Articles tagged with Human Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers develop gene therapy approach to target Factor VIII in hemophilia A mice, reducing disease symptoms. L-Asparaginase degradation mechanism also uncovered, with potential for optimizing treatment.
The University of Texas at San Antonio has awarded funding to nine new faculty research projects, valued at approximately $242,000. These initiatives focus on diverse areas such as health, energy, and sustainability.
The SIESTA II project aims to understand the role of parenting in infant sleep development, exploring how parents' emotional availability affects their child's sleep quality. The study will investigate how consistent bedtime rituals, parental support, and stress levels impact infant sleep habits.
The study found that miR-196a promotes the metastasis of tumors by activating oncogenic pathways, leading to increased lung metastases in animal models. Additionally, high levels of miR-196a were associated with poor patient survival in pancreatic cancer patients.
Researchers investigate how work-related stress affects family life, assessing stress levels through saliva samples and daily diaries. The study aims to improve the physical and psychological well-being of managers, employees, and their families.
A humanized mouse infected with HIV has enabled researchers to test antiviral protection against AIDS. The study shows that pre-exposure treatment and post-exposure treatment can prevent both vaginal and rectal transmission of the virus.
Researchers found that comparing different solution methods enhances students' understanding of math concepts and improves their flexibility in solving equations. This approach is more effective than comparing problems solved using the same method.
A groundbreaking study at Brandeis University has shed light on a crucial step in the complex process of genetic encoding for the first time. The researchers report that they were able to crystallize a large complex of a macromolecular machine in the human cell and determine its structure, zeroing in on the process of RNA splicing.
Threats to Palestinian life and well-being have intensified since 2000, including killings, injuries, and destruction of homes and properties. Access to basic services like fuel, electricity, water, and sanitation is disrupted by Israeli restrictions and military incursions.
A sovereign Palestinian state is crucial for developing the ailing health system in the occupied Palestinian territory. The best-case scenario includes creating a self-governing entity that can provide core public services and funding for vulnerable groups.
Researchers will analyze stress levels and maternal behavior in wild chimpanzees to shed light on human infant development and health. The five-year study aims to identify stressors of female chimpanzees and their impact on offspring stress, health, and development.
Preschool children with secure mother-child attachments form closer friendships due to their positive understanding of others and open emotional communication. Open emotional communication also predicts fewer hostile attributions and greater teacher-reported friendship quality.
A therapy developed at UC Irvine will become the world's first embryonic stem cell treatment tested in humans, targeting patients with acute spinal cord injury. The U.S. FDA has approved a clinical trial led by Geron Corp., which aims to restore electrical conduction and mobility in paralyzed individuals.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that mice exposed to low temperatures develop more blood vessels in adipose tissue, leading to faster fat metabolism. This discovery offers new therapeutic avenues for obesity and metabolic diseases.
Thomson's discovery of human embryonic stem cells and development of induced pluripotent stem cells launched the field of stem cell science. His work has the potential to help find the root cause of disease, test new drugs at the human cellular level, and offer regenerative therapies.
A study published in PLOS Biology reveals the molecular structure of COUP-TFII, a nuclear receptor regulating gene expression in cells. The findings suggest potential drug targets for diseases related to heart development, human embryonic development and female infertility.
Researchers identified a genetic contributor to fundamental morphological differences between humans and apes, finding that changes in 'junk DNA' activated genes in primordial thumb and big toe in developing mouse embryos. This study suggests non-coding regions of the genome play a crucial role in human development.
Researchers have created the first outline of aortic arch development and identified the role of the gene unc45a in forming AVMs. The study provides new understanding into how these congenital circulatory defects develop, shedding light on genetic and physiological factors that contribute to their formation.
A new Penn State study found that a variety of recruitment strategies are used to recruit and retain older workers, including employee incentives and flexible work schedules. Employers can benefit from tapping into the experience and knowledge of baby boomers and other older workers.
Dr. Dennis Scanlon will evaluate the impact of 'Aligning Forces for Quality' in 14 US communities, focusing on chronic illness care and hospital processes. The initiative aims to improve healthcare quality, reduce racial disparities, and provide models for national reform.
A new study by the University of Michigan suggests that extra iron for infants who don't need it may delay their cognitive and visual-motor development. The study found that 5% of Chilean infants with high hemoglobin levels at 6 months showed poorer outcomes in IQ, visual-motor integration, and other measures.
The Miami Youth Development Project is a community-supported program that targets risky behaviors while promoting positive self-development. The research draws on Developmental Intervention Science, which aims to promote both short-term and long-term life course changes.
A study published in Child Development found that mother-child attachment security is linked to conflict resolution, while children's temperament affects the frequency and quality of conflict. Researchers observed 60 mothers and their 2-year-olds in lab visits and home visits, analyzing conflict patterns and outcomes.
The NIH is launching a new initiative in epigenomics, a field that studies how genes are regulated, to better understand the role of environment in health and disease. The program aims to coordinate reference epigenome maps, evaluate epigenetic mechanisms, and develop new technologies for analysis.
A recent study published in BMC International Health and Human Rights found that the health and social conditions of indigenous peoples have improved faster than those of non-indigenous populations in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. However, the gap widened in Australia during the 1990s.
A Cornell University study found that trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD or depression exhibit persistent differences in stress response, including lower cortisol levels and prolonged negative moods.
A study by UC Irvine researchers has revealed how human embryos regulate levels of retinoic acid, a derivative of Vitamin A, to avoid birth defects. The study found that cells regulate retinoic acid within a certain range, using enzymes and proteins to maintain optimal levels.
A team of Dartmouth Medical School researchers found that low doses of arsenic disrupt the activity of hormone receptors critical in development, highlighting the potential harm of arsenic at levels found in U.S. drinking water. The study's findings provide evidence for mitigating arsenic's impact on human health.
The American Dietetic Association's November issue explores the effects of poverty on human development, highlighting barriers to accessing fruits and vegetables. Researchers found that low-income families face significant cost challenges in meeting daily recommended fruit and vegetable intake.
The World Health Organization has launched a global patient safety challenge to combat healthcare-associated infection in developing countries. The initiative aims to improve hand hygiene practices and reduce morbidity and mortality due to healthcare-associated infection.
The Council of Science Editors has organized a Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development, with contributions from Mary Ann Liebert journals. Research papers discuss HIV/AIDS treatment, breastfeeding as a solution to poverty, and the social responsibility of naturopathic physicians in addressing human development.
More than 200 medical and scientific journals are publishing articles on poverty and human development to address this critically important global topic. The studies will focus on targeting funding and programs for the poor, as well as health effects of declining income and innovation in global health.
AIDS Patient Care and STDs has been selected as one of seven papers presented orally at the NIH Launch of the Council of Science Editors' Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development. The paper explores the importance of human resources for treating HIV/AIDS, highlighting gaps in needs assessment and capacity building.
A study found that care provided by nurses and clinicians in primary health care settings can lead to good outcomes for HIV-infected children in Africa. Children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) showed significant improvements in CD4 cell status, weight gain, and hemoglobin concentration.
A community-based trial in Uttar Pradesh, India found that disseminating information on entitled services improved the delivery of pre-natal care, infant vaccinations, and village council meetings. The intervention resulted in significant improvements, while control villages showed little change or worsening outcomes.
Interventions prioritizing nutrition, clean water, sanitation, and household fuels can reduce child mortality by 14-31% in Latin America, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Implementing these interventions primarily for the poor would have larger benefits, closing up to 48% of regional gaps towards the MDG target.
A recent global surgical mission successfully treated 39 Zimbabwean children with cleft lip and palate without complications. The key to effective care lies in training and continuing education of local physicians, a crucial step towards improving the socioeconomic conditions in Zimbabwe.
The UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities is leading a nationwide project to assess the effects of environmental and genetic factors on children's health. The National Children's Study will follow 100,000 children from birth to age 21 to prevent and treat pressing health problems like autism, diabetes, and obesity.
Researchers identify fundamental brain defect in fragile X syndrome and find a potential drug target using a therapy that reverses the effects of the mutation. The discovery could lead to human therapies for this previously untreatable condition.
A new study from Vanderbilt University predicts the future career path of gifted youth can be identified by their performance on the SAT at age 13. The study found significant differences in creative and career paths among individuals with different ability patterns on the math and verbal portions of the test.
Researchers at UC Davis found that 3- and 4-year-olds can think about their own thinking, using pictures to communicate uncertainty. This suggests that young children are more introspective than previously thought, with implications for human development and traits.
Young children (4-10 years) improve their ability to describe past events with age, using references to clock times and calendar. Older children can recall specific dates and sequence of events.
A new study by Iowa State University researchers found that wives exhibit greater situational power and domineering behaviors during problem-solving discussions in marriage. The study of 72 married couples revealed that wives were more likely to draw favorable responses from their husbands, indicating a healthy marriage dynamic.
Research by Dr. Paul Fowler reveals that low doses of environmental chemicals can disturb the development of ovaries in female sheep fetuses, leading to protein abnormalities and reduced egg production.
Researchers study retinoic acid-induced craniofacial malformations in mouse embryos to uncover the underlying mechanisms. They observe that these defects can transform into jaw apparatus structures resembling those found in other species, suggesting a common regulatory signaling mechanism governing jaw development across evolution.
Researchers have developed fully human antibodies that effectively control malaria in mice, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for the disease. The study's findings suggest that these novel reagents could be used as a test for therapeutic antibody efficacy and an important tool in malaria vaccine development.
A Penn State study tracked youth's attitudes for most of the school age and adolescent years, finding varying patterns of change according to gender, birth order, and parent influences. Most youth became less traditional over time, but firstborn boys with brothers and traditional parents remained more traditional.
A longitudinal study found that young people's gender attitudes develop in response to various factors, such as family composition, parental values, and sibling relationships. Most youth become less traditional over time, but certain groups, like first-born boys with brothers and traditional parents, exhibit more conservative attitudes.
The Peabody Treatment Progress Battery (PTPB) provides ongoing feedback to service providers, enabling mid-course treatment corrections. It assesses process and outcomes of treatment services across multiple domains and perspectives.
A Penn State study found that decreasing calorie density of foods with added veggies leads to reduced calorie intake and increased veggie consumption in children. Parents can try this strategy to combat childhood obesity and encourage healthy eating habits.
A team of researchers at the Burnham Institute will investigate neuron-glia communication in development, with a focus on demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The five-year study aims to resolve how glial cells function in the normal brain and provide new insights into the mechanisms of demyelinating diseases.
A new study finds that self-regulation abilities, particularly inhibitory control, are uniquely related to emerging math and literacy ability in kindergarten. Developing self-regulation skills is crucial for children's academic success, especially those from low-income homes.
A new study found that boys tend to specialize in areas where they excel, while girls often perform well across various subjects. As children age, their interest and perceived abilities in different areas become more aligned.
Research suggests that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids can have deleterious effects on newborns, impairing growth, glucose regulation, and cortisol production. High levels of dexamethasone impaired postnatal development, leading to increased blood pressure and changes in cardiometabolic function.
The Kirk A. Landon-AACR Prize for Basic Cancer Research recognizes Dr. Richard Kolodner for his work on DNA mismatch repair and its connection to human cancer. The Dorothy P. Landon-AACR Prize for Translational Cancer Research honors Douglas Lowy and John Schiller for their development of the human papillomavirus vaccine.
A fossil juvenile from Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, dated to approximately 160,000 years ago, showed a modern human life history profile at almost 8 years of age. This finding suggests that prolonged childhood development may be linked to the origins of social and biological changes.
A genetic variant of a brain receptor increases the stimulating effects of early alcohol exposure and boosts alcohol consumption. Monkeys with this gene showed enhanced pleasurable effects from alcohol, consuming more and becoming intoxicated more frequently than others.
Researchers at UT-Houston's Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine have developed a new procedure to differentiate human embryonic stem cells into alveolar epithelial type II cells, also known as the 'stem cells of the lungs'. These cells can potentially be used to treat pulmonary genetic diseases and lung trauma.
A group of 10 scientists will help increase public awareness and understanding of environmental health science. They will assist in identifying important new research findings about environment and health, and translate them into accessible articles for working reporters and the broader public.
The Worldmapper project creates cartograms that rescale the size of territories according to various values like public health spending, malaria cases, HIV prevalence, and number of physicians. These interactive maps foster new perspectives on global health inequalities, emphasizing the need for action.