Articles tagged with Human Development
Two new genes, Abcg5 and Abcg8, play a critical role in cholesterol secretion into the bile, essential for maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Disrupting these genes can lead to increased plasma levels of cholesterol and plant sterols, associated with premature heart disease.
A study published in the journal Appetite found that energy density labels do not lead to increased food intake among normal-weight women. The research suggests that people take the same portion sizes regardless of calorie content, making it easier for manufacturers and restaurants to create healthier products.
A five-year project will study the effects of rural life on children's development, focusing on competence, family factors, and community characteristics. The study will follow over 1,400 subjects from selected rural counties in North Carolina and Pennsylvania.
A new study reveals that plant extinction rates are significantly higher than previously thought, with California playing a significant role. The researchers used data on native plant species in California to find that contiguous human development can lead to the loss of entire species.
A Global Development Organisation is necessary to overcome barriers to global development, including fragmentation, strategic incoherence, and resource overconsumption. The organisation would aim to set standards for best practice, avoid duplication of work, and hold institutions accountable for their impact on development.
A new study conducted in New Zealand found no increased risk of prostate cancer among men who had undergone vasectomy. The study, which interviewed over 2,200 men, suggests that vasectomy does not pose a biological risk for prostate cancer.
Researchers found two genes associated with human cancer play a central role in orienting cells towards chemical cues. They discovered that PI3K acts as an internal compass and steering mechanism, allowing cells to move efficiently towards chemical attractants.
Women with irregular periods are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis later in life, according to a recent study. The research found that nearly all women with premature ovarian failure reported changes in their menstrual cycle, highlighting the importance of early evaluation and treatment.
Scientists have discovered that Dlx genes are required for normal mammalian limb development, suggesting homologous genes are responsible for the development of human limbs. The study also identifies two genes, Dlx5 and Dlx6, as candidate genes for split-hand/split-foot malformation (SHFM), a devastating congenital disorder.
Researchers found that 5-month-old infants can determine the number of collective entities, moving groups of items, when non-numerical factors are controlled. This suggests that infants can represent numbers and perform simple arithmetic operations, challenging existing theories about mathematical knowledge development.
Researchers have identified a human gene that appears to be the counterpart to the mouse Mater gene, essential for fertilized egg development. The discovery may lead to new approaches in studying and treating female infertility, as well as understanding the role of the immune system in premature ovarian failure.
Researchers found that talking daily with children about their school activities can significantly improve reading and math scores. The study also highlights the importance of fathers' roles in education, suggesting that more involvement can help overcome barriers such as limited resources and cultural differences.
Teenagers are more likely to drive safely when their parents set restrictions and monitor their activities. The study found that adolescents who lack self-control or engage in deviant behaviors are at a higher risk of driving dangerously.
Research on fruit flies reveals Rac genes control axon growth, guidance and branching in the human brain. The study suggests that large amounts of Rac GTPase protein are needed for proper branching, while less is required for growth.
Christy Comeaux, a Johns Hopkins University undergraduate, is studying the genetics of fruit flies to understand human organ development. She has made key discoveries about how genes work in humans and how cells position themselves within organs.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found a remote control mechanism that sets human growth hormone into action, operating from 15 kilobases away. This discovery could lead to an eventual gene therapy for type of dwarfism resulting from pituitary gland's inability to manufacture hGH.
Researchers found that a modern human-like growth period in humans is a relatively recent evolutionary acquisition, arising around 120,000 years ago. The analysis of fossil teeth suggests that the prolonged growth and development seen in humans today is not as old as previously thought.
Researchers are using innovative noninvasive techniques to study the developing central nervous system in early iron deficiency, which affects brain development and behavior. The study aims to understand the ties between the brain and behavior, with potential implications for creating more effective interventions.
Researchers suggest that mechanical forces play a crucial role in shaping the developing heart, which could help scientists better understand heart defects. By studying the bending and rotation of chicken embryos, researchers have found that cellular contraction is driven by at least two different mechanical forces.
A new mathematical model developed by Cornell University researchers predicts brain development milestones in mammals, including humans. The model accurately predicted post-conception time of neural events in rats, mice, and monkeys, but revealed discrepancies for human infants and primates.
Research published in Human Reproduction has shown that ovarian stimulation impairs embryo development and implantation in mice. Only 12% of embryos from superovulated mice implanted compared to 25% from control donors, highlighting adverse effects on both quality and fetal development.
Researchers have successfully cloned a female adult cell and reset its developmental clock, resetting X-inactivation. The study provides the first molecular evidence for the egg's ability to reprogram an adult cell back to its embryonic state.
The Digital Childhood conference explores how interactive technologies influence child development, aiming to promote healthy growth and development. Experts in cognitive, social, and emotional child development will discuss the benefits and risks of technology engagement for children.
Researchers have demonstrated that human fetuses can hear by the eighth month of pregnancy, with cardiac and motor responses to computer-generated white noise detected at around 30 weeks. The study's findings suggest that the fetus's auditory system is developed enough to detect sound, but the exact nature and impact of this experience...
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Children's Center study 14 women with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS), finding they can experience good libido and normal sexual activity without sensitivity to androgens. The study challenges current ideas about hormone-to-behavior interactions in humans.
A new IIASA report examines Namibia's population growth, environment, and development, providing a comprehensive understanding of the country's challenges and opportunities. The study highlights the importance of sustainable human development and explores alternative policy scenarios for Namibia's future.
Researchers have sequenced a large segment of the mouse t-complex, identifying 11 nearly overlapping genes, six of which are previously undiscovered. These genes appear to be active in early embryonic development, suggesting that entire regions may turn on and off together as part of developmental choreography.
Zebrafish have revolutionized the study of brain development, revealing new genes that control the formation of nerve cells and the backbone. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding human diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and spina bifida, which may be linked to incomplete embryonic development.
A study published in The Quarterly Review of Biology suggests that morning sickness serves a beneficial function, shielding the mother and fetus from harmful foods and chemicals. Women who experience morning sickness are less likely to miscarry than those who do not, and their aversion to certain foods peaks during the first trimester.
Men who live with their biological children are more involved in community organizations and connected to family members through phone calls and visits. They also take the good provider role seriously and invest more hours in work and career than non-fathers and fathers of adult children.
A study funded by the NIH found that adding DHA and AA to infant formula boosted average intelligence scores in 18-month-old children. The study showed significant differences in mental development indexes between groups receiving different formula types, with the highest scores seen in those receiving formula with both DHA and AA.
Experts discuss the impact of brain development research on child development and public policy, particularly day care, at a symposium hosted by Temple University. The forum explores serious implications of John Bruer's book, citing lack of data to support the 'zero to three' theory.
Researchers found that a brief deprivation of vitamin A in developing chicken embryos can generate severe craniofacial deformities, which could be reversed with targeted protein treatments. The study suggests that carefully timed protein therapies in human fetuses might repair cleft palate and other birth defects.
Researchers discovered that mouse embryos have an organizational structure in the inner cell mass, predicting spatial patterning later on. This finding provides a new understanding of how mammals develop their bodies and may lead to advances in regulating embryonic stem cell differentiation.
Researchers at the University of Utah have discovered a naturally-occurring antibody that significantly reduces diabetic symptoms in mice. The study's findings suggest that masking the foreign nature of affected cells may prevent immunological processes that cause diabetes. Eighty percent of treated mice did not develop diabetic symptoms.
A new report from Dr. Anthony-Samuel LaMantia suggests a possible neuro-developmental theory of schizophrenia linked to altered brain development during the first three months of pregnancy. Abnormalities in retinoic acid signaling pathways may contribute to the development of schizophrenia.
A team of scientists, led by Deborah J. Good, has identified a gene called SIL that governs the formation of the left-right body axis during embryonic development. The gene is believed to be crucial in the correct placement of organs such as the heart within the developing organism.
Researchers at NICHD discovered a gene, Lhx5, that controls the development of the hippocampus, a brain structure critical for learning and memory. The gene's inactivation leads to a malformed brain structure, highlighting its importance in complex brain function.
Scientists identified a new gene called derrière that controls the formation of the posterior regions of the embryo, including the neural tube and muscles. Derrière plays a key role in inducing precursor tissues that will eventually form muscle, making it a potential target for regenerating muscle in wasting diseases.
Researchers at Cornell University found that infants' cycles of motor activity can help them 'visually forage' their environment. The study uses mathematical models to simulate infant behavior, revealing a pattern where motor activity peaks before visual attention disengages.
A UCSF neurologist argues that children require unique treatments for brain disorders, as their developing brains are not miniature versions of adult brains. Researchers need more information about what goes wrong in childhood neurological disorders to develop targeted therapies.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have derived and cultured human embryonic stem cells, opening doors to growing tissues from scratch. The achievement has profound implications for transplant medicine and drug discovery, offering new possibilities for treating diseases such as Parkinson's and heart disease.
Researchers at Penn State will investigate individual variation in health among African American twin pairs aged 65, exploring the role of genetics and environment. The five-year study aims to gain insight into aging in this population, which has experienced different environmental influences than other groups.
A recent study led by Professor Susan Fisher of the University of California at San Francisco found that low oxygen levels regulate cell proliferation in early pregnancy, controlling placental development. The team also discovered a process similar to cancerous growth occurs when cells invade healthy tissue under low-oxygen conditions.
Research by Cybele Raver found that children whose parents actively directed their visual attention spent more time distracting themselves away from a source of distress. These strategies are indicative of social competence and lead to better relationships with peers.