Articles tagged with Rna
Researchers identify human satellite II (HSATII) RNA as a promising early detection method for pancreatic cancer, with significantly higher levels found in patients' blood serum. A pilot study validated the test's ability to detect pancreatic cancer and a precancerous lesion in two cohorts of patients.
Temperature gradients within pore channels in rock can separate primitive biopolymers based on their sequences, enabling the formation of self-replicating systems. This process is thought to have played a key role in the origin of life.
New Cornell research reveals genetic cues from male mosquitoes affect female reproductive tract gene expression, influencing blood feeding, egg development, and immune defense. This study aims to develop novel strategies for controlling mosquito populations to fight diseases like Zika virus.
Scientists have developed a process to improve the efficiency of CRISPR, allowing for greater consistency in deleting unwanted genes. By tweaking the sequence of single guide RNA, researchers achieved knockout efficiency of over 50% and hope to increase adoption of this technology.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a visual readout method using analytical chemistries and image processing to quantify single nucleic-acid molecules, enabling the use of any cell-phone camera. This technology has potential applications in limited-resource settings for disease diagnosis.
Researchers compared two testing methods: an HIV antigen/antibody combination assay and pooled HIV RNA testing. The new test increased the detection rate for acute HIV infections by 10.4% and diagnosed 82% of cases detectable by traditional testing.
A paper by Gugliotti et al. in Science reported on RNA-mediated metal-metal bond formation, but an investigation found authors falsified research data. The journal is taking steps to address the concerns and ensure the integrity of its publications.
Researchers have found that a cancer drug can neutralize the toxic RNA responsible for myotonic dystrophy type 1. The study used actinomycin D to inhibit toxic expansions in DNA, correcting mis-splicing and reducing symptoms.
Scientists have identified the poly(A) tail as a crucial component in LINE-1 retrotransposition, a process that can cause genetic mutations and diseases. Without the tail, the parasite's jumping ability is significantly impaired, offering new strategies for inhibiting its movement.
A team of researchers has developed a C. elegans worm model with mutations that cause Retinitis pigmentosa, a rare blindness subtype affecting over 1 million people worldwide. The study reveals the disease's specificity in the retina and proposes a new hypothesis based on genomic instability.
Researchers at UBC created a supercharged blood cell called a 'Franken-platelet' by injecting platelets with DNA and other ingredients. The resulting cells produced RNA, which performed as predicted and showed promise for treating bleeding disorders and inflammatory diseases.
Researchers found that certain proteins undergo a transition from liquid droplets to toxic, fibrous solids on their way to becoming harmful. Cells may use this liquid state for normal physiology, but under certain conditions the proteins can transition again.
Researchers have successfully sequenced the most complicated gene known using the MinION nanopore sequencer, demonstrating a new technology that can quickly and affordably analyze complex gene expressions.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute and TGen will analyze blood and CSF samples from 60 participants to identify peptide, protein, and RNA biomarkers indicative of ALS progression. The goal is to develop effective treatments for patients in clinical trials.
Researchers aim to identify exRNAs as biomarkers for severe hemorrhagic stroke and risk of subsequent traumatic brain injuries. The study could lead to new treatments and improved outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.
A gene signature associated with 'healthy ageing' has been identified, allowing for early prediction of age-related diseases like Alzheimer's. The discovery provides a reliable molecular profile for distinguishing people at risk and could transform medical decision-making.
Researchers found that the most common genetic defect in ALS causes nuclear pore dysfunction, leading to cell death. This discovery empowers the search for genetic causes of sporadic ALS and offers new hope for treatment options.
Researchers discovered a molecular mechanism that contributes to age-related macular degeneration due to excessive iron accumulation in retinal cells. Excessive iron impairs the processing of inflammatory RNAs, leading to inflammasome-mediated cell death.
New evidence from Johns Hopkins researchers reveals that RNA granules have a dynamic envelope that stabilizes them, separating them from the surrounding watery space. This discovery provides insight into how cells organize their contents and activities.
A team of scientists found that a specific chemical modification on RNA plays a key role in determining the ability of embryonic stem cells to adopt different cellular identities. Depleting or knocking out this component blocks stem cells from differentiating into specialized types of cells.
The NIST 'erccdashboard' tool evaluates experimental methods used to study gene expression, ensuring reproducibility and reliability. The dashboard provides a standardized approach for analyzing gene expression data, allowing researchers to assess technical performance and prevent erroneous conclusions.
A cell study has uncovered a gene mutation that causes the immune system to mistakenly attack the body, leading to diseases like Lupus and Motor Neurone Disease. Researchers found that a defect in an alarm system protects the body from viruses and other infections.
A team of scientists has discovered the genetic mechanism behind sex determination in a species of persimmon. The OGI-MeGI system involves an unusual gene that codes for a small piece of RNA acting as molecular scissors, cutting down expression of another gene, and regulating pollen formation.
Researchers at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem have discovered how circular RNAs are produced, finding they compete with normal RNAs for expression. The study suggests a link between circRNAs and degenerative diseases like muscular dystrophy and potentially brain disorders.
A comprehensive study led by Mayo Clinic in 12 countries validates the accuracy of RNA genomic sequencing techniques and laboratories. The research establishes best practices for laboratories to ensure reproducible results, enabling clinicians to make informed decisions based on genomic data.
A systematic analysis of hepatitis E virus transmission by blood components found that about 1 in 3000 donors in England have the virus. Around 1200 HEV-containing blood components are likely to be transfused every year in England.
A new drug, AL-8176, has been shown to safely reduce RSV viral load and clinical illness in healthy adult volunteers. The Phase 2 challenge study achieved primary and secondary endpoints of lower viral load and improvements in symptom scores.
Researchers discovered that trace amounts of HCV RNA in successfully treated patients can be infectious. The study used an animal model to show that blood from these patients could cause HCV infection, which may be hard to detect due to delayed onset of disease.
Researchers discovered a mini-antibody called 3D8 scFv that can degrade viral DNA and RNA regardless of specific sequences, protecting mammalian cells and genetically manipulated mice against different viruses. The correct dose is crucial to destroy only viral components, not host genetic material.
Researchers detect Tobacco Ringspot Virus in honeybees, suggesting a link to their decline. The study reveals that infected bees can transmit the virus to each other and even their queen mother.
A new study reveals that edited RNA and invasive DNA contribute to individual variation in humans by regulating gene expression. The study found a 20% difference in life span and eye color between individuals with varying levels of ADAR activity.
University of Adelaide researchers have identified a likely molecular pathway that causes neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's and Lou Gehrig's. The team found that RNA plays a key role in the development of these diseases, which share similar genetic mutation mechanisms.
A new study reveals that DNA sequences at the beginning of genes in fruit flies contain complex instructions for RNA polymerases to read and transcribe essential genes. The findings suggest that these instructions play a crucial role in regulating gene expression during early embryonic development.
Researchers found that RNA bases preferentially bound to decanoic acid, priming the system for RNA production and simplifying the emergence of primitive cells. Sugars also provided protective benefits, with ribose being more effective than glucose or xylose.
Researchers from Scripps Florida Institute have identified small molecules that can control a genetic defect responsible for myotonic dystrophy, a progressive muscle-wasting disease. By activating these compounds, scientists can study the long-term impact of the disease and potentially develop new therapies.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute find that Alpine rock cress measures age based on miR156 concentration, which decreases over time. This allows the plant to synchronize growth and flowering with environmental cues like vernalisation.
Mayo Clinic researchers found that genetic differences affect immunity to smallpox vaccine. The study identified new targets for developing personalized vaccines, potentially benefiting non-responders.
Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology explore an alternate theory for RNA origin, finding molecules that spontaneously assemble into gene-length linear stacks in water. The discovery suggests proto-RNA bases could have formed the first genetic material.
Researchers at Gladstone and Stanford Institutes develop new tactic for treating neurodegenerative conditions like ALS by hijacking gene Dbr1 to reduce toxic TDP-43 levels. This breakthrough could have far-reaching implications for treating devastating diseases.
A recent study reveals a common RNA pathway that contributes to the degeneration of motor neurons in both ALS and dementia. The discovery provides a potential target for developing new treatments and offers insights into the normal function of key proteins involved in these diseases.
A team of neuroscientists discovered a signature of disease that may help explain the relationship between transposons and neurodegenerative disorders. They found that TDP-43 normally functions to silence or repress potentially harmful transposons, but when its function is compromised, these elements become overexpressed.
University of Kentucky researchers have identified a major breakthrough in treating geographic atrophy, an untreatable form of age-related macular degeneration. They found that blocking specific pathways can prevent retinal degeneration and vision loss, paving the way for a new potential therapy.
Researchers have discovered a way to make plants resistant to parasitic dodder vines by attacking the junctions where they tap into their hosts. The technique, using RNA interference, has shown promise in preventing dodder from spreading and can potentially be applied to other parasites like Striga.
Dr. Nihal Altan-Bonnet, a Rutgers cell biologist, has been awarded the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE). Her research identifies a common lipid blueprint for viral replication, paving the way for potential panviral therapeutics.
A long-term study found increased deaths from both liver-related and non-liver diseases in patients with active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections who had not cleared their infection. Chronic HCV infections can lead to increased mortality, even in people without symptoms.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism for generating cancer-driving genes, bypassing chromosomal translocation. The SLC45A3-ELK4 fusion RNA promotes prostate cancer cell growth and disease progression in human samples.
Scientists at EMBL have created a first complete atlas of RNA-binding proteins, revealing over 300 previously unknown proteins. This discovery opens new avenues for studying diseases such as diabetes and glaucoma, suggesting that gene mutations may affect RNA control rather than protein function.
Researchers at University of Edinburgh discovered an enzyme that corrects the most common mistake in mammalian DNA replication, including accidental incorporation of RNA. This discovery could have broad implications for autoimmunity and cancer research.
A major breakthrough in treating geographic atrophy, a form of age-related macular degeneration, has been made by University of Kentucky researchers. The discovery highlights the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and MyD88 in triggering vision loss due to retinal pigmented epithelial cell death.
A team of scientists at EMBL found that oskar RNA requires both tags to reach its correct destination, suggesting a 'ticket' that also affects its speed of transport. The study provides clues on how a single molecule could receive tickets for different destinations depending on the type of cell.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon and Stanford are expanding the EteRNA project with a $1 million grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation, allowing them to test thousands of RNA designs each month. The online game has identified talented players who can generate important scientific insights.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a natural product from traditional Chinese medicine that blocks gene control machinery in cells, suggesting potential as an anticancer drug. The compound, triptolide, has been shown to be effective against cancer and other conditions.
A protein complex called MSL amplifies the X chromosome in males, allowing enzymes to express genes more freely. This process helps correct the genetic imbalance between X and Y chromosomes in males.
Researchers identified a gene that allows the Rubella virus to block cell death and created a mutant version that slows its spread. This discovery could lead to new tools for preventing rapid disease transmission if applicable to other viruses.
Researchers found that statin atorvastatin reduced CD38 and HLA-DR levels on T cells in HIV-infected patients, suggesting potential benefits in disease management. The study's findings support exploring the role of statins as an anti-inflammatory therapy for HIV.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Jayakrishna Ambati has discovered a molecular mechanism implicated in geographic atrophy, the major cause of untreatable blindness in the industrialized world. The study identified Alu RNA toxicity as the underlying cause and developed two potential therapies to prevent geographic atrophy.
A European Observational Study found low discontinuation rates and sustained virologic suppression with REYATAZ/ritonavir-based regimens over five years. The study, which included 1,294 ARV-experienced patients, showed that 75% of those with baseline HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL remained suppressed after three years.
Researchers from Texas A&M University have developed protocols to isolate RNA from stallion sperm and testis biopsies, enabling the identification of genetic factors associated with subfertility. This breakthrough could lead to improved breeding procedures and enhance the reproductive potential of thoroughbred racehorses.
Scientists add ultraviolet light to model prebiotic reaction and discover guanine can be formed at lower temperatures than previously reported. The discovery suggests that starting life on Earth might not have been as difficult as thought.
Researchers at Scripps Research develop molecules that can evolve and compete for resources, demonstrating niche partitioning in coevolution. The study shows how different species adapt to specific food sources over time, a classic concept in Darwinian evolution.