Articles tagged with Stress Responses
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Calgary have identified a new stress response mechanism in the brain, where stress triggers a protein that removes the ability to slow down the stress response. This finding may lead to a better understanding of the changes in sensitivity to stress resulting from chronic exposure.
Researchers from Heidelberg University Hospital found that CaMKII delta enzyme activates stress response and hypertrophy of the heart. Genetic suppression of this enzyme protects mice from chronic cardiac insufficiency, offering a promising approach for systematic prevention.
Researchers found that high doses of cortisone can prevent negative consequences of stress exposure, including increased startle response and behavioral freezing. This finding suggests a possible treatment option for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in its acute phase.
A new animal model study suggests that high-dose corticosterone, a cortisol-related substance, can prevent negative consequences of stress exposure in PTSD. Low-dose corticosterone potentiated these responses, indicating a dose-dependent relationship between corticosterone levels and vulnerability/resilience.
A study found that compassion meditation reduces inflammation and emotional distress in response to stress. Regular practice was associated with stronger reductions in inflammation and emotional responses compared to those who received a health discussion control group.
A new study reveals that even slight stress and anxiety can substantially worsen allergic reactions to routine allergens, leading to longer-lasting symptoms. The researchers found that the next day's reaction was often stronger and more severe, suggesting an ongoing response to the allergens.
Researchers found specific alterations in heart and circulation in children with small birth weight, differing between boys and girls. These changes are associated with higher blood pressure and risk of hypertension and heart disease.
Researchers identified two peptides, NORQ and Hcrt, as crucial regulators of stress-induced analgesia in mice. The peptides interact with each other to modulate pain perception, suggesting a potential link to medical conditions caused by excessive stress.
A new study has found that men are more likely to crave alcohol when they feel negative emotions, such as sadness and anxiety. Women tend to ruminate on these feelings, while men may distract themselves by using alcohol as a coping mechanism.
Scientists have discovered a genetic factor linked to stress response variability, revealing why some people can better withstand stress than others. The study found that inherited variations in the neuropeptide Y gene affect the brain's anxiety-reducing mechanisms, leading to differences in emotional responses and pain tolerance.
Scientists at Rutgers University have made a breakthrough in understanding the mechanism of ricin-induced cell death. By inhibiting a natural defense mechanism called unfolded protein response (UPR), researchers may develop new therapeutic agents to counteract ricin poisonings, which can also be triggered by certain bacteria.
Researchers have identified a brain molecule, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), that plays a central role in stress-related drinking and may be a potential therapeutic target for alcohol dependence. The study found that blocking NK1R reduced alcohol craving and improved overall wellbeing among individuals with anxiety.
A recent study published in Archives of General Psychiatry found that genetic and environmental factors play a crucial role in shaping cortisol responses to stress in young children, with family context being a significant determining factor.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have identified Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) as a tumor suppressor in skin cancer development. ATF2 regulates gene transcription in response to extracellular stresses, leading to faster and more frequent tumor formation when its activity is reduced.
A study found that individuals who experienced severe stress-related symptoms after terrorist attacks were more likely to be diagnosed with heart problems over the following three years. High levels of acute stress immediately after the attacks predicted increased risk of physician-diagnosed heart problems.
Scientists found that inactivating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) helps prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a leading cause of death in premature babies. Blocking TLR4 signals could potentially treat NEC by regulating the intestine's immune response.
A study using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scans found that men and women's brains respond differently to stress, with women exhibiting stronger lasting responses in the limbic system involved in emotion. The findings suggest a fundamental difference in stress response between genders.
Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine found that viral infections like poliovirus target a protein called G3BP, which helps cells respond to stress. This disruption prevents the virus from being translated into proteins and killing the cells.
A study led by UCSF researchers identified p16 and COX-2 biomarkers as predictors of future tumor formation in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The findings suggest that these biomarkers can help determine the best treatment option for DCIS patients.
A new mouse study found that mice who are more susceptible to social defeat show increased levels of a growth factor known as BDNF in their brains' reward circuits, which promotes plasticity and learning. Resilient mice, on the other hand, did not exhibit this chemical rise, suggesting a potential link between BDNF and human resilience.
A study found that a specific brain mechanism promotes resilience to stress in mice, potentially leading to improved treatments for stress-related mental illnesses. The research identified key components of the mechanism and found similarities with human brain function.
A new study found that early family intervention can alter children's biological response to stress, leading to improved behavior and reduced risk of delinquency. The intervention, which includes parenting strategies and social skills training, resulted in increased cortisol levels in anticipation of a socially stressful situation.
Autophagy, a normal process in which cells recycle proteins, may paradoxically contribute to the progression of heart disease. Mice with amplified autophagy fared worse in cardiac stress tests than those with muted responses.
Researchers found that a gene deficiency in CalDAG-GEFI may explain the loss of platelet function leading to recurrent bleeding in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency III. Additionally, IL-33 and ST2 signaling was identified as a critical mechanism for protecting the heart from stress, suggesting potential new therapeutic targets.
Researchers at the University of Calgary found that a single high-fat meal can make people more prone to physical harm from stress. The study, published in the Journal of Nutrition, compared the stress responses of students who consumed a fast-food breakfast versus those who ate a low-fat breakfast.
Humans and primates are highly intelligent, social creatures prone to stress-related diseases due to chronically psychosocially stressed situations. Chronic stress compromises health by suppressing immune function, reproduction, and brain function.
Researchers found that an inhaled drug may provide a new therapeutic for asthma by inhibiting Th2 cell inflammatory responses. Additionally, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation enabled infused tumor-reactive T cells to expand and increase tumor regression in mice.
Research reveals that PMR1 enzyme forms temporary shelters in stressed cells to protect mRNA, allowing protein production to resume when stress ends. This protective mechanism may help cancer cells evade cancer therapies.
A peptide linked to anxiety is found to be overly plentiful in mice with Rett syndrome, suggesting a causal role in the disorder's anxiety-like behavior. This discovery may lead to new treatments for this symptom by targeting the CRH stress response.
A study by Tufts University researchers found that pregnancy and lactation produce long-term changes in a mother's brain hormone receptors, which may improve maternal behavior and reduce anxiety levels. This discovery suggests that prior reproductive experience can shape the mother's physiology and behavior.
European blackbirds born in cities exhibit a reduced stress response compared to those from forests, which may be the result of urban-specific selection pressures. This adaptation helps them thrive in concrete habitats around the globe.
Researchers find that chronic stress can lead to damage in the brain and body, but also note that certain behaviors like exercise, social support, and coping techniques can modify these effects. Healthy centenarians exhibit slower insulin rates, higher thyroid hormones, and lower cortisol levels compared to younger adults.
A study found that individuals with alcohol dependence without PTSD exhibit a disconnect between emotional distress and biological stress response to stress tests. They are more likely to relapse during the follow-up period due to this disruption.
Scientists studying social stress in Syrian hamsters found that subordinates eat more and gain weight after being defeated by a dominant hamster. This model can help researchers understand human stress-induced obesity.
Researchers found that isolated female rats subjected to a 30-minute stressor recover more quickly and mount a stronger immune response than male counterparts. This difference may be related to the demands of motherhood, which has evolved to provide females with protection against trauma.
Researchers found that Magellanic Penguins in Argentina's largest colony can handle up to 70,000 annual visitors without significant stress or harm. However, the study highlights the challenges of quantifying long-term consequences of human disturbance on wildlife.
A study published in Health Psychology found that individuals who experience larger increases in cholesterol levels due to stress are more likely to have high 'bad' cholesterol later on. The researchers identified a significant association between acute lipid stress responses and fasting lipid levels three years later.
A new study found that female rats experienced markedly increased levels of the stress hormone corticosterone compared to male rats. Chronic stress has been linked to various diseases in humans, including mental illness and autoimmune disorders, which are more prevalent among women.
Research finds that individuals with a family history of alcoholism exhibit a dysfunctional stress response prior to developing alcohol dependence, while those without a family history experience a decline after developing alcohol dependence. Low-dose alcohol consumption blocks the response to stress in both high- and low-risk groups.
A Carnegie Mellon study found that individuals displaying anger and disgust in response to stressors had lower biological responses to stress than those who displayed fear. This challenges the assumption that all negative emotions provoke the same psychological and biological reactions.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory identified a messenger RNA molecule that switches from non-protein coding status to protein coding status in response to cellular stress. This 'cut and run' mechanism likely controls the expression of many genes, providing a rapid response to viral infection or other stresses.
The study reveals that proteins RPL26 and nucleolin control p53 production in response to DNA damage. Increasing p53 function may boost radiation therapy effectiveness, while reducing it could protect normal cells from oxidative stress.
Research teams from Tulane, LSU, and University of Edinburgh found that endocannabinoids play a role in regulating the neuroendocrine stress response and influencing social behavior. Endocannabinoids may have potential therapeutic applications in diseases such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy.
Researchers at Public University of Navarra study the response of four grape varieties to hydric stress, finding that recovery of photosynthetic activity varies by variety. The study aims to inform suitable land irrigation policies for each variety, improving wine production.
Research found that stress before vaccination led to better immune responses and greater protection nine months later. Stress may prime the immune system for oncoming trauma, enhancing its long-term memory for antigens.
Researchers have identified a common intermediate to activate ATR in response to various forms of genotoxic stress, including UV-induced cross-links and oxidative damage. This discovery highlights the importance of proper DNA detection and response to prevent genome instability and cancer.
A study by Emory University researchers found that a sex hormone metabolite, allopregnanolone, reduces stress and anxiety in female rats. The findings suggest that progesterone may inhibit the effect of CRF on the acoustic startle response.
A Medical College of Georgia study found that individuals with higher lean body mass can better regulate their blood pressure in response to stress. This is because fitness allows the body to efficiently excrete sodium, which helps lower blood pressure back to normal.
A UCSD research team found that a specific transcription factor plays a crucial role in cells' ability to adapt to osmotic stress, which can lead to immune system dysfunction and cancer progression. The study's findings offer new possibilities for developing drugs to treat autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, and cancer.
A meta-analysis of 293 studies found that stress affects immunity in distinct ways, with short-term stress boosting natural immunity but chronic stress weakening it. Chronic stress is particularly damaging, especially for older or sick individuals, while acute time-limited stressors enhance quick energy-efficient responses.
Researchers have found that genetic variations in the GABRA6 gene contribute to individual differences in stress response. The study suggests a link between this gene polymorphism and an attenuated stress response.
Researchers found that repeated pregnancies in rats increased blood pressure response to stress and phenylephrine infusion, due to enhanced total peripheral resistance. Vascular sensitivity was also altered, with reduced compliance and sensitivity to phenylephrine.
Research reveals that stress triggers a hormonal response that modifies immune system function, leading to increased vulnerability to mental and physical diseases. Stress can create long-term damage by initiating an inflammatory state in the body, which can lead to chronic diseases such as depression and coronary artery disease.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding a natural mechanism cells use to protect themselves from stress, with potential applications for preventing motor nerve cell death. Up to 50% of nerve cell death could be prevented in mice with sciatic nerve injury using this approach.
Research at Ohio State University found that acute stress can significantly boost the immune system's response, with stressed animals showing a two-to-four times higher reaction to chemical or protein antigens. This effect was observed even after several weeks to months of re-exposure without further restraint.
A study found that patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) who have reduced cardiac output and blood volume may exhibit decreased left ventricular function. The researchers used nuclear ventriculography to assess the heart's functioning in CFS patients and healthy controls during exercise and postural stress.
Researchers found that individuals with two copies of the met form of the COMT gene had a more pronounced response to pain, while those with two copies of the val form reported less pain and fewer negative emotions. The study used PET brain imaging and controlled jaw pain to investigate the role of genetic variation in pain tolerance.
Researchers studied rapamycin's molecular action and found it blocks tumor-cell growth by triggering stress responses, stopping cell proliferation. The study identified a new type of gene regulation involving the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein.
Researchers found that pet owners had lower stress responses and fewer errors when completing mental arithmetic challenges with their pets present. In contrast, participants without pets showed higher stress levels and made more mistakes when alone or with friends/spouses.
A study published in Brain, Behavior and Immunity found that individuals experiencing cardiac reactors showed a greater immunologic response to stress, as measured by lymphocyte redistribution. This response may play a role in inflammatory diseases and heart attack.