Articles tagged with Macrophages
A new NYU Langone Health study found that lung immune cell type nerve and airway-associated interstitial macrophages (NAMs) play a critical role in regulating inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection. NAMs promote disease tolerance by restraining the immune response, leading to better survival rates among infected mice.
Researchers from the International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw discovered a crucial role of enzyme TENT5A in extending poly(A) tails of therapeutic mRNA molecules, making them more stable and effective. Macrophages play a key role in vaccine effectiveness, capturing and neutralizing 'intruders' after administration.
Researchers have shed light on how a new type of antibody treatment works against ovarian cancer by reactivating patients' immune cells. The study shows that MOv18 IgE reverses the suppression of immune cells and induces them to kill cancer cells, providing new insights into this therapy.
Researchers utilized machine learning models to identify key surface attributes modulating immune response, paving the way for improved implant materials. The study revealed pivotal factors regulating cytokine secretion and offered insights into designing alloys with optimized immunoregulatory functions.
Researchers found that inhibiting S1pr3 reduces pulmonary fibrosis by reducing M2 macrophage polarization. S1pr3 inhibitors were also effective in ameliorating fibrosis in mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for humans.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism of liver regeneration triggered by glutamate, which accelerates liver regeneration in minutes through changes in macrophage metabolism. Hepatocytes producing glutamine synthetase play a key role in this process.
Researchers explore using tiny exosomes to deliver non-coding RNAs to macrophages, steering them toward the healing M2 state and promoting tissue regeneration. This approach offers a promising new way to treat ischemic diseases by addressing their root causes.
Researchers identify SPP1+ macrophages as critical in CRC development and metastasis, promoting EMT, hypoxia, glycolysis, and immunosuppression. Preoperative chemotherapy reduces SPP1 expression, highlighting a potential role in immunotherapy.
Researchers have discovered how severe COVID-19 can destroy immune cells' ability to repair the lungs, leading to lingering effects of long COVID. By enhancing damaged organelles using a FDA-approved drug, they found improved lung healing and reduced inflammation.
A novel population of bladder-resident macrophages, suPVMs, prevents hematogenous dissemination of uropathogens by releasing macrophage extracellular traps (METs). suPVMs form a bladder-blood immune barrier, preventing bacterial invasion into deeper bladder tissues and facilitating neutrophil infiltration.
Researchers investigated the wound healing efficacy and macrophage polarization potential of electrospun PCL scaffolds loaded with BMSC-ABs. The study found that the BMSC-AB-loaded PCL scaffolds drive macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype, promoting anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects.
A recent study in Nature Communications reveals that white blood cells employ a novel mechanism to dislodge bacteria from human tissues using brute force and integrin-based adhesion rings. The research, led by Xuefeng Wang, has significant implications for understanding the role of macrophages in cleaning up environmental pollutants.
Macrophages expressing high Spp1 levels are found in emphysema patients and those exposed to cigarette smoke or soot-like particles. This study highlights Spp1 as a crucial mediator of environmental particle pollution-related COPD development, offering potential preventive targets.
Finnish researchers found pituitary macrophages regulate hormonal balance and may be used to treat endocrine disorders. Macrophages have a local effect on hormone secretion, decreasing when removed.
Macrophages may help prevent peripheral neuropathy by slowing its onset and reducing damage. Researchers discovered that these immune cells produce chemokines to recruit other macrophages, which protect against sensory axon loss.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals that macrophages in newborns use a process called efferocytosis to produce thromboxane, which triggers the production of a bioactive lipid that signals heart muscle cells to divide and regenerate. This process is less effective in adults, leading to scar-tissue buildup and often heart failure.
Researchers investigate how sex-specific immune responses affect disease outcomes in obesity and helminth infections, aiming to develop new treatments for metabolic disorders and parasitic infections. The study focuses on macrophage-eosinophil interactions and the role of RELMalpha protein.
A new study has identified macrophage activity as a key predictor of which skin cancer patients are most likely to respond to immunotherapy. The findings aim to improve personalized medicine for cancer patients and enable clinicians to select effective treatments, reducing side effects and costs.
A recent study reveals that psychological stress impairs macrophage function, leading to worsened skin allergy symptoms. Stress disrupts the ability of anti-inflammatory macrophages to clear dead cells, allowing eosinophils to infiltrate and exacerbate allergic responses.
Researchers found that previously thought 'pro-fibrotic' macrophages are not solely responsible for fibrosis and instead may contribute to healthy repair. The study aims to understand the triggers behind these differences in expression, with the goal of harnessing macrophages for lung repair.
A study led by Henry J. Pownall and Khurram Nasir found a strong link between the amount of free cholesterol in HDL and its accumulation in macrophages, which can contribute to heart disease. The researchers aim to develop new diagnostics and treatments for managing heart disease using HDL-free cholesterol as a biomarker.
Researchers at Penn State are using ultrasound technology to monitor the transport of genetically engineered, cancer-fighting macrophages into brain tumors. The team aims to enhance the effectiveness of these cells in attacking brain cancer cells by delivering drugs via ultrasound.
Researchers have identified a molecular strategy employed by worm parasites to evade host immune defenses, offering promising solutions for addressing major infectious diseases, allergies, and asthma. By analyzing the unique immune-regulatory properties of helminths, scientists pinpointed key features essential to their activity.
A groundbreaking study reveals that macrophages within muscle spindles actively participate in motor control through fast neurotransmitter-mediated mechanisms. These immune cells help fine-tune muscle contractions, providing essential feedback to the nervous system and optimizing energy use during physical activity.
Researchers found higher levels of CD47 expression linked to more aggressive tumors, immune cells, and oncogenic signaling. Targeting CD47 could lead to improved outcomes with immunotherapy drugs, especially in cases where existing treatments are ineffective.
A new study suggests that berry-flavored vapes can weaken the lungs' natural defences, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. The research adds to growing evidence on how added flavourings in vaping solutions exacerbate dangers.
Researchers from Texas A&M University synthesized research findings to improve medical devices and therapy success rates. The review emphasizes the need to understand macrophage cell behavior to develop targeted immunotherapy treatments.
Researchers at UCLA have identified the protein GPNMB as a critical regulator in the heart's healing process after a heart attack. GPNMB promotes heart repair by binding to receptor GPR39, triggering a cascade of signals that limit scarring and improve cardiac function.
Researchers developed an in vitro model of murine peritoneal macrophage aging to study molecular mechanisms and develop innovative strategies. Chronic treatment with CB3 completely prevented the increase of p21CIP1 and maintained proliferative activity in day 14 macrophages.
Gladstone researchers have identified a complex molecular connection between immune cells and fibroblasts that contributes to fibrosis in the heart, which may lead to new treatments for heart disease and other fibrotic conditions.
Researchers found Itaconate stimulates immune cells to produce anti-viral proteins called interferons by blocking an enzyme called SDH, offering a potential therapy for autoimmune and infectious diseases.
Researchers investigate how liver necroptosis triggers inflammation in both organs, leading to cognitive impairment. Studying aging mouse models, they found that liver necroptosis causes systemic inflammation affecting brain function.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in creating nanoparticles that can modify the immune system to accept transplanted organs without compromising it. This new approach has potential implications for treating diabetes, cell therapy, and autoimmune disorders, offering hope for patients who currently face rejection.
A new study published in PNAS suggests that delivering microparticles containing CCL2 directly to the gums can inhibit bone loss and speed up bone repair in a mouse model of periodontal disease. The therapy modulates the immune response, shifting macrophages from inflammatory M1 type to anti-inflammatory M2 type.
A study found that naldemedine reduces constipation in cancer patients taking opioids, improving quality of life and reducing nausea. After 14 days, 64.6% of naldemedine-treated patients showed no signs of constipation compared to 17.0% in the placebo group.
Researchers propose a better understanding of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, identifying an early pathogenic macrophage cell/gene signature that shapes the inflammatory environment. This discovery offers a unique opportunity for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes.
Researchers found that macrophages produce lipid mediators that promote and suppress inflammation in AKI. The study suggests that MAFB regulates the production of pro-resolving LMs, shifting from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-resolving state.
A new study by the University of Eastern Finland found that pro-inflammatory macrophages can transform prostate cancer cells into stem-like cells, making them resistant to treatment. The study reveals that these immune cells secrete factors that increase the expression of stem cell markers in prostate cancer cells.
A recent study by Dr. Esteban Ballestar's group identifies an immune cell population that is more effective in responding against cancer cells under hypoxia. Macrophages undergo changes that enhance their ability to trigger an immune response, leading to better patient outcomes in bladder and ovarian cancers.
Researchers highlight key phagocytosis checkpoints and 'do not eat me' signals as potential therapeutic targets for novel immunotherapies. The editorial summarizes challenges in targeting CD47 and potential solutions to overcome these obstacles.
Researchers found a subset of macrophage cells close to breast cancer cells, which may provide a new biological target for immunotherapies. This discovery could lead to the development of biologic therapies to change the organization of neighborhoods around cancer cells.
Scientists at the University of Augsburg have found that macrophages, also known as scavenger cells, form in the vitreous body of the mouse eye during embryonic development. This new understanding could lead to therapies for diseases like diabetic retinopathy and prenatal vessel defects.
Researchers found that macrophages induce cancer cell apoptosis and then eat away dead cells after BCG vaccine injection in a new animal model. This breakthrough could lead to more effective bladder cancer treatments.
Researchers investigated the potential pharmacological action of Cordyceps Sinensis against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. CS treatment improved renal function, suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression, and promoted mitochondrial complex activity.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield have developed a new form of immunotherapy using nanoparticles that delays the onset of resistance to hormone therapy in prostate cancer. This innovative approach stimulates immune cells called T cells to attack cancer cells, marking a significant breakthrough in treating prostate cancer.
Researchers at the University of Liège have discovered a new population of macrophages that play a beneficial role in regenerating pulmonary alveoli. These atypical macrophages are instrumental in repairing lung damage caused by viral infections, which can lead to severe respiratory complications.
Inflammation in immune cells, specifically macrophages, may contribute to severe symptoms in children with lysosomal storage diseases. The study suggests that blocking sodium channels or MCP-1 receptors could reduce inflammation and tissue damage.
Researchers found that high blood levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitate, cause pre-activation of innate immune cells in obese non-diabetics. This leads to elevated inflammatory molecules when infected with SARS-CoV-2, increasing the risk of severe COVID-19.
Engineers have developed a pill that releases microscopic robots to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. The treatment significantly reduces IBD symptoms and promotes the healing of damaged colon tissue.
Researchers developed a reliable marker for monocytes and dendritic cells, enabling clear identification and separation of different sample types. The new method unlocks exciting possibilities for cell isolation and quantification in diagnosing and monitoring various conditions.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center-led research team discovered a connection between obesity and cancer, revealing that macrophages play an unexpected role in the complicated connection. Obesity increases macrophage frequency in tumors and induces PD-1 expression, which can contribute to both increased cancer risk and enhanced resp...
A study using induced pluripotent stem cells has revealed that inflammation triggered by retrotransposons and interferon signaling causes atherosclerosis in Werner syndrome patients. The researchers propose targeting the interferon signaling pathway as a potential treatment for reducing stroke and heart attacks.
Scientists at Salk Institute discover a molecular mechanism that helps macrophages mount a coordinated response tailored to a specific immune challenge. The discovery reveals new immune system mechanisms that could be targeted with therapeutics to regulate inflammation.
A new study reveals that heart failure leaves a 'stress memory' in hematopoietic stem cells, which can lead to recurrent heart failure and other health issues. The researchers propose improving TGF-β levels as a new avenue for treating recurrent heart failure.
A new animal model has been developed to study periodontitis, allowing researchers to analyze tissue components simultaneously. The study found that the expression of the Il1rl1 gene was higher in peri-root tissue five days after ligation, highlighting its role in inflammation and osteoclast differentiation.
A novel therapy has been developed to reprogram macrophage immune cells, shifting their balance toward antitumor activity. The treatment, JHU083, blocks the use of glutamine in tumors, reducing growth and triggering cell death. It also boosts immune-activating macrophages, recruiting tumor-killing T-cells and natural killer cells.
A team of POSTECH and ImmunoBiome has discovered a dietary-derived bacterial strain, IMB001, that induces nutritional immunity and boosts anti-tumor responses. The strain works by skewing tumor-infiltrating macrophages toward an inflammatory phenotype, leading to increased cell death of rapidly multiplying tumor cells.
Researchers review cell-based therapies for comprehensive sepsis management, highlighting the potential of mesenchymal stem cells and innate immune cells like macrophages. The review also emphasizes the need for further studies on optimal dosage, administration routes, and storage methods to maximize efficacy and safety.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have been shown to alleviate acute liver failure by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and regulating macrophage polarization. This study suggests that hUC-MSC-based cell therapy may serve as an alternative option for patients with liver failure.
Researchers identified EHF as a critical transcription factor in cholangiocarcinoma development through activation of GLI1 and CCL2. Targeted therapies targeting these pathways showed promise in inhibiting tumor growth and infiltration.