Articles tagged with Tumor Cells
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by USC researchers identified a protein called EphB4 that protects tumor cells from the immune system. Turning off this protein could make cancer cells more vulnerable to attack, and future therapies may aim to block its function.
MIT researchers have discovered that tumor cells become aneuploid due to subtle errors in microtubule attachment. The study sheds light on the role of checkpoint proteins and their interaction with APC and EB1 molecules in maintaining normal cell division.
Blocking the conversion of glucose to lactate in mammary tumor cells impaired mitochondrial function and hindered tumor cell proliferation in low oxygen conditions. Alterations in glucose metabolism are linked with changes in mitochondrial physiology, highlighting LDH-A's critical role in tumor growth.
Apo2L/TRAIL, a new cancer drug, has shown activity in treating advanced cancers with minimal side effects. The agent selectively induces programmed cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells, offering hope for targeted treatment options.
A team of researchers from Munich discovered a cellular mechanism that protects against tumours by controlling the Bcl-3 oncogene. The study identified Cyld as a potential tumour suppressor, which can accumulate around the nucleus and prevent Bcl-3 from entering it.
The study found that pro-inflammatory cytokines increase positive regulators of IFNg production while shutting down negative regulators like TGFb, which lowers IFNg levels. This fine balance ensures healthy NK cell activity and prevents autoimmune diseases and cancer.
A team of researchers discovered that CYLD has a second role in controlling tumor growth by modifying the cancer-promoting protein Bcl-3. Mice lacking CYLD developed significantly more and larger skin tumors than normal mice, suggesting that CYLD plays a crucial role as a tumor suppressor.
The study found a triple interaction between CD44, hyaluronan, and LARG that initiates two molecular pathways causing tumor cell growth and migration. The complex can be used as a marker for potentially aggressive head-neck tumors and may lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting the PDZ domain of LARG.
Research suggests that a genetic mutation in the Arf gene can cause leukemias to resist Gleevec treatment, leading to aggressive disease progression. This finding may lead to new treatments that re-sensitize tumor cells to Gleevec therapies.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that a combination of the Bcr-Abl mutation and loss of both Arf genes in bone marrow cells triggers an aggressive form of ALL. Inactivating both Arf genes enables leukemic cells to multiply despite imatinib treatment, highlighting potential strategies for overcoming resistance.
Researchers find that growth factor SCF promotes tumor angiogenesis by interacting with normal neurons, leading to worsened prognosis in patients. Decreased SCF expression improves survival in mouse glioma models, highlighting the importance of considering normal cells in cancer treatment.
The Mayo Clinic research identifies a signaling mechanism by which natural killer cells initiate a toxic response against cancers and viruses. The discovery provides crucial information for designing therapies to stop, reverse or protect against cancer.
Researchers found that low-intensity electrical stimulation increased the uptake of doxorubicin in cancer cells, causing them to die even at low concentrations. This novel strategy could bypass multidrug resistance and enhance the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutic treatments.
A new molecule, ARC, has shown promise as a potential anticancer drug that selectively kills tumor cells without harming normal cells. The compound inhibits RNA synthesis in normal cells but induces cell death in cancer cells by blocking the cell cycle, making it an attractive alternative to existing drugs that can harm healthy tissue.
Researchers found that cells adapt to low oxygen conditions by inhibiting mitochondrial function and increasing the conversion of glucose to lactate. This active process, mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), helps protect tumor cells from death and may be targeted by cancer therapies.
Xencor's engineered antibody Fc variants show enhanced effector functions, killing tumor cells 10 times more toxic than conventional treatments. These advancements hold promise for developing next-generation antibody therapeutics.
Researchers have successfully used a gene therapy approach to deliver telomerase, an enzyme that lengthens cell lifespan, without causing tumors in human patients. The technique allows for the growth of blood vessels in patients with vascular disease, offering new treatment options.
Robert A. Weinberg's work on human oncogenes led to understanding cancer's mechanisms of invasion and progression. Angela M. Hartley Brodie developed aromatase inhibitors to prevent breast cancer recurrence in postmenopausal women.
A new MRI drug, mangafodipir, has been found to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy by increasing antitumoral activity while protecting normal cells from damage. The study suggests that mangafodipir may enhance the therapeutic index of anticancer agents and supports investigation into its use in cancer patients.
Researchers discovered that elastin fragments in mice lungs trigger emphysema. Additionally, a study found that pericyte dysfunction allows tumors to spread by forming leaky blood vessels. Another study identified female mice lacking IBP protein, which makes their T cells resistant to death and contributes to lupus-like disease.
UF researchers identified a gene called focal adhesion kinase (FAK) that produces an enzyme creating a protective barrier for cancer cells. Blocking this interaction with protein VEGFR-3 kills malignant cells. The findings open new avenues for improved cancer therapies.
The Tumor-Host Genomics project aims to understand the molecular and cellular interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. By developing advanced functional genomics instruments and technologies, researchers hope to identify new targets for anti-cancer therapy.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a novel lung-cancer tumor-suppressor gene, TCF21, which is silenced through DNA methylation. The study suggests that reactivating this gene may provide a new strategy for treating cancers, and the findings could lead to improved early detection methods for lung cancer.
Bcl-3 is activated by DNA damage and required for p53 control of Hdm2 gene expression. Constitutive Bcl-3 expression subverts normal p53 regulation, leading to oncogenic potential.
Researchers at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center have identified a crucial link between the CXCR4 receptor and the invasion of glioblastoma, a type of aggressive brain tumor. By inhibiting this receptor, experts hope to develop new treatments to prevent cancerous cells from spreading to other organs.
Tumor cells that border normal tissue exhibit distinct behavior, losing surface proteins and gaining the ability to dissolve matrix surrounding cells. This change signals activation of proteins allowing tumor cells to migrate, posing a risk for metastasis. The discovery highlights the importance of tumor environment in cancer progression.
Researchers found that combining trastuzumab, an antibody targeting HER2 protein, with immune-stimulating agents like IL-12 can activate the immune system to attack tumor cells more effectively. This combination may improve treatment outcomes for breast cancer patients.
Researchers have identified a gene called caspase 8 that plays a crucial role in preventing tumor cells from metastasizing, or spreading to distant sites. By activating this mechanism, the researchers aim to develop targeted therapies to halt the spread of neuroblastoma and possibly other cancers.
Researchers found that cancer cells can signal surrounding tissue cells to alter their molecular composition, promoting tumor growth and proliferation. The study suggests that cell mutations that promote cancer progression may arise in non-cancerous cells, indicating a need for broader anti-tumor therapies.
Columbia University researchers found that stem and progenitor cells are deficient in a quality control checkpoint, leading to chromosomal defects. This deficiency may explain how cancer stem cells arise from normal cells and acquire mutations that increase tumor malignancy.
Researchers found L1 in large quantities exclusively in aggressive colon cancer cells, enabling them to invade and metastasize more effectively. The discovery may have important implications for diagnosing colon cancer and designing new therapies.
Cancer cells hybridize with macrophages to exhibit traits such as migration and blood supply formation. The study provides new insights into metastasis, a process previously attributed to tumor cell fusion.
Researchers developed a treatment that targets glioblastoma cells using epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), eliminating tumors in mice implanted with human brain cancer cells. The therapy showed no evidence of recurrence and remained effective for over a year, offering new hope for GBM patients.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center successfully tested eliminating CD25-expressing regulatory T cells using immunotoxin DAB389IL-2. This strategy improved tumor-specific T cell responses in cancer patients, enhancing vaccine efficacy.
Researchers at UF have discovered a population of stem cells with characteristics of adult and embryonic stem cells in cultures derived from bone tumor biopsies. These findings suggest that osteosarcoma, a common bone malignancy in children, may be linked to primitive stem cells.
Researchers have developed an immune-boosting vaccine that combines with surgery and chemotherapy to treat pancreatic cancer. Early results show improved survival rates, surpassing previous studies, and the team hopes to refine the vaccine's targets through further analysis.
Researchers found that vasostatin, a protein gene incorporated into an adenovirus vector, effectively blocks the formation of new blood vessels and curbs tumour growth in mice with pancreatic cancer. This approach may represent a promising therapeutic option for malignancy with a poor prognosis.
A recent study at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that certain viral infections may cause cancer by fusing cells, leading to aneuploidy and potentially tumor formation. The researchers discovered that specific gene mutations in human cells can make them more susceptible to this process.
Researchers have discovered that sphingosine kinases SphK1 and SphK2 have opposing roles in regulating ceramide biosynthesis, with SphK2 potentially sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy. This finding may lead to the development of more effective chemotherapeutic agents targeting specific sphingosine kinase without affecting others.
Researchers have discovered a novel treatment target in the protein EphA2, which plays a major role in the progression of brain tumors. The inactive form of this protein aids in cancer cell survival and spread.
Researchers found that cells with double genomes are more prone to generating tumors in mice, and these tumors show genomic instability similar to many human cancers. Inaccurate chromosome segregation can also lead to the formation of tetraploid cells, which contribute to cancer development.
New research confirms a century-old theory that genetic instability caused by duplicate genomes can lead to tumor formation. The study found that cells with extra chromosomes and centrosomes are more likely to become malignant, making them vulnerable to certain cancer treatments.
A Penn research team found that Snail promotes breast cancer recurrence by inducing changes in tumor cell shape and gene expression. High Snail expression predicts rapid tumor recurrence in women treated for breast cancer.
Researchers at Temple University have found a link between the Rb2/P130 gene and lung cancer, with epigenetic activity causing the gene to be silenced. A simple genetic test could identify cancerous or pre-cancerous conditions using this epigenetic state.
eEF1A2 protein is moderately to highly expressed in two-thirds of breast tumor cells, with significant over-expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors. The protein's role in breast tumour development remains unclear, but may be related to its function in protein synthesis or cytoskeletal remodelling.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine identified unique patterns of immune cells in breast cancer patients' lymph nodes that predict clinical outcome and can identify tumor spread. The study found that immune changes within these lymph nodes predicted clinical outcome even better than their tumor invasion status.
Researchers have identified a new strategy to turn off the function of CD4+ regulatory T cells, which suppress immune responses to tumors and infectious diseases. This approach could lead to enhanced anti-tumor immunity and boost response to cancer vaccines.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine have discovered that two kinases, CaMKKα and CaMKKβ, can regulate AMPK independent of LKB1, potentially offering new opportunities for cancer treatment. This finding may also contribute to the development of treatments for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Researchers found that HIF-1 inhibition impacts tumor biology differently depending on the local environment, with proximal cells less affected. This study suggests optimizing HIF-1 blockade to maximize effects on vasculature and minimize effects on distal tumor cells.
Researchers discovered that tumor cells physically attach to a protein displayed on the surfaces of endothelial cells, triggering angiogenesis. The finding suggests a new anti-angiogenic strategy by blocking both secreted molecules and cell-to-cell contact.
Researchers found that tumor cells use jagged1 protein to interact with endothelial cells, prompting angiogenesis and tumor growth. This discovery could lead to a two-pronged approach to treat cancer by blocking protein secretion and cell contact.
Resistant tumor cells can be sensitized to ONYX-015 replication by inducing a heat shock response, which could greatly augment the therapy's clinical utility. This study suggests that clinical strategies focusing on tumor-selective replication would favor the use of ONYX-015.
Researchers found that tumor cells can stimulate blood vessel growth by activating the MAPK pathway and inducing Notch ligand Jagged1, which promotes formation of new vessels. This interplay between tumor cells and blood vessel cells supports tumor growth and progression.
Researchers found that cells with damaged DNA trigger a mechanism to signal natural killer cells, which attack and destroy cancerous cells. The immune system's ability to identify cancer cells is crucial in preventing tumor growth.
Increased expression of claudin-1 has been found in human primary colon carcinomas and metastases. Claudin-1's mislocalization is associated with higher levels of expression and increased metastatic behavior in colon cancer cells.
Researchers have identified a novel type of lung cell that can divide into fresh copies and specialized types, suggesting these cells may contribute to the development of most common lung cancers. The discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially more effective treatments for lung cancer.
Researchers found that a vaccine targeting TRP-2 improves chemotherapy sensitivity in brain tumors. The study showed significant improvements in patient survival and tumor response rates compared to conventional treatments.
Researchers discovered that EGFR interacts with STAT3 in the cell nucleus, leading to increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and a new transcriptional mechanism in human cancers. This interaction provides a potential target for anticancer therapies against EGFR, STAT3, and iNOS/NO.
Researchers study natural products that may prevent certain cancers. Propolis and turmeric, rich in plant polyphenolic compounds, exhibit potent antitumor activities, protecting mice against radiation-induced inflammation and rats against chemotherapy-induced heart muscle damage.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation has identified a new protein called SPARC that plays a crucial role in tumor therapy resistance. The researchers found that restoring SPARC expression in resistant cells improved their sensitivity to chemotherapy, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.