Articles tagged with Ribosomes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that ARF is a crucial regulator of both cell growth and division, two critical processes in cancer development. By inhibiting B23, another protein involved in cellular growth, ARF can control the cell cycle and prevent uncontrolled cell proliferation.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have identified two enzymes in Methanococcus jannaschii that may predate the cell's use of ribosomes to build proteins. These discoveries provide insight into how peptides were formed before ribosomes, expanding our knowledge of gene function and the evolution of life.
Researchers have discovered that a small protein, SmpB, helps modify the structure of tmRNA to facilitate its role in repairing damaged mRNA. This process prevents the production of toxic proteins and ensures cellular survival. The study also reveals how a plant virus exploits this mechanism for its own replication.
The Arf gene's role in controlling cell growth and metabolism has been enhanced by its association with the tumor suppressor gene p53, leading to improved anti-cancer effects. By limiting ribosome production, Arf slows down cell growth, while p53 activates other genes to prevent cancer progression.
Researchers discovered that normal nerve cells can use IRES to produce large quantities of protein, mimicking viral behavior. This switch allows for massive production of specific proteins like ELH hormone, potentially impacting learning and memory processes in the brain.
Researchers have discovered a genetic mutation in the DKC1 gene that causes a rare, fatal X-linked recessive disease characterized by premature aging, bone marrow failure, and increased cancer risk. The study suggests that ribosome dysfunction, rather than telomerase impairment, is the primary cause of this syndrome.
The ribosome recycling factor plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by disassembling the ribosomal complex after protein completion. Researchers believe RRF could be targeted for new antibiotic development to combat bacterial resistance.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a computer model of the E-coli ribosome, a cellular structure responsible for protein creation. This model has applications in developing new and powerful antibiotics against a range of pathogens, including those used in bioweapons agents.
Researchers created atomic-resolution maps of microtubules and ribosomes to understand their functions in transporting drugs like taxol. The maps revealed areas that play a key role in intracellular transport, with potential binding sites for such drugs.
Researchers obtained the most detailed images of the ribosome's factory, where amino acids are linked into proteins. The high-resolution structure reveals that the ribosome is a ribozyme, an RNA enzyme, and provides insights into its evolution and function.
Yale researchers determined the atomic structure of the ribosome's large subunit, revealing its RNA-based enzymatic component. This breakthrough has significant medical implications, as the ribosome is a major target for antibiotics, and could lead to new treatments for resistant bacterial diseases.
Researchers used three-dimensional cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the ratcheting rotation of ribosomal subunits relative to each other. This motion facilitates translocation of mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis.
A team of scientists has unraveled key features of the small ribosomal subunit, including the site where protein biosynthesis begins. The study, which used novel experimental strategies and cryo-crystallography, provides a far-reaching glimpse into the microscopic world of ribosomes.
A team of researchers has produced high-resolution images of a complete ribosome complex using the Advanced Light Source (ALS), revealing more about its structure than previous observations. The new crystallographic images provide insights into how transfer RNA interacts with the ribosome and the molecular mechanisms of protein synthesis.
Researchers at UCSC have obtained detailed images of the complete structure of the ribosome, a tiny molecular machine responsible for translating genetic code and synthesizing proteins. The new images show how different parts of the ribosome interact with each other and with molecules involved in protein synthesis.
Researchers have exposed the precise interactions between antibiotics and bacterial ribosomes, revealing a 'lock-and-key' system that sheds light on antibiotic effectiveness and resistance. The study highlights the importance of targeting RNA in cells and provides potential strategies for designing new, less toxic drugs.
Researchers at Emory University report a link between mental stress and cardiovascular damage. They suggest that chronic stress can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress, ultimately damaging the heart. The study's findings have implications for understanding the causes of cardiovascular disease in individuals with fragile X syndrome.