Articles tagged with Immune Cells
A new study using spatial transcriptomics has generated a unique spatial atlas of intestinal cells in both healthy and inflamed states. The research reveals the evolution of cell populations during inflammation, particularly highlighting the significance of fibroblasts in response to gut inflammation.
A study published in Nature Genetics reveals early cell changes in healthy carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, suggesting a potential target for breast cancer prevention. The researchers created the world's largest catalogue of human breast cells, which may lead to the use of existing immunotherapy drugs as an early intervention.
A USC study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 causes a stage of mild symptoms followed by severe inflammation in some patients. The virus exploits two different pathways to interact with immune cells, one leading to inflammation and the other preventing it.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have discovered a way to revitalize the immune system in geriatric animals, significantly improving their ability to fight off new viruses and respond to vaccination. This breakthrough could lead to lifesaving treatments for older adults who struggle with weakened immunity.
Researchers have discovered a new way to inhibit immune cells that drive allergic asthma by targeting the Piezo1 protein. The study found that switching on Piezo1 channels can reduce lung inflammation and alleviate symptoms of airway hyperreactivity in mice with ILC2-dependent airway inflammation.
A genetic variant reducing IKZF1 expression increases B-cell ALL risk in Hispanic/Latino kids, with ancient DNA tracing its emergence ~13,000 years ago from Indigenous American ancestors.
Researchers have discovered a new immunotherapy approach to overcome resistant leukemia by targeting the mutated TP53 gene. Combining pharmacological therapies with genetically engineered CAR T-cells increases effectiveness against cancer cells, offering promising strategies for patients with resistant disease.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University have mapped the cellular architecture of MS lesions using advanced methodology. This reveals how immune cells and glial cells interact in the disease.
A Mayo Clinic study found that microglia shield neurons from the aftereffects of anesthesia, enhancing and boosting neuronal activity to awaken the brain. This discovery could lead to new treatments for post-anesthesia delirium and hyperactivity.
Researchers found that Kupffer cells in liver respond to high cholesterol by removing excess, revealing the liver's role in regulating cholesterol levels. This discovery suggests atherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs.
Human type 2 innate lymphoid cells have been found to attack and kill cancer cells in human models, with the ability to be expanded and applied in larger numbers to overpower tumors. This breakthrough could lead to a new therapeutic approach using these cells as an 'off-the-shelf' product.
Researchers investigated the impact of senolytic treatments on DNA methylation clocks and epigenetic age. Results showed significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration with Dasatinib and Quercetin treatment, but not with Fisetin addition.
Researchers found differences in brain and immune systems of people with post-infectious ME/CFS. Abnormalities in the temporal-parietal junction and low levels of catecholamines were associated with fatigue, cognitive symptoms, and motor performance.
A recent study used AI trained on cell-to-cell communication networks to predict drug responsiveness in immunotherapy for cancer. The model demonstrated high accuracy in analyzing samples from 700 patients with four types of cancer, identifying key communication pathways related to responsiveness and resistance.
A study at Marine Biological Laboratory found that bacteria form complex structures called 'pink berries' to protect against viruses. These structures have a genetic mechanism that introduces new variation into their genomes, allowing them to adapt and survive.
Researchers discover how S1P molecules are released from SPNS2 protein via small cavities, enabling potential treatment for inflammatory diseases. The study provides a foundation for designing future drugs targeting the protein.
A recent study published in Nature found that smoking has a lasting effect on the immune system, with certain defense mechanisms persisting for up to 10-15 years after quitting. The research used a large cohort of healthy volunteers and identified three key factors: smoking, latent cytomegalovirus infection, and body mass index.
Researchers have identified macrophages, immune cells that gobble up foreign substances, in the pleural cavity around the lungs. These cells play a crucial role in reducing inflammation and disease during flu infections.
Lung adenocarcinoma cells manipulate macrophage lipid metabolism to drive tumor progression. This exploitation of immune cells' metabolic pathways may be targeted with statins, improving lung cancer treatments.
Researchers at USC Stem Cell lab discovered nearly 40 genes associated with immune cell production, including those related to diseases like myelodysplastic syndrome. The study found that gene activity was linked to specific levels of immune cell production, offering insights for improving bone marrow transplantation strategies.
Researchers discover HIV uses its capsid to bypass cellular defenses and transport genetic material into the cell nucleus. The 'smart' FG phase of the nuclear envelope allows the capsid to slide through, concealing the genomic payload from anti-viral sensors.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a promising new immunological pathway to treat stubborn bone tumors in breast cancer patients. The glyco-immune checkpoint axis, involving protein Siglec-15, plays a crucial role in hiding bone tumors from the immune system.
Researchers from Cleveland Clinic and IBM have developed an AI strategy to identify new targets for immunotherapy treatments. The study, published in Briefings in Bioinformatics, reveals how artificial intelligence can be designed to accurately depict how immune systems recognize target antigens.
Researchers have revealed CD4+ T cells can work effectively on their own to control melanoma, challenging conventional understanding. Harnessing their potential therapeutically holds great promise for improving current cancer immunotherapies.
The CytoTracker Leukometer device quickly counts white blood cells with a single drop of blood, enabling near-patient testing and improving triaging for infections. The device has been clinically validated and shown to be at least 97% accurate, meeting clinical standards.
Researchers aim to improve glioma treatment with direct light therapy that targets cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The project will investigate the efficacy and safety of this approach, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A new study reveals that RNA binding motif protein X-linked (RBMX) plays a crucial role in predicting cancer prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Abnormal expression of RBMX is associated with immune regulation, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
A study published in Cell Genomics reveals that specific changes in CD4+ T cell categories and gene programs are associated with autoimmune diseases, including distinct patterns related to aging and sex. The findings provide a comprehensive catalog of CD4+ T cell changes linked to 20 different autoimmune diseases.
Researchers found that specific microbes in the gut reduce graft versus host disease after stem cell transplantation. Patients with low microbial metabolite risk index had better survival rates, fewer graft vs. host reactions, and reduced relapses.
A recent study published in Aging Cell found a balance between naïve and memory immune cells accelerates or slows down biological aging. The team discovered using novel tools for immune profiling, which opened new doors to understanding the relationships between the immune system and biological age.
Scientists have mapped neuroblastoma tumors at the cell level and discovered a brake on the immune system that can be blocked with existing immunotherapy. A new combination treatment targeting TIGIT and PD-L1 is being developed, showing promising results in lab experiments.
Researchers discovered new antibiotic molecules targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, reducing its pathogenicity. These substances also enhance the activity of conventional antibiotics like ethionamide, offering a renewed treatment approach.
Researchers at MMRI have developed a novel approach to minimize cardiac damage after a heart attack by targeting the spleen with histone deacetylase inhibitors. This targeting strategy results in a significant decrease in cardiac scar size and preservation of heart function, even after just one dose.
Researchers have discovered that immune cells play a crucial role in directing the growth of human lung tissue during development, revolutionizing our understanding of early lung development. The findings also suggest that early immune disturbances could manifest as pediatric lung disease.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have identified PD-1+ T cells as the culprit behind harmful inflammation in certain muscular disorders. The study found that these cells, when activated, produce cell-damaging molecules, causing body-wide weakness and pain.
A new method developed at Karolinska Institutet can identify unique immune cell receptors and their location in human tissue. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel therapies for diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders, by pinpointing the specific immune cells responsible.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have discovered that immune cells use an influx of water and ions to propel themselves forward, a process regulated by the WNK1 protein. This mechanism is essential for T cell migration and has implications for understanding cancer spread.
Researchers discovered distinct mechanisms controlling different types of immune cells and found a way to selectively eliminate 'problematic' cells driving autoimmune disorders. This breakthrough offers precise targets for potential treatment strategies, potentially revolutionizing the way we treat skin conditions.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital validated GRP78 as a promising but complex target for CAR T-cell immunotherapy. However, they discovered that some tumors trick the immune cells into expressing GRP78, turning off their own cancer-killing ability.
Researchers at MUSC and Cincinnati Children's have developed a novel colon organoid model with naturally occurring immune cells. The model has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for colon-related diseases such as cancer and IBD by providing a more complete human organoid system that can be used to model inflammation in the colon.
Salk researchers identify Foxp3 as the protein that determines regulatory T cell genome structure and fate, enabling manipulation to treat autoimmunity or fight cancer. The study reveals Foxp3's essential role in creating unique chromatin architecture of regulatory T cells.
A team of researchers from Okayama University found that short-chain fatty acids produced by intestinal bacteria trigger elongation of dendrites in dendritic cells, capturing intestinal pathogens and enhancing immune responses. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments targeting dendritic cells to prevent diseases.
A new cancer immunotherapy that targets two immune-evading tumor tactics has shown promising results in an early clinical trial. The drug, tebotelimab, blocks both PD-1 and LAG-3 proteins, leading to a double-digit response rate in patients with advanced solid tumors or blood cancers.
Researchers used dynamic total-body PET scans to visualize immune T cell distribution in recovering patients. The study found increased concentrations of CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow of recovering COVID patients compared to healthy controls.
Researchers found that children's nasal mucosa has a more active and alert immune system than adults, which helps fight SARS-CoV-2. This innate strong protective mechanism is thought to also defend against other viruses.
Researchers at UCSF found a feedback loop between immune protein IL-31 and nerve cells, which dials back nearby inflammation and promotes skin healing. This discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions like eczema, allergies, and asthma by targeting the nervous system's role in regulating the immune response.
Researchers developed a nanocapsule that reduces lactate levels and releases hydrogen peroxide, recruiting and activating immune cells to attack tumors. The approach increased immune cell activity by 2-5-fold, improving cancer immunotherapy success rates.
A new study reveals that changing nutrient use can reprogram immune cells, potentially treating cancer and infections. By blocking choline metabolism, researchers found a 'tremendous reprogramming of the immune profile' in mice, suggesting this knowledge could lead to novel therapies.
Researchers identified a 'guard mechanism' controlling protein GPB1 to attack microbes and cancer cells. The study found that disrupting this mechanism can kill pathogens like Toxoplasma and potentially treat cancer.
Rice University bioengineers Jerzy Szablowski and Julea Vlassakis have received the National Institutes of Health Director’s New Innovator Award for their creative research projects on gene expression and cancer interactions. Szablowski is developing noninvasive methods to map gene expression, while Vlassakis is studying complex single...
A new study reveals that COVID-19 triggers a dangerous immune response in hardened fatty deposits lining the heart's largest blood vessels. This inflammation can lead to immediate and longer-lasting heart issues, including plaque rupture and blockage of blood flow.
A Boston University-led study identified genetic signatures of TB-susceptible and TB-resistant macrophages, leading to a new approach to tweak the immune system to fight the disease. The research could lead to therapies targeting host immunity to tuberculosis.
Research finds that immune cells in older adults are similar to those in newborns and children, but less effective at recognizing infected cells. The study, published in Nature Immunology, suggests that tailored vaccines and therapies could be developed for different age groups based on the unique characteristics of killer T cells.
Researchers discovered that fine-tuning mitochondrial energy production reduces melanoma tumor growth and enhances immune response in mice. The study reveals that manipulating mitochondrial electron transport increases expression of immune genes and makes tumor cells more visible to killer T cells.
Researchers found that beta-blockers can revive exhausted killer T cells, making them better cancer fighters. The study discovered a link between the sympathetic stress response and immune system response to cancer.
Researchers discovered that immune cells create local gradients by consuming chemokines, guiding their movement and enhancing directional movement in complex environments. This finding increases understanding of coordinated immune responses and may reveal new strategies for targeting cancer
Clarissa Campbell and Barbara Maier receive prestigious ERC Starting Grants for their research on the interplay between the immune system and metabolism, as well as the role of lymph nodes in cancer. The grants will support their work on understanding immune cells in the gut and the crosstalk between tumors and lymph nodes.
Researchers have created a new method to investigate the sugars coating immune cells, which could lead to the identification of novel disease biomarkers and improved cancer detection. This technique allows for the isolation of distinct cell populations and analysis of glycosylation patterns in healthy versus diseased patients.
Researchers at ISTA discovered that immune cells actively shape their environment by consuming chemokine signals, allowing them to generate their own guidance cues. This dynamic regulation enables collective migration of immune cells and has significant implications for enhancing immune response coordination.
Scientists have established the effectiveness of vaccines against leishmaniasis in animal studies, revealing specific molecular-level changes in host cells. The vaccines, created using mutated parasites, prompt distinct immune responses in hosts, offering new insights into their mechanisms and potential applications.