Articles tagged with Circuit Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of researchers has developed a framework to reduce energy consumption in data centers by up to several orders of magnitude compared to traditional technologies. The approach uses digital logic processes called AQFP and balances the estimation of power needed to process through the system with the energy that the system dissipates.
UC San Diego researchers develop a method to stabilize genetic circuits in microbes for extended periods, resetting the mutation clock and keeping the circuit running. This approach has significant implications for fields like cancer therapy, bioremediation, and protein production.
Researchers from University of Edinburgh and Pennsylvania State University have made a groundbreaking discovery using equations developed by James Clerk Maxwell, leading to the identification of Dyakonov-Voigt waves. These newly discovered waves have unique properties and could be used in biosensors and fibre optic circuits.
A research team developed the world's thinnest and lightest differential amplifier for bioinstrumentation, amplifying weak biosignals with reduced disturbance noise. The flexible organic amplifier can be attached to human skin without discomfort, enabling real-time long-term monitoring of electrocardiac signals.
Researchers developed a programmable device that integrates nanopores and optofluidic technology for controlling individual molecules and particles on a chip. The device enables selective analysis of target molecules from a mixture, allowing for high-throughput single-molecule analysis.
New research suggests that exosomes play a profound role in creating brain cells and circuits. The study found that exosomes can restore health to brain cells affected by developmental diseases, including Rett syndrome.
New research using fMRI data from 1,445 individuals reveals diverse brain regions involved in emotion identification, challenging previous studies that focused only on the amygdala.
A new study found that early and regular cannabis use by youth is associated with alterations in brain circuits that support cognitive control. Chronic cannabis use may lead to reduced activation in the frontostriatal circuits that govern cognitive control and conflict resolution.
Researchers at UTEP and UAlbany collaborate to study how brain circuits encode learned responses to fear in mammalian brains. They will track key biomarkers to create detailed maps of brain regions associated with fear conditioning, shedding light on the neural basis of anxiety and fear responses.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a way to catch and save Schrödinger's cat by predicting its quantum jumps. This breakthrough overturns cornerstone dogma in quantum physics and enables early warning systems for imminent jumps of artificial atoms containing quantum information.
Researcher Pat Levitt will investigate how genetic factors interact with early experiences to influence brain circuit development, with a focus on the MET receptor gene. The study aims to determine the brain cells dependent on proper MET function to form healthy connections.
Researchers at George Washington University are developing a non-invasive diagnostic tool for newborn brain injury using electroencephalography (EEG). The team, led by Matthew Colonnese, aims to improve the interpretation and understanding of EEG in neonates, both preterm and term.
A team of scientists at VIB and KU Leuven has discovered a key role for Prl-1 phosphatase in specifying the formation of neuronal circuits in the brain. The discovery, made using a genetic single-cell approach in fruit flies, sheds light on how complex brain patterns develop during early development.
A team at Politecnico di Milano has developed an electronic circuit that can solve systems of linear equations in a single operation, accelerating computing by orders of magnitude. The memristor-based circuit boasts superior performance to classical digital computers and even quantum computers, paving the way for AI breakthroughs.
Osaka University researchers developed an algorithm for numerical calculation of EM noise in electric circuits, reducing interference caused by transmission lines. The new method allows for more practical calculations and demonstrates the reduction of EM noise using symmetric 3-line configurations.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to transfer entire 2D circuits to any smooth surface, enabling the creation of atom-flat sensors that seamlessly integrate with devices. This breakthrough allows for the monitoring of performance without adding weight or hindering signal flow in optical fibers.
Scientists have developed a quantum circuit that demonstrates the advantage of quantum computers over classical systems. The new design exploits quantum physics' non-locality to solve complex problems efficiently. This breakthrough brings us closer to realizing near-term experimental realizations of quantum algorithms.
Researchers found that adult-like functional brain connections for emotional regulation emerge during the first year of life, predicting anxiety and emotional regulation in 4-year-olds. The growth of these brain circuits during the second year of life also predicted IQ at 4 years old.
A new study found that GM12371, a specific long non-coding RNA, controls expression of multiple genes involved in nervous system development and functioning. It affects the developing neurons' shape and ability to signal, highlighting the importance of long noncoding RNAs in brain cell growth and signaling.
Researchers at Rice University and the University of Houston created models to predict the output of custom-built genetic circuits, enabling unprecedented precision in programming microorganisms. The models can be used to design microbes for complex environments, such as the gut microbiome or soil, and improve the controllable manufact...
Researchers create a 'smart bandage' that wirelessly monitors heart signals, brain activity, eye movements, respiration, skin temperature, and body motion. The device can also be used to remotely control a robotic arm and lasts for over six months without performance drop.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has awarded fellowships to ten promising Latin American scientists for two years of biomedical research training in US labs. The fellows will work with prominent investigators and gain invaluable experience that will contribute to the resurgent scientific communities in their home countries.
Research reveals the potential for new brain treatments by targeting specific brain circuits. Lead author Elif Engin suggests that augmenting GABAA receptor activity could be useful in treating disorders like schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.
The Human Frontier Science Program has awarded $300,000 to 11 young researchers to support their frontier research projects. The recipients will return to their home countries or move to another member country to continue their work.
A team of biologists has deciphered the formation of motion-detecting neurons in the fly brain, revealing a complex process based on simple developmental rules. The discovery offers new insights into the fundamental processes governing neural circuit formation and could lead to new therapeutic advances for neurological disorders.
Researchers developed a new marriage of materials, combining ultrathin 2-D electronics with miniature particles to create microscopic machines. The devices have simple computing functions and can float in the air, allowing them to access environments they otherwise could not reach.
A new report describes a soft, flexible contact lens that monitors glucose levels in tears through wireless circuits, glucose sensors, and displays. The device can deliver real-time sensing results and alerts users if glucose levels are too high, offering potential for pre-diabetes screening and daily monitoring.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a novel metal printing method that produces flexible, stretchable electronics at reduced costs. The technique uses molten metal alloys with low melting points and is compatible with existing manufacturing systems.
The Data Science Institute has developed a method to tap into available RF-spectrum channels using energy-efficient sensors. This will enable future communication systems to flexibly share the spectrum, reducing strain on the finite resource.
Flavio Donato's research uncovered how neurons in the brain work together to form a highly functional organ. His novel strategy allowed him to label populations of neurons born at specific time points, enabling closer tracking of development among a crowd of neurons.
Dr. Mark Stockman's research aims to create wave-guiding effects without magnets, using rotating nano-laser fields instead. This innovation has potential applications in the optical telecommunications industry and could make transistors more resilient to radiation damage.
NICT achieved a world record for 53.3 Tb/s optical switching capacity in short-reach data-center networks using SDM and a high-speed spatial optical switch system. This breakthrough enables significant network efficiency improvements and reduced end-to-end energy consumption per bit compared to existing technologies.
Researchers at the University of Bristol discovered a family of proteins controlling brain connectivity through multiple checkpoints. This discovery could lead to new therapies targeting conditions like autism and epilepsy by regulating neuronal circuits.
Advanced neuroimaging techniques provide a basis for studying circuit-level abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. Recent large-scale research projects, including the Human Connectome Project, have focused on defining and mapping brain functional connections.
Researchers are developing a novel, non-invasive, infrared-light-based neuro-stimulation tool to map and image the effects of infrared light on the human brain. The goal is to modulate and improve brain waves and circuits, leading to potential improvements in memory and cognition.
Ryohei Yasuda, Scientific Director of MPFI, received the 2017 Nakaakira Tsukahara Memorial Prize for his groundbreaking work on synaptic plasticity. His research focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neural circuit function and memory formation.
Chandelier cells, a type of inhibitory interneuron, develop their connections differently than other neurons. Researchers found that only synapses on axon initial segments contain molecules, while the rest appear empty throughout development.
Scientists developed an algorithm to accurately identify multiple signals at multiple levels in the circuit to detect open-switch faults. The combination of the algorithm and artificial neural network can improve microgrid reliability, efficiency, and cost.
The article discusses how alterations in excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance can lead to various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and major depressive disorder. Restoring E/I balance is proposed as a potential therapeutic approach to alleviate dysfunctional neural activity and clinical symptoms.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in self-charging battery technology, enabling devices to harness and store energy using light. The technology has the potential to power portable devices such as phones indefinitely, eliminating the need for frequent recharging.
A specific class of inhibitory neurons plays a crucial role in encoding spatial information in the brain. The study found that these neurons, which are essential for maintaining precise maps of spatial information, become dysfunctional when they lack a protein called ErbB4, leading to alterations in spatial learning and memory.
Researchers at Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience developed iTango, a light-sensitive technique to visualize and manipulate neuromodulation. The technique allows for increased spatial and temporal precision, enabling the identification of specific neurons impacted by neuromodulation and control over behavior.
New insights reveal that inhibitory neurons contribute to finely-tuned networks in the cortex, linking together neurons with similar functional properties. This discovery raises important questions about how these connections are formed during development.
Researchers at Michigan State University have created a stretchable integrated circuit made entirely using an inkjet printer, enabling the potential for inexpensive mass production of smart fabric. The material can be produced on a standard printer and has applications in wearable electronics and soft robotics.
Researchers have successfully manipulated optogenetics and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to capture large-scale brain-wide neural activity propagation and interaction dynamics. The study revealed dynamic network wiring in the mammalian species, challenging previous assumptions about brain connectivity.
Recent research from the University of Maryland found that autism-related neural defects begin early in mammalian development, when key neurons form their first circuits. This study could lead to a stronger understanding of autism and possible early intervention strategies.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine found that mice reared in darkness show degraded dorsal stream responses, highlighting the importance of early visual experience for proper development. This discovery has implications for understanding vision restoration and recovery from bilateral cataracts.
Researchers found altered brain circuitry in premature infants as early as 24 weeks gestation, which may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders like autism and cerebral palsy. The study suggests that factors contributing to early birth may impact brain development in the womb.
The Journal of the Optical Society of America B published a special feature on nonlinear optics near the fundamental limit, covering second-order and third-order nonlinear interactions. Researchers studied molecular conjugation length for optimal performance in donor-acceptor molecules.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a significant improvement in brain implant technology, allowing for selective activation of targeted neurons. Microcoil implants generate magnetic fields that extend in specific directions, reducing the risk of activation of passing nerve fibers.
Researchers have developed a technique to remove unpaired electrons from superconducting quantum circuits, resulting in a three-fold improvement in qubit lifetime. This breakthrough has the potential to significantly improve the performance of quantum computers by reducing errors and increasing data storage time.
A study by NC State University researchers found that adult-born olfactory neurons play a crucial role in processing novel food odors, but not aversive odors. The researchers used chemogenetic methods to selectively silence these neurons and observed the impact on behavior.
Scripps Florida scientists have identified a specific signaling circuit in the brain involved in motor activity, which could lead to therapies for untreatable brain disorders. A protein interaction network helps control motor function by inhibiting dopamine signaling.
Researchers at Kazan University and INSERM discovered that spontaneous limb movements of newborn rats synchronize spinal neurons, hinting at similar movement patterns aiding human neuron development. The four-year study found activation of motor and sensor zones through sensory feedback during movements.
Scientists have identified a brain circuit in fruit flies that enables them to ignore protein deficiencies and transition into the pupal stage despite nutritional stress. This discovery has implications for understanding developmental regulation in insects and potential applications to mammalian physiology.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a new technique for compressing Galois field arithmetic operations, resulting in the world's most efficient AES cryptographic processing circuit. This breakthrough enables the use of encryption technology in IoT devices with tight energy constraints, enhancing safety and security.
Researchers from Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience developed a spatiotemporally controlled method to induce and visualize synapse formation in cortical neurons. The study reveals that GABA is the common molecule setting the balance between inhibitory and excitatory synaptic contacts in early postnatal stages.
Scientists with Berkeley Lab developed a way to chemically assemble transistors and circuits that are only a few atoms thick, yielding functional structures large enough for real-world applications. This breakthrough helps pave the way for scalable and repeatable atomic electronics or more computing power in smaller areas.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University identified brain cells associated with auditory memory in zebra finches, revealing a potential key to understanding human speech development. The study found that these cells respond selectively to the tutor's song and are essential for learning and remembering complex songs.
High-frequency piezoelectric resonators can now be used in phase locked loops (PLL) with low noise and excellent Figure of Merit (FoM), resolving issues with resonance frequency variance and temperature dependability. This technology enables compact, low-cost, high-speed radio communication systems for the IoT age.