Articles tagged with Immune Cells
A new genomic test can predict a patient's risk of developing severe COVID-19, according to research from the University of Virginia Health System. The test, called CovGENE, analyzes genes expressed in a person's blood to determine if they may experience a severe disease course with increased risk of death.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have developed a new immunotherapy strategy to eliminate fibroblasts in targeted manner, reducing lung and liver fibrosis in mice. The treatment triggers an immune response via cytotoxic T-cells, eliminating activated connective tissue cells while leaving resting cells undamaged.
Researchers found that high blood pressure induced in young mice led to significant bone loss and osteoporosis-related damage comparable to older mice. The study suggests a possible link between inflammation, high blood pressure, and accelerated bone aging in humans.
Researchers at UBC develop new process to produce T cells, the most essential human immune cells, in the lab with improved efficiency. The breakthrough could lead to cost-effective production of cancer-fighting cells for CAR T therapy, a treatment with an efficacy rate of close to 50%.
A research team led by Professor Wolfgang Kastenmüller has discovered that unconventional T cells play a crucial role in triggering site-specific immunity in distinct lymph nodes. The study reveals that different subtypes of unconventional T cells migrate to specific lymph nodes, influencing the immune responses there.
Researchers captured first image of antigen-bound T-cell receptor complex with bound antigen at atomic resolution. The study reveals no significant structural changes in the receptor after antigen binding, sparking further investigation into the signaling pathway activation mechanism.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have developed a new method to identify which human gut microbes contribute to inflammatory diseases. By analyzing protein levels in blood serum, the team discovered specific bacteria that trigger immune activation and inflammation.
A study published in Frontiers in Immunology found that Japanese herbal medicine DKT reduces colitis severity by preventing gut bacteria loss and increasing immune cells. It restores Lactobacillus levels and promotes type 3 innate lymphoid cells, alleviating inflammatory responses.
Buck scientists introduce mechanoimmunology, a new discipline that explores the role of physical forces in immune cell responses. The study reveals that mechanical cues tune immune cell behavior, potentially leading to new treatments for various disorders.
Researchers at UC San Francisco have discovered how to shift damaged brain cells from a diseased state into a healthy one using CRISPR technology. The study found that reprogramming microglia cells can help remove protein plaques and protect synapses, potentially treating Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia.
Researchers found that lidocaine injections reduced Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores by 35-70% and maintained improvements for at least 24 weeks. The study suggests targeting sensory nerves as a potential therapeutic strategy for psoriasis treatment.
A new study published in Nature reveals that microglia cells change their molecular state to match neighboring neurons, influencing neural circuit function. The researchers found that different types of cortical neurons recruit specific numbers of microglia, which then adapt to the neuron's environment.
The National MS Society has launched 40 new research awards to explore myelin repair, clues to MS progression, and wellness strategies to move closer to a world free of MS. The $19 million investment is part of a projected total of nearly $30 million in 2022 to support over 250 new research studies.
A recent study published in Science reveals that hyaluronic acid plays a key role in controlling muscle repair. The natural compound awakens stem cells to start the repair process after a 40-hour cleanup job by immune cells is complete.
A new study reveals that air pollution and maternal stress during pregnancy can lead to altered brain development and social behavior in male mice, exhibiting autism-like traits. In contrast, female mice are not affected by these environmental factors.
A new study by Tokyo University of Science researchers reveals that dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal tumors. Blocking DCIR may prevent ulcerative colitis and colon cancer, offering a potential therapeutic target for treating these diseases.
The new tuberculosis vaccine candidate VPM1002 shows its safety and efficacy in a study of HIV-exposed and non-HIV-exposed newborns. The vaccine has fewer side effects compared to the existing BCG vaccine, and elicits a similar immune response.
The new phage T4-COVID-19 vaccine elicits superior mucosal immunity in mice, inducing robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The vaccine provides complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants with minimal lung lesions and no impact on gut microbiota.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center used mathematical modeling to study the impact of tumor size, immune cell populations, and interactions on cancer treatment outcomes. The models predicted optimal therapeutic approaches for different types of therapies, including cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapies.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict the efficiency of nanoparticle delivery into cells, particularly in stem cells. They found that nanoparticles become trapped in bubble-like vesicles, preventing them from reaching their targets.
A new study suggests that a unique gene variant supporting cognitive health in older humans may have first emerged to protect against infectious pathogens like gonorrhea. This variant, linked to CD33, allows brain immune cells to break down damaged brain cells and amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered that two white blood cell types, neutrophils and macrophages, play opposing roles in affecting heartbeat irregularities after a heart attack. Neutrophils promote ventricular tachycardia (VT), while macrophages protect against it.
Researchers found that breastfeeding provides an immune boost to infants, reducing the risk of respiratory infections such as pneumonia. However, milk also mounts responses to beneficial gut bacteria, which can be disruptive and increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections.
Researchers have designed a new vaccine candidate using bacterial vesicles coated on gold nanoparticles to deliver antigens and stimulate an immune response against tuberculosis. The use of outer membrane vesicles has shown promise in inducing a better immune response compared to traditional subunit vaccines.
Researchers have created stem cell models that mimic the genetic disorder, revealing the role of WASP protein in regulating RNA splicing and finding potential therapeutic targets. These findings could lead to new treatments for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, a devastating immune deficiency disorder.
A recent review article highlights the crucial role of macrophages in the progression from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study suggests that targeting specific signaling pathways and altering macrophage activation can prevent renal fibrosis and CKD. Therapeutic strategies such as clodronate liposomes an...
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered the skin's natural protection from nighttime bacterial invasion in mice, which may provide a basis for developing a drug treatment. The team found that epidermal CXCL14 is produced in a circadian rhythm-dependent manner, providing antimicrobial function against Staphylococcus aureus.
Researchers identified a blood biomarker that predicts severe Crohn's disease and is detectable up to seven years prior to diagnosis. The biomarker neutralizes protective effects of a cytokine, leading to intestinal damage and weakening the immune system.
Researchers linked dietary cholesterol to exacerbation of viral infections in mice, showing that high levels of cholesterol made mice sicker when infected with influenza. The study found that dietary cholesterol increased the number of cytokine-producing immune cells in the lungs, contributing to excessive inflammation.
A new study suggests that supplementing a diet with Ascidiacea, also known as sea squirts, reverses some main signs of aging in animal models. The researchers found that plasmalogens, vital to body processes, decrease with age and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers found that hypoxia can activate immune cells called ILC2s, which respond to harmless environmental allergens and drive mucus production and inflammation in the lungs. The study identifies adrenomedullin as a new target for treating inflammatory and allergic lung diseases.
Researchers found that individuals with a diverse population of macrophage cells, which include M2 and regulatory macrophages, are better protected against severe COVID-19. The study suggests that a balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is key to preventing the worst symptoms.
A study by Kobe University researchers has illuminated the characteristics of Myeloid immune cells in coronary plaque, a major contributor to acute coronary syndrome. The findings suggest that macrophages and monocytes accumulate in the plaques of patients with acute coronary syndrome, leading to increased inflammation.
A new study in mice suggests that forcing the turnover of specific immune cells called microglia can reverse cognitive and behavior problems associated with concussions. The findings provide a potential pathway for developing post-concussion therapies to ward off long-term mental health issues.
George Mason University's Petricoin has received $30,558 in funding from Georgiamune, Inc. to analyze immune cells using reverse phase protein array technology. The research project began in March 2022 and will conclude by February 2023.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered that skull channels enable cerebrospinal fluid to flow out of the brain and into the bone marrow, where immune cells can screen for signs of infection. This finding has significant implications for conditions like dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
A study published in Cell reveals that individuals with gum disease are more susceptible to developing arthritis due to alterations in immune cell precursors in the bone marrow. The researchers also found that this association may prompt a reconsideration of how bone marrow donors are selected.
Researchers discovered a connection between atherosclerotic plaques and the central nervous system, involving immune cells, nerves, and cardiovascular tissues. This 'ABC' circuit can be modulated or disconnected, potentially leading to innovative therapies for treating atherosclerosis.
Researchers found that a common asthma medication can bind to and block the Nsp1 protein of SARS-CoV-2, preventing it from shutting down vital proteins in human immune cells. The study suggests that targeting this region could be an effective way to reduce damage inflicted by the virus.
Researchers discovered that immune cells can enter tissues by exploiting the division of surrounding cells, which creates a gap for them to pass through. This process is crucial for the immune system's rescue service, and understanding it could lead to new strategies for cancer research and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers discovered that checkpoint inhibitors can activate regulatory T cells, which can counteract the immune response. Blocking PD-L1 enhanced effector Treg activity, reducing ability to control parasite infections. This finding highlights complexity of immune system's balance between controlling pathogens and protecting healthy ...
A new study found that microglia regulate neuronal subtypes differently in response to bacteria, affecting intrinsic excitability. Pyramidal cells exhibited lower excitability, while Purkinje cells showed higher excitability when modulated by microglia.
Inhibiting a key signaling pathway in brain-resident immune cells may calm brain inflammation and slow Alzheimer's disease. The NF-κB pathway's activation triggers inflammatory activation of microglia, leading to tau tangle formation and spread.
The AURORA study found that metastatic breast cancer tumors have distinct genetic and immune feature profiles compared to primary tumors. These differences may lead to more effective treatments by considering individual patient biopsies and biomarkers.
Researchers at Institut Pasteur found that immunocompromised patients experience disrupted immune mechanisms, including reduced production of antibodies and increased pathogenic bacteria, after a bone marrow transplant. This discovery could lead to more effective treatment protocols for these patients.
A team of Danish researchers has shed new light on a fundamental mechanism in all living cells that helps them explore their surroundings and even invade tissue. By studying the mechanical behavior of filopodia, they discovered how cancer cells use these structures to move towards their targets and penetrate tissues.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield have identified a key mechanism by which the coronavirus causes inflammation in the brain's immune cells, potentially explaining some symptoms experienced by COVID-19 patients. The study suggests that adequate funding is needed to further develop this research and its potential applications.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have found that an enzyme called ART1 can modify a receptor on tumor-fighting immune cells, triggering their death. Blocking ART1 increased the presence of these immune cells within tumors and slowed or stopped tumor growth in animal models.
Research identifies three bacterial metabolites and corresponding genes that affect immune cell activity, providing a novel mechanistic insight into gut immunity. The findings suggest restoring these compounds or bacteria could lead to therapeutic treatments for inflammatory diseases.
A study published in eLife found that measuring changes in immune cell populations may help predict the prognosis of patients with ALS. Certain immune cells were associated with better or worse survival rates, providing new insights into the disease's progression.
Human immune cells occupy certain tissues and remain there for years, contrary to previous belief. T cells found to be optimally adapted to their local environment, potentially supporting barrier function.
Researchers developed genetic modifications to increase stress resistance and immune evasion in stem cell-derived beta cells, leading to improved survival rates. The study suggests a potential breakthrough for treating type 1 diabetes through transplantation of these cells.
Researchers found that some painkillers and fever medications may help fight infection, while others can weaken the immune system. The review highlights the need for more studies on the impact of these medicines on infectious diseases.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet reveals that natural killer cells respond to a specific peptide on the surface of infected cells. This peptide triggers an activation response in NK cells carrying the NKG2A receptor, allowing them to kill virus-infected cells.
A new study finds that immune cells clear away a key Alzheimer's disease protein on an oscillating daily cycle controlled by circadian rhythms. The discovery provides a potential mechanism linking Alzheimer's disease to disruptions in sleep cycles and may lead to the development of chronotherapeutics.
A novel immune-profiling method can return detailed immune cell type proportions using only DNA from blood, potentially allowing for individualized prediction of outcomes in immunotherapy patients. This approach offers the opportunity to ask and answer questions about the immune system in health and disease.
Scientists analyzed over 100,000 cells from 15 human brain metastases and identified two functional archetypes of metastatic cells, each containing both immune and non-immune cell types. These archetypes work together within single cells to shape inflammatory and proliferative processes co-existent in each metastatic tumor.
Scientists sequenced the gene expression profiles of more than 170,000 individual cells to shed light on a key mystery: the role of Type I Interferons (IFN) during viral infections. The study reveals interferon plays a crucial role in clearing the virus by alerting immune cells, such as macrophages, to search and destroy infected cells.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich have discovered a crucial link between the immune system and metabolic response to fasting. By examining liver cells and immune cells, they found that immune cells can directly influence the effect of fasting on metabolism through a key molecule called the glucocorticoid receptor.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes and UC San Francisco have developed a CRISPR activation method that allows them to activate genes in human immune cells, revealing key regulators of cytokine production. This breakthrough accelerates immunotherapy research and may lead to more powerful cancer treatments.