Articles tagged with Viral Dna
Researchers have developed a new herpes-based AIDS vaccine that could help the immune system produce more infection-fighting antibodies and killer T-cells, potentially making it more effective. The vaccine uses an amplicon to deliver DNA from the AIDS virus, which is then amplified and used to trigger an immune response.
A powerful molecular motor enables the virus to pack its DNA under high pressure, compacting it nearly 6,000 times its normal volume. The motor generates an enormous force of 57-60 picoNewtons, enough to lift six aircraft carriers.
Researchers discovered that HIV DNA serves as a template to produce viral proteins Nef and Tat, bringing CD4 T cells out of their resting state. Non-integrated HIV DNA contributes to disease progression, despite not producing new viruses.
A new DNA vaccine has been developed to protect North American salmon and trout farms from a major disease, with successful trials showing 90% reduction in mortality. The vaccine works by introducing DNA containing the gene for one of the viral proteins, which is then taken up by cells and produces the protein to prime the immune system.
Scientists at the University of Iowa have discovered a powerful tool to activate human dendritic cells, key players in the immune system, using CpG DNA. This breakthrough could lead to enhanced immunization and treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Gene therapy's concern about viral DNA insertion into gametes is unfounded, as naturally occurring insertions in sperm cells are 100 times more common than the FDA limit. Researchers estimate that 1 individual in every 8 carries a new retrotransposon insertion.
Researchers at Rice University and the University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center have tracked the path that a polymer-DNA complex takes through a cell to its nucleus, where the new DNA can be read. This study improved our understanding of gene delivery and provided new knowledge for designing better nonviral carriers.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have identified a new mechanism of molecular recognition in which proteins regulate DNA transcription through asymmetric binding. This discovery sheds light on how homodimeric transcription factors can recognize their target DNA and has potential implications for drug design.
A DNA vaccine against rabies has shown complete protection in eight vaccinated monkeys, offering new hope for global eradication of the deadly disease. The vaccine also elicited neutralizing antibodies that could potentially protect humans and animals.
A Purdue University study reveals that a virus uses six RNAs to create a motor that transports DNA, facilitating the development of nanoscale devices. The research also improves scientists' understanding of how cells transport large molecules through membranes.
A new DNA production method dubbed 'rolling circles' has been developed by University of Rochester chemist Eric Kool, allowing for easy and inexpensive production of large quantities of DNA. This technique uses circular DNA strands that can be replicated exponentially without the need for expensive enzymes or complex equipment.
The research reveals the structure of T7 DNA polymerase, a protein crucial for DNA replication, showcasing its high accuracy and speed. The study provides insights into how this enzyme achieves its accuracy and could guide the development of better reagents for DNA sequencing.
Despite prolonged treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV persists and can replicate in patients with no detectable virus in their blood. Researchers found that resting CD4+ T cells serve as a stable 'reservoir' of virus, allowing it to continue replicating even when undetectable.
Researchers found that growing strands of DNA can accurately incorporate a nucleotide that closely resembles thymine but lacks hydrogen bonding ability. This finding suggests that the distinctive shapes and sizes of DNA bases may underpin the impressive 99.99-percent accuracy of DNA replication.
Using magnetic tweezers, scientists can move DNA molecules in three dimensions, opening up possibilities for non-invasive surgical tools and targeted medicine delivery. The device works by using electromagnetic fields to manipulate iron oxide-coated beads attached to the DNA molecule, allowing precise control over movement.
Researchers have identified mobile DNA segments in the maize genome that are similar to retroviruses, which could provide a mechanism for plants to resist certain viruses. These 'selfish DNAs' can replicate and transmit to future generations without harming their hosts.