Articles tagged with Protein Coding Genes
Researchers developed a new protein treatment that prevents glaucoma from forming in mice and reduces pressure in the eyes. The study provides new targets for therapies and aims to develop an injectable treatment for patients.
A new study identified thousands of protein connections to various human diseases, suggesting a common origin in the genome. This approach linked genetic variations to specific proteins, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.
A team of researchers has discovered a unique organism that lacks essential genes for copying and distributing its DNA. The free-living protist Carpediemonas membranifera is unable to produce kinetochore proteins, which separate chromosomes during cell division.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed new fluorescent proteins using unnatural amino acids, providing a better understanding of how they interact with biotin. The study's findings will aid in the development of novel protein-based sensors for studying biological systems.
Researchers at Uppsala University have designed new antibodies that bind to both large and small aggregates of the amyloid-beta protein, potentially providing a more effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The new antibody format is stronger in binding to clumps and can also target smaller aggregates.
A study analyzed genetic material from 86 discordant couples infected by SARS-CoV-2 and found associations between certain genetic variants and efficient activation of natural killer cells. These cells play a crucial role in the innate immune response, destroying infected cells to prevent disease development.
Research reveals how genetic mutations in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases cause CMT by halting protein production and inducing integrated stress response. The study's findings provide new avenues for therapies against the disease.
Membraneless organelles, a new form of cellular compartment, are being studied by Professor Edward Lemke. His team has successfully designed and incorporated these organelles into living cells, enabling innovative functions such as protein engineering and imaging techniques.
Researchers discover that sudden cardiac episodes are caused by a combination of genetic mutations and chemical modifications in heart cells. The study uses new technology to manipulate the protein, demonstrating that phosphorylation can affect its function, particularly when paired with mutations.
A recent study explores the plant immune system using chimeric maize leaves with an auto-active R protein. Researchers found that Rp1-D21 triggers a defense response without recognition events, leading to cell death in affected areas but not neighboring cells.
Silent mutations, which don't change protein sequences, hold diagnostic value in predicting cancer types and patient survival. The study analyzed over 10,000 cancer genomes and found that combining information from silent and non-silent mutations improved classification and prognostication up to 17% and 5%, respectively.
Researchers at McGill University identified proteins that drive cancer stem cells in brain tumours. Targeting the protein galectin1 may provide a more effective treatment for glioblastoma when combined with radiation therapy. The study found significant improvement in tumour response to radiation therapy, resulting in expanded lifespan.
Researchers have identified a new potential treatment for neuroblastoma by targeting the ALT mechanism, which is responsible for chemotherapy resistance. The study found that activating ATM kinase at telomeres promotes chemotherapy resistance in ALT neuroblastoma and suggests a cancer-specific approach to treating this disease.
Researchers have developed a new way to deliver molecular therapies to cells using a programmable system called SEND, which harnesses natural proteins in the body to encapsulate and deliver different RNA cargoes. This could lead to safer and more targeted delivery of gene editing and other molecular therapeutics.
Scientists developed a new mouse line to study protein balance and quality control in the mammalian brain. The research revealed that different neurodegenerative diseases have distinct protein misfolding patterns, offering insights into potential therapeutic options.
Researchers discover a new way for an antiviral enzyme to detect and destroy viruses that hide inside cell membranes. The OAS1 p46 isoform enhances the immune response against SARS-CoV-2, flaviviruses, and other RNA viruses.
A new study reveals that multiple pathways regulate poly(A) tail lengths in yeast, involving poly(A) binding proteins and a self-regulating pathway. This discovery sheds light on the complex control of mRNA tails and their impact on protein production.
A team of researchers has cracked the code on dog coat color patterns by identifying five distinct genetic variants that cause different colors. These variants originated in an extinct species and were introduced into modern dogs through hybridization events.
Researchers review advancements in biosensing technologies for neonatal sepsis diagnosis, highlighting the need for faster and more accurate methods. Biosensors offer a promising solution, detecting multiple parameters simultaneously with high sensitivity and accuracy.
Researchers have identified a promising therapeutic target, METTL1, to treat aggressive cancers by inhibiting an RNA-modifying protein. The study found that targeting METTL1 effectively destroys cancer cells in laboratory models and mice while leaving healthy cells unharmed.
Researchers at the University of Oregon used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to target a specific mutation causing Fuchs' corneal dystrophy, preserving endothelial cell density and function. The study lays the groundwork for future research on using this technique to treat genetic disorders in post-mitotic cells.
The PROTEIN-ID project aims to create a device that can read the fingerprint of proteins and identify their sequence, enabling rapid detection of diseases. The innovative device will use spectroscopic techniques, machine learning, and nanoscale sensors to analyze protein structures.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have developed a system that can fine-tune protein expression from gene therapy vectors, addressing the need for controlled dosing. The 'dimmer switch' uses alternative RNA splicing and an orally available small molecule to adjust levels of expression up or down as needed.
A new study led by Iowa State University scientist Nicole Valenzuela sheds light on the function of sex chromosomes in turtles. The research found that temperature affects the dosage compensation mechanism in softshell turtles, leading to an imbalance in protein production.
Researchers have discovered that the Usher syndrome type 1G protein SANS plays a crucial role in regulating splicing process, leading to errors in related genes and disease progression. The study aims to elucidate molecular basis of blindness in Usher syndrome patients.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified potential new treatment targets for Alzheimer's disease, focusing on defective proteins and existing FDA-approved drugs. The study provides hope for clinical trials to begin sooner, targeting brain damage caused by amyloid buildup.
The new technique uses engineered yeast cells to produce enzyme and histone proteins, conduct biochemical assays internally, and then display the results. This approach significantly reduces the time required for examining a single enzyme/histone pairing from a week to just a couple of days.
Researchers discovered that SARS-CoV-2 produces microRNAs affecting individuals' respiratory systems and immune responses. Understanding these impacts may provide new insights into COVID-19 pathogenesis and treatment.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have developed an antibody therapy that rescues mice from a lethal muscle-weakening disease by targeting another protein in the same signaling pathway. The treatment reverses disease relapse in adult mice, offering new hope for humans with congenital myasthenia.
Researchers identified a new gene, TP73, associated with an increased risk of sporadic ALS. Mutations in this gene have been found to interfere with nerve cell health and lead to abnormal cell differentiation and increased cell death. This discovery provides a potential target for therapy development.
Researchers will examine regulation and disease relevance of alternative splicing in different types of heart cells. The project aims to map the path from splicing factor discovery to drug development.
A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo found that healthy young adults on vegan or omnivorous diets with adequate protein intake gained equivalent muscle mass. The key to this finding lies in the level of protein intake, rather than the source.
MIT researchers have generated the most accurate gene annotation of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, confirming six new protein-coding genes and discovering a rare gene-within-a-gene. The study also analyzed over 1,800 mutations, revealing regions that may help the virus evade the immune system.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have successfully employed a new CRISPR-Cas9-based gene therapy approach to treat mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, restoring nearly full production of the dystrophin protein. The approach could lead to a treatment for DMD and inform the treatment of other inherited diseases.
Researchers studied age-related changes in kidney function, combining protein analysis with gene transcription. They found that aging kidneys have increased immune cells, inflammation, and decreased mitochondrial energy production. This suggests that therapies promoting protein building or slowing breakdown may help treat age-related k...
Researchers have identified 19 genes and 25 corresponding proteins that may contribute to the cause of depression. These findings offer promise as potential targets for new depression treatments and could serve as biomarkers for depressive symptoms.
Researchers from Chalmers University of Technology have developed an AI-based approach called ProteinGAN, which uses generative deep learning to create highly diverse protein variants with naturalistic-like physical properties. This method accelerates the rate of protein engineering, driving down development costs and enabling environm...
A team of researchers has reconstructed the formation of a newly emerged protein in flies, essential for male fertility. The study reveals that species form new proteins de novo without related precursor proteins, with beneficial functions emerging after millions of years.
Researchers are using llama antibodies to design treatments and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The unique nanobodies produced by llamas can bind to areas of viral proteins that larger antibodies cannot fit into, blocking those proteins from connecting with cells.
Researchers have discovered a link between increased levels of the protein OAS1 and reduced mortality and disease severity among patients with COVID-19. Boosting OAS1 levels through drugs may be explored to improve outcomes.
A large-scale study has identified more than 20 genetic loci associated with canine hip dysplasia in a cohort of 1,600 dogs from ten breeds. The loci were validated using blood samples and radiographic images, revealing a complex interplay between genetic variants and disease susceptibility.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown protein NblD in cyanobacteria that plays a crucial role in recycling nutrients during photosynthesis. The discovery highlights the importance of studying small genes and proteins, which were previously overlooked.
A new study reveals that pioneer transcription factors help unspool tightly wound coils of DNA, allowing genetic blueprints to be read and proteins to be made. The researchers found that one pioneer factor can interact with two different remodelers to regulate transcription, a process deeply conserved across species.
Researchers discovered that mutagens induce errors in gene transcription, vastly outnumbering DNA mutations. This discovery opens new avenues of research into age-related diseases and sheds light on the role of the 'transcriptome' in aging.
Researchers developed SuperNova2, an enhanced version of phototoxic protein SuperNova, for localized oxidative stress and molecular biology tasks. The new protein displays high speed and completeness of maturation, making it suitable for various applications.
A team of researchers used a novel approach to study the human gene responsible for Meier-Gorlin syndrome, a rare genetic disorder causing dwarfism and skeletal abnormalities. They discovered that a mutation in this gene affects its ability to bind to DNA, leading to defective cell division and growth.
Researchers develop Single-residue Terminal Labeling (STELLA) to fluorescently tag microproteins without disrupting their function. The method enables visualization of elusive polypeptides from SARS-CoV2 coronavirus, opening new avenues for studying tiny proteins in living cells.
Researchers found a ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades miR-7 and other miRNAs in cells. This discovery sheds light on how cells dispose of genetic molecules regulating protein production.
An Italian team has successfully recreated the pathological condition of Kabuki syndrome in a test tube, revealing the impact on the cell nucleus and bone formation. The study identifies a potential therapeutic approach by targeting a nuclear protein that responds to mechanical signals.
Researchers at Yale University discovered how SARS-CoV-2 virus blocks cell production of immune molecules and contributes to severe illness. The viral protein Nsp1 forms a plug in the ribosome, preventing it from receiving genetic instructions for new proteins.
University of Texas at Dallas researchers have identified the source of fluctuations in gene expression between identical cells, finding that transcription is the primary driver of cellular noise. This discovery has significant implications for developing targeted therapies and gene therapies.
Researchers found that male and female birds have different gene expressions due to alternative splicing, enabling the evolution of sex-specific traits. This process is crucial for generating biodiversity across the animal kingdom.
Researchers developed ProteinSolver, a graph neural network that can design fully new proteins to fit specific geometric shapes. By leveraging Sudoku constraints, the algorithm generates amino-acid sequences for functional protein structures.
Researchers have discovered a shared protein fingerprint in patients with the most severe manifestations of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a common inherited heart disease. This finding suggests that treatments targeting these similarities could be effective in treating multiple patient varieties.
Researchers have developed a simpler detection procedure to identify and purify specific proteins from complex mixtures. The new method uses a UV-excitable fluorophore that binds to polyhistidine tags, allowing for easy detection of tagged proteins in gel electrophoresis.
Researchers at Uppsala University have reconstructed the birth of a male sex chromosome in Atlantic herring, identifying a tiny region with only three genes. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of sex determination and provides insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying sex-based traits.
Researchers have developed a comprehensive analysis pipeline using genetic prediction of protein levels to prioritize drug targets. This approach has quantified the potential for reducing drug development failure rates and could help identify novel drug targets.
Researchers found alterations in gene expression, neurotransmitter regulation, and extracellular matrix organization in brains affected by congenital Zika syndrome. The study integrates genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data to identify key molecular mechanisms underlying the disease.
Researchers at EPFL uncover key role of Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF) in preventing cGAS-STING pathway activation, which stops cells from attacking their own DNA. This discovery sheds new light on complex processes involved in the body's inflammatory response.
Researchers identified nearly 1 million potential functional genomic elements in the human genome, which control gene expression and promote health or disease. The UMMS team's registry of these elements can be used to study links between regulatory switches and genetic diseases.