Three bacterial genomes found lurking inside recently sequenced fruit fly genomes
A team led by Steven L. Salzberg and Michael B. Eisen found three new Wolbachia species in the Drosophila genome database, including Wolbachia wAna, wSim, and wMoj.
Bacterial Genomes
Articles tagged with Bacterial Genomes
Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer
The E. histolytica genome sequence shows a degraded core genome with retained and expanded gene families characteristic of more complex organisms. This study provides insights into the amoeba's unusual shared biology with anaerobic gut bacteria, shedding light on its metabolic processes and potential drug targets.
New species from old data
Researchers have discovered three new bacterial species, Wolbachia wAna, wSim, and wMoj, in the genomes of Drosophila fruit flies. The discovery was made by scanning raw genomic data from the Trace Archive, a public repository of sequencing projects.
Sequencing of marine bacterium will help study of cell communication
The genome sequence of V. fischeri reveals surprising parallels with Vibrio cholerae and other pathogens, indicating toxin activity genes. The research sheds light on the connection between quorum sensing and global regulatory networks in bacterial cell communication.
Scientists decipher genome of bacterium that helps clean up major groundwater pollutants
Researchers have completed the first complete genome sequence of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes, a bacterium that dechlorinates major groundwater pollutants. The study reveals the microbe's unique metabolic capabilities, including 19 reductive dehalogenases and five hydrogenase complexes.
Genome comparison of four campylobacter strains yields new genetic markers and clues to virulence
The study compared the complete genome sequences of four Campylobacter strains, identifying novel phages and megaplasmids that may help scientists understand the bacteria's virulence. The analysis also revealed sequence variations among the strains, including major structural differences related to DNA insertions.
Microbe's genome promises insight into Earth's carbon and sulfur cycling
The sequencing of S. pomeroyi, an ocean bacterium, provides valuable tools to understand its functions and impact on the atmosphere. Early investigation reveals 4,283 regions in the genome that predict protein synthesis and cellular machinery.
Microbe's genome reveals insights into ocean ecology
The study of Silicibacter pomeroyi's genome reveals that marine bacterioplankton use inorganic compounds for energy, enabling efficient carbon use in low-nutrient oceans. The research also shows the microbe's adaptability to ocean hot spots, rich areas of organic matter.
UGA scientist Moran receives $2.6 million from Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for marine research
Dr. Moran's research focuses on the ecology and diversity of coastal bacteria, which influence sulfur emissions, carbon storage, and energy acquisition in marine surface waters and coastal marshes. The award supports her investigation into these processes, shedding light on global climate regulation.
Environmental decontamination, greenhouse gases, and the genome of a methane-loving bacterium
A multidisciplinary team reports the first complete genome sequence of Methylococcus capsulatus, a methane-loving bacterium that can consume methane and produce protein. The genome provides insights into methanotroph biology and its potential for bioremediation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and degrading pollutants.
Scientists explore genome of methane-breathing microbe
The study reveals that methanotrophs, including M. capsulatus, have multiple pathways for using methane and can respond to environmental changes by switching between different chemical pathways. This flexibility could make them a valuable tool for reducing methane emissions.
Scientists decipher genetic code of biothreat pathogen
Researchers have cracked the genetic code of B. mallei, a highly evolved pathogen that causes glanders, an infectious equine disease. The study reveals a tightly regulated set of virulence genes and genomic instability, which may explain why B. mallei can evade host immune responses.
SourceThe Institute for Genomic Research·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 20, 2004
Complex cells likely arose from combination of bacterial and extreme-microbe genomes
Researchers analyzed and compared the genomes of 30 microorganisms, finding that two ancient prokaryotes combined their genomes to form the first eukaryote. This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary pathways of life, suggesting a 'ring of life' where eukaryotes originated from bacterial and extreme-microbe ancestors.
Researchers improve detection of diverse anthrax strains
The study uses nearly 1000 SNPs to define the genetic and evolutionary types of several anthrax isolates, providing a critical step toward future detection of this potential public threat. The results also establish a model for other biothreat pathogens and common public health-related diseases.
SourceThe Translational Genomics Research Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 30, 2004
Genome-wide analysis provides detailed understanding of flesh-eating bacteria epidemics
A new study provides detailed insights into the genetic diversity of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) strains, revealing why some rapidly expand to cause epidemics. The research reveals previously unknown genetic distinctions in M3 strains of GAS.
SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 26, 2004
Are bacteria turning our own weapons against us?
Researchers discovered that bacteria have acquired a gene from animal immune systems, allowing them to evade host defenses. This finding has significant implications for vaccine development and our understanding of bacterial evolution.
Campbell to receive American Society for Microbiology lifetime achievement award
Campbell's groundbreaking research on bacteriophage lambda paved the way for studies on site-specific recombination and genome manipulation. His work has significantly advanced our understanding of microbial population dynamics and genome evolution.
Campbell wins 2004 Abbott-ASM Lifetime Achievement Award
Campbell's work on bacteriophage lambda demonstrated the relationship between its genome and host, leading to key findings in genetic and biochemical studies of site-specific recombination. His extensive contributions also include discovery of nonsense mutations, bacterial gene regulation, and microbial population dynamics research.
Decoding a sulfate-breathing bug
Researchers have decoded the genome of Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a microbe responsible for microbially-influenced corrosion. The analysis provides insights into the microbe's capacity and flexibility to reduce metals, potentially leading to new methods for preventing corrosion and remediating metallic pollutants.
A new spin on spirochetes
Researchers have discovered profound differences in the gene content of T. denticola, an oral pathogen associated with gum disease, compared to other spirochetes that cause syphilis and Lyme disease. The study's findings highlight the power of comparative genomics in understanding how related pathogens can cause different diseases.
SourceThe Institute for Genomic Research·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 29, 2004
'Library on a Slide': Whole genome microarrays for comparative genomics
Researchers developed 'Library on a Slide' technique to compare bacterial genomes, allowing for efficient identification of genes associated with biological processes. The method involves printing genomic DNA at high density onto a glass slide and uses fluorescently labelled probes to detect target genes.
'Male-killer' bacterium's genome is deciphered
Researchers have sequenced the complete genome of Wolbachia pipientis, a parasitic bacterium that targets male hosts, providing new insights into its biology and evolution. The discovery has potential applications in controlling insect pests and human/animal filariasis.
'Male-targeting' bacterium's genome is deciphered
Scientists have deciphered the genome of Wolbachia pientis wMel, a model bacterium that infects fruit flies. The study reveals the bacterium has accumulated more repetitive DNA than any other intracellular bacteria, with potential applications in developing new treatments for diseases such as dengue fever and lymphatic filariasis.
Microbial biofilm yields community genomes, metabolic clues
A team of researchers found nearly complete genomes of two organisms in a microbial community from a hot, acidic solution, revealing clues about metabolic activity and speciation. The study sheds light on how bacteria function collectively in acid-adapted environments.
Scientists report first sequencing of environmental genome
Researchers at UC Berkeley have sequenced the genomes of the most abundant members of a community of organisms in an abandoned mine, revealing four previously unknown genomes. This breakthrough in environmental genomics opens up new avenues for understanding microbial interactions and has significant implications for addressing acid mi...
A killer microbe as a living antibiotic
Researchers have unraveled the complete genome sequence of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a predatory bacterium that can degrade complex biopolymers in other bacteria. The study may lead to novel anti-microbial substances and the development of a 'living antibiotic' as a potential therapeutic agent.
Scientists discover how anthrax creates its deadly spores
Researchers have identified key genes and proteins involved in anthrax spore formation, revealing a complex process that involves the production of over 750 individual proteins. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular biology of anthrax and could lead to new vaccines and treatments.
Tools from the Human Genome Project reveal a versatile microbe
The genome sequence of Rhodopseudomonas palustris reveals its metabolic versatility, including ability to produce hydrogen and degrade toxic compounds. The bacteria's unique genetic capabilities make it a promising candidate for biotechnology applications, such as biofuel production.
Scientists decipher genome of bacterium that remediates uranium contamination, generates electricity
Researchers have deciphered the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a microbe that can remove dissolved uranium from groundwater and generate electricity. The study reveals new capabilities, including enhanced electron transport and metal reduction genes.
Scientists decode DNA of bacterium that cleans up uranium contamination and generates electricity
Researchers have decoded the genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a microorganism that can clean up uranium contamination by precipitating radionuclides and metals from groundwater. The discovery opens up new strategies for bioremediation and the potential to generate electricity through bio-batteries.
A new hypothesis on the origin of 'junk' DNA
A new hypothesis on the origin of 'junk' DNA proposes that smaller population sizes in eukaryotes lead to a weakening of natural selection's potency, allowing extraneous genetic sequences to accumulate. This theory suggests that genetic drift is responsible for preserving junk DNA and other extraneous genetic sequences in organisms.
Advance in developing biological strategies to produce hydrogen and sequester carbon dioxide
Scientists have successfully synthesized a bacteriophage genome, paving the way for larger microbes to consume CO2 and pollutants. The Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives aims to harness microbiomes to produce fuels and reduce atmospheric carbon emissions.
SourceDOE/US Department of Energy·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 13, 2003
U of Minnesota receives NSF grant to sequence bacterial genome
The University of Minnesota has received a grant to sequence the complete genome of Arthrobacter aurescens, a soil bacterium that can break down environmental pollutants. The project aims to gain tools, such as genes and enzymes, to clean up contaminated environments.
Bacterial relationships revealed
A new approach to analyzing bacterial genomes has enabled the reconstruction of evolutionary events and the diversification of bacterial species over a billion years. This method uses gene indicators to chart the structure and substance of genomes, providing valuable insights into genomic evolution.
Genome sequence for tomato-infecting microbe may show how bacteria adapt to plant defenses
The sequenced genome of Pseudomonas syringae provides a blueprint for understanding its virulence and pathogenesis, shedding light on the complex mechanisms behind bacterial disease
SourceU.S. National Science Foundation·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 18, 2003
Leading bacterial pathogen is sequenced
The sequencing of Pseudomonas syringae genome will help scientists understand how bacteria adapt to host organisms, enabling the development of new therapies. The genome also reveals commonalities between plant and animal pathogens.
UC Riverside geneticist awarded $2.4 million grant by the National Science Foundation
A team led by UC Riverside geneticist Dr. Close will deliver advanced information and material resources for barley genomics, aiming to make the barley genome accessible to everyone. The four-year project focuses on accessing expressed genes in Triticeae genomes using reliable methods.
Anthrax: 'A soil bug gone bad'
Researchers have deciphered the genome of Bacillus anthracis, a deadly soil bacterium that has been weaponized as a biowarfare agent. The analysis reveals that the bacterium's virulence is linked to specific genes and plasmids that enable it to thrive in environments rich in protein.
Anthrax genome decoded
Researchers from The Institute of Genomic Research sequenced B. anthracis genome to improve vaccine design and drug development. Despite similarities with closely related bacteria, the study found unique genes giving B. anthracis its ability to thrive on protein-rich matter.
Study sheds light on Chlamydial pathogens
A new study by The Institute for Genomic Research found close similarity among the DNA sequences of Chlamydiae pathogens, including C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. muridarum, which cause human diseases such as blindness and pneumonia. Nearly 800 genes discovered in C. caviae were also found in these other bacteria.
An unexplored genomic terrain in a handful of dirt
The study reveals a vast array of genomic diversity among the ten newly isolated phages, with varying genome lengths and unexpected similarities to bacterial genomes. This discovery challenges traditional classification systems and raises questions about the role of bacteriophages in evolution.
Genome of a major member of gut bacteria sequenced
A comprehensive analysis of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron reveals its ability to process nutrients and forge a beneficial alliance with its host, providing new insights into human physiology and potential therapeutic strategies.
Genome analysis sheds light on drug-resistant pathogen
The study found that nearly a third of the E. faecalis genome consists of mobile or 'foreign' DNA, which plays a crucial role in helping the bacterium develop drug resistance. The analysis identified two sites in the genome related to vancomycin resistance, including a novel transposon carrying vanB resistance genes.
Gene vital to radiation resistance in bacteria
The irrE gene plays a crucial role in D. radiodurans' ability to withstand extreme radiation levels, and its regulation may be linked to DNA repair mechanisms. Understanding the gene's function could lead to breakthroughs in human cancer prevention and nuclear waste cleanup.
Bacterium and puffer fish may share distant relative
A recent study discovered a distantly similar gene called ros in puffer fish, suggesting that Agrobacterium may have originated from a marine source. The discovery was made by investigating the evolutionary origin of genes associated with bacterial virulence and found homologs of the ros gene in both marine microorganisms and sea squirts.
U.S.-German research consortium sequences genome of versatile soil microbe
The genome analysis reveals complex metabolism and diverse pathways, including aromatic compound breakdown and novel transport capabilities. P. putida has great potential for bioremediation, promoting plant growth, and fighting plant diseases.
Photosynthesis analysis shows work of ancient genetic engineering
Researchers analyzed genomes of five bacteria to understand how photosynthesis evolved, finding evidence of horizontal gene transfer and the merging of evolutionary lines. The study sheds light on the origins of complex metabolic pathways and may inspire human-directed biodesign.
Scientists crack genome sequence of major dairy pathogen
Researchers identified key genes and metabolic pathways to differentiate the bacterium from related species, shedding light on its unique biology and slow growth rate.
Genome of potential bioremediation agent sequenced
The genome sequence of Shewanella oneidensis reveals its ability to remove toxic metals like chromium and uranium from the environment. Scientists have discovered a new bacterial phage that may enable genetic manipulation of Shewanella for specific bioremediation projects.
Genome of potential bioterror agent seqenced
The complete genome sequence of B. suis reveals fundamental similarities with Brucella melitensis, a related species that causes similar disease in goats and humans. The study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms enabling closely-related species to target different host animals.
SourceThe Institute for Genomic Research·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 23, 2002
Sequence provides insights into a pathogen's virulence mechanism allowing for vaccine development
The study found numerous differences among isolates of S. agalactiae, suggesting the pathogen's ability to adapt and emerge as a major human pathogen. The researchers identified genes unique to S. agalactiae that likely play a role in colonization or disease.
SourceThe Institute for Genomic Research·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 26, 2002
Harvard Medical School consortium receives grant to harness microbe genomes for environment/energy
The Harvard Medical School consortium aims to engineer microorganisms to handle hazardous chemical waste and produce energy sources. By studying the unique interactions of their proteins and interrelationships with their environments, scientists will develop cost-effective ways to clean up pollution and advance biological-based energy.
Faster detection of bacteria in water, food
A new DNA-based technology detects bacteria in water and food in just one to three hours, outperforming current methods. The system uses unique 'fingerprints' from bacterial DNA sequences to identify strains, enabling accurate comparison and protection against terrorist contamination.
SourceAmerican Society for Technion - Israel Institute of Technology·JournalGenome Research·DateMay 6, 2002
Microbiology team probes bacterium's surprising survival tactics
A team of microbiologists has found that the bacterium Geobacter metallireducens can locate and home in on its metal food source using a built-in sensor. The bacteria can also grow flagella to swim towards the metal, allowing it to thrive in environments where other microorganisms cannot.
University of Toronto botanist identifies disease components of bacteria
A University of Toronto geneticist has discovered a process to clarify the relationship between bacterial pathogens and their plant hosts. By developing a functional screen, Professor David Guttman identified more type III effectors in plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae than in any other animal or plant pathogen.
Genomic tools reveal new microbial phototrophs in the ocean
Researchers found diverse bacterial photosynthetic genes in ocean plankton, actively harnessing energy from light, revealing new types of phototrophs. This discovery has significant implications for oceanic food web models and global carbon budget management.
Research reveals genetic makeup of salmonella responsible for food poisoning
Researchers have identified 156 probable membrane proteins that could serve as new drug targets to combat antibiotic-resistant salmonella. The study also revealed two previously unknown gene clusters required for producing hair-like strands on the bacteria's surface.
NIAID awards grant to rapidly sequence the malaria mosquito genome
The NIAID has awarded a $9 million grant to Celera to rapidly sequence the Anopheles mosquito genome. This initiative will provide scientists with a unique opportunity to study the natural history of malaria by analyzing and comparing the genomes of mosquitoes, humans, and Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
Scientists map the complete genome of an important agricultural bacterium
Researchers have decoded the genome of Sinorhizobium meliloti, a bacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen for plants. The complete genome map could improve crop yields while reducing fertilizer use, contributing to more sustainable agriculture.
Pneumococcus genome sequence completed
The complete genome of pneumococcus has been sequenced, revealing its genetic makeup and potential applications in treating the bacterium. The newly released genome contains 2,326 sequenced genes, providing a comprehensive model for researchers to study its virulence and develop new therapies.