcification and aortic stiffness in mouse models, suggesting its potential to protect against heart disease.
Researchers have confirmed that cartilaginous fish fin and hypobranchial muscles develop via a similar mechanism to limb muscles in land-dwelling vertebrates and bony fish. Conserved genes, including Pax3 and Myod, were also identified.
A synthetic DNA-targeting molecule called PIP-S2 has been developed to guide human induced pluripotent stem cells into specific cell types. This breakthrough overcomes challenges in current approaches and offers a promising strategy for tissue regeneration.
Portuguese researchers have discovered how cellular nuclei reach their position within muscle cells, a process disrupted in most muscle disorders. This finding has important implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat muscular diseases and sport-induced muscle injuries.
Reactive oxygen species are crucial signals that start muscle repair processes. Proper mitochondrial function is necessary for energy production and repairing injured myofibers. Excess antioxidants can inhibit this signaling process, exacerbating muscle damage.
A new study found that poor nitric acid responsiveness may lead to arteriovenous fistula failure in hemodialysis patients. Researchers discovered that improving nitric oxide responsiveness through manipulation of local mediators can prevent fistula maturation failure and potentially improve patient outcomes.
Researchers found that elevated levels of protein Cdk8 in heart muscle cells lead to declining heart function and heart failure. The study suggests modifying gene expression may provide a path to preventive treatments for heart failure.
Researchers at UNC and NC State found that acetylation promotes TDP-43 clumping in animals, leading to muscle degeneration. In mouse models, reversing protein clumping prevented sIBM-related muscle weakness, offering potential therapy reversal.
Scientists at UCSF discover primary cilia, found on fat-forming cells in muscle, regulate fat formation and tissue renewal. The study provides new insights into muscle aging and disease, potentially leading to improved muscle regeneration.
Researchers from Virginia Tech and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have developed a new method to study the role of biomechanical forces in diseased pathologies. The technique, called nanonet force microscopy (NFM), measures single cell-fiber forces under both passive conditions and disease conditions.
Researchers have designed two proteins that stabilize the cell scaffolding, restoring muscle structure and function in animal models of congenital muscular dystrophy. The study demonstrates significant improvements in muscle force, body weight, and lifespan, providing a potential gene therapy treatment for this rare disease.
Researchers found genes that form heart cells in humans and animals in a sea anemone's gut, which may help explain its regenerative abilities. The study suggests potential for tweaking human gene communication to stimulate regenerative healing and treat heart conditions.
A research team measured chimpanzee muscles and found a modest performance advantage, contrary to popular accounts of chimp 'super strength'. Chimpanzees have twice as many fast-twitch fibers, but this translates to only about 1.35 times more dynamic force and power output than humans.
A team of researchers has discovered a potential treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy by repurposing a compound originally developed to treat cancer. The compound, SU9516, works by boosting muscle repair and regeneration in affected muscles.
A study published in eLife discovered that loss of muscle stem cells is the main driving force behind muscle decline in old age in mice. By depleting muscle stem cells, researchers found that muscle decline accelerated, while mice with preserved stem cells maintained healthier muscles at older ages.
Scientists identify a new gene essential to the fusion of muscle stem cells and form functioning skeletal muscle tissues. The study's findings provide new avenues for cell therapy approaches in regenerative medicine.
A team of scientists has identified a two-part system protecting the heart muscle's power grid from disease-related damage. The mitochondrial circuits in the heart are arranged in parallel rows, forming several smaller subnetworks that limit the spread of electrical dysfunction.
Researchers discovered ordered arrangement of myosin-II filaments in actin cables of non-muscle cells, enabling slow contractility and movement through connective tissue. This organisation allows for dynamic assembly and disassembly of protein cables, providing the necessary strength to interact with the microenvironment.
Scientists have developed a new technique to produce human brain and muscle cells in just a few days, allowing for the creation of millions of functional cells. This breakthrough method, OPTi-OX, enables researchers to study diseases such as Alzheimer's and Multiple Sclerosis at unprecedented purities.
A Clemson University professor has been awarded a grant to investigate how chronic, low-level exposure to arsenic affects developing children and sensitive embryos. The research aims to pinpoint the specific developmental time frames most susceptible to arsenic's adverse effects.
The Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute is developing a biological pacemaker that can treat patients with slow heartbeats. The device turns normal heart cells into pacemaker cells using gene therapy, potentially replacing electronic pacemakers one day.
Scientists at the University of Notre Dame developed a 'living diode' using cardiac muscle cells, enabling directional signal processing. This innovation opens doors to functional biological structures for controlling mechanical devices in the body.
York University scientists have developed a 3D beating heart tissue created from three cell types that beat together as one entity. This breakthrough will facilitate better and earlier drug testing, eliminating harmful medications sooner.
Researchers found that the fluid-filled nature of muscle fibers plays a role in creating tension when stretching. The study used a model and experiments with real bullfrog muscle to demonstrate the mechanical properties of fluid in muscle fibers. This discovery argues for accounting for fluid in models of muscle mechanics.
Researchers aim to create genetically corrected stem cells to replace the mutated dystrophin gene in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. They plan to use induced pluripotent stem cells to produce healthy muscle progenitor cells, which will repopulate weak muscle mass.
Researchers find that rapsyn helps ensure optimal positioning and functioning of acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells, enabling precise brain-muscle communication. This discovery provides new insight into diseases like muscular dystrophy and offers potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers found that four key muscle-cell proteins undergo a critical splicing transition in fetal forms, essential for adult muscle function. Disrupting this transition leads to major structural problems and muscle weakness in adult mice, highlighting the importance of alternative splicing in maintaining muscle health.
Gladstone scientists identified two chemicals that improved cardiac reprogramming, increasing cell production and quality. The discovery brings the technology closer to regenerating damaged hearts and treating heart failure.
Researchers discovered two olfactory receptors in human lung tissue that regulate airway smooth muscle cell contraction. Activation of these receptors may help constrict or prevent airway constriction in diseases such as asthma and emphysema.
Researchers discovered that muscle tissue has a built-in clock controlling energy efficiency, with optimal performance during the day. The finding suggests that humans may be able to respond better to exercise during daylight hours.
Researchers found that satellite cells differentiate into myofibres only when Prox1 is active. The study also revealed that Prox1 is expressed in adult slow muscle fibres, which have high metabolic activity and are linked to type 2 diabetes risk.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting ANGPTL2 production can benefit both mice and human cardiac muscle cells with therapeutic effects in reducing heart failure progression. Moderate exercise previously found to reduce ANGPLT2 levels can now be replicated through gene therapy.
Researchers at KIT discovered that scavenger cells play a crucial role in repairing torn muscle fibers by removing repair patches and restoring normal cell membrane structure. This process requires the aid of macrophages roaming within the muscle, and a short amino acid sequence in the dysferlin repair protein.
Researchers found that increasing satellite cell numbers can increase muscle regeneration and stifle degeneration. Muscles with genetically modified TEAD1-expressing fibers showed a six-fold increase in satellite cells, allowing for faster repair after injury.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Physiology found that taking nitrate supplements alongside Sprint Interval Training can improve athletic performance in low-oxygen conditions. After just five weeks, the muscle fiber composition changed with enhanced nitrate intake during training in these conditions.
Researchers find Gli1 positive stem cells, which can become smooth muscle cells, bone-building osteoblasts, and other connective tissues, contribute to vascular calcification. The study provides insights into the active process behind calcified blood vessels in chronic kidney disease.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a new target for treating Kennedy's disease by focusing on the role of genes in muscles. Contrary to previous beliefs, researchers found that the affected gene does not cause muscle fibers to lose connections with neurons, but rather appears broken and disorganized.
Scientists identified two types of olfactory receptors that dilate and contract bronchioles when activated by specific scents. The discovery could lead to new asthma treatments using compounds like amyl butyrate, which relaxes bronchi muscles.
A microfluidic device has been developed to replicate the neuromuscular junction, enabling precise stimulation of nerve cells and observation of muscle interactions. This innovation may help identify effective treatments for ALS and other neuromuscular disorders.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully grown lab-grown human nerve cells that can partner with heart muscle cells to stimulate contractions. The nerve cells, derived from pluripotent stem cells, were found to connect with and control heart muscle cells, similar to their natural counterparts.
Researchers have discovered a way in which proteins in our cells help to control genes involved in forming muscle. They found that these proteins can regulate the genes' ability to form muscle by re-locating them during development.
A team of researchers has found that voltage-gated calcium channels open in unison to allow calcium ions into and activate excitable cells like neurons and muscle cells. This cooperative behavior could lead to improved therapies targeting aberrant calcium channels in malfunctioning cells.
Patients treated with processed autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) demonstrated symptomatic improvement and reduced heart failure hospitalizations. The ATHENA trial results showed a trend towards lower rates of angina, despite no improvement in left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) or ventricular volumes.
Researchers discovered that microtubules interact with the heart's contractile machinery to provide mechanical resistance during contraction. Increasing detyrosination leads to increased myocyte stiffness and impeded contraction, while suppressing it enables the sarcomere to shorten more easily.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have developed a technique to identify patients who are at risk of suffering chemo-induced heart damage. The study uses induced pluripotent stem cells from breast cancer patients' skin cells to create human heart muscle cells, which respond more adversely to the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin.
A study found that some ICU patients experience persistent muscle wasting even after recovery from critical illness, leading to debilitating disability. The loss of satellite cells is a key factor in this process, contributing to age-related muscle loss and potentially permanent changes in muscle biology.
Researchers found that larval newts use stem/progenitor cells for muscle regeneration, while metamorphosed newts recruit skeletal muscle fiber cells. The study also revealed that skin, bone, muscle, and nerve tissues can regenerate faithfully in both stages of development.
Scientists at UCLA have developed a new approach using CRISPR/Cas9 to correct genetic mutations that cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The approach, which can be used in clinical trials within 10 years, has the potential to treat 60% of patients with the deadly disease.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a therapeutic method using periostin1-specific neutralizing antibodies to inhibit the onset of cardiac failure in the chronic phase, improving patients' quality of life and reducing medical costs. The study's findings suggest that periostin1 is the primary cause of cardiac failure after AMI.
Researchers reconstructed 3D images of intercalated discs, protein structures that connect heart muscle cells, and found clusters of proteins that work together to pass on electrical signals and pumping force. The discovery may lead to a simple blood test to detect life-threatening arrhythmias.
Researchers have successfully generated human cardiac muscle cells from stem cells using a 'Matrigel mattress', addressing a problem with contractile properties. The new method allows for high-throughput screens to find novel therapies for heart diseases, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Researchers use super-resolution technologies to observe muscle stem/progenitor cells migrating into place guided by 'ghost fibers,' remnants of the old extracellular matrix left by dying muscle fibers. This study reveals that these ghost fibers serve as architectural units guiding the regeneration of muscle tissue.
University of Louisville scientists enhance understanding of muscle repair process by revealing the vital role of protein TAK1 in regulating satellite stem cells. The protein is required for satellite cell proliferation and survival to regenerate adult skeletal muscles after injury or disease.
Researchers at UofL discovered a mechanism involved in skeletal muscle repair that may enable clinicians to boost the effectiveness of adult stem cell therapies. TRAF6 ensures the vitality of stem cells, which regenerate muscle tissue, and its removal depletes Pax7, resulting in reduced muscle regeneration.
Researchers found that cockroaches activate slow twitch muscle fibers only when chewing on tough material, generating a bite force of up to 50 times stronger than their body weight. This unique ability allows them to efficiently exert powerful forces with minimal head volume required.
Researchers have identified a new way to trigger the instructions given by the muscle protein dystrophin, which is found in muscles used for movement and in cardiac muscle cells. The study suggests using drugs that activate AMPK signaling to bypass defective steps in the protein complex pathway.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology have developed a proof-of-concept study on an injection that stops egg and sperm production in mice, using packaged DNA to produce neutralizing antibodies. This method could be a cheap alternative to spaying or neutering feral animals.
Researchers have successfully isolated human muscle stem cells that can robustly replicate and repair damaged muscles when grafted onto an injured site. The findings hold promise for patients with severe muscle injury, paralysis, or genetic diseases like muscular dystrophy.
Periodontitis has been shown to increase the expression of pro-inflammatory angiopoietin 2, while decreasing anti-inflammatory angiopoietin 1 in aortic smooth muscle cells, leading to increased inflammation and atherosclerosis. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms linking periodontitis to heart disease.