Articles tagged with Macrophages
Inflammation in immune cells, specifically macrophages, may contribute to severe symptoms in children with lysosomal storage diseases. The study suggests that blocking sodium channels or MCP-1 receptors could reduce inflammation and tissue damage.
Researchers found that high blood levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitate, cause pre-activation of innate immune cells in obese non-diabetics. This leads to elevated inflammatory molecules when infected with SARS-CoV-2, increasing the risk of severe COVID-19.
Engineers have developed a pill that releases microscopic robots to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. The treatment significantly reduces IBD symptoms and promotes the healing of damaged colon tissue.
Researchers developed a reliable marker for monocytes and dendritic cells, enabling clear identification and separation of different sample types. The new method unlocks exciting possibilities for cell isolation and quantification in diagnosing and monitoring various conditions.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center-led research team discovered a connection between obesity and cancer, revealing that macrophages play an unexpected role in the complicated connection. Obesity increases macrophage frequency in tumors and induces PD-1 expression, which can contribute to both increased cancer risk and enhanced resp...
A study using induced pluripotent stem cells has revealed that inflammation triggered by retrotransposons and interferon signaling causes atherosclerosis in Werner syndrome patients. The researchers propose targeting the interferon signaling pathway as a potential treatment for reducing stroke and heart attacks.
Scientists at Salk Institute discover a molecular mechanism that helps macrophages mount a coordinated response tailored to a specific immune challenge. The discovery reveals new immune system mechanisms that could be targeted with therapeutics to regulate inflammation.
A new study reveals that heart failure leaves a 'stress memory' in hematopoietic stem cells, which can lead to recurrent heart failure and other health issues. The researchers propose improving TGF-β levels as a new avenue for treating recurrent heart failure.
A new animal model has been developed to study periodontitis, allowing researchers to analyze tissue components simultaneously. The study found that the expression of the Il1rl1 gene was higher in peri-root tissue five days after ligation, highlighting its role in inflammation and osteoclast differentiation.
A novel therapy has been developed to reprogram macrophage immune cells, shifting their balance toward antitumor activity. The treatment, JHU083, blocks the use of glutamine in tumors, reducing growth and triggering cell death. It also boosts immune-activating macrophages, recruiting tumor-killing T-cells and natural killer cells.
A team of POSTECH and ImmunoBiome has discovered a dietary-derived bacterial strain, IMB001, that induces nutritional immunity and boosts anti-tumor responses. The strain works by skewing tumor-infiltrating macrophages toward an inflammatory phenotype, leading to increased cell death of rapidly multiplying tumor cells.
Researchers review cell-based therapies for comprehensive sepsis management, highlighting the potential of mesenchymal stem cells and innate immune cells like macrophages. The review also emphasizes the need for further studies on optimal dosage, administration routes, and storage methods to maximize efficacy and safety.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have been shown to alleviate acute liver failure by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and regulating macrophage polarization. This study suggests that hUC-MSC-based cell therapy may serve as an alternative option for patients with liver failure.
Researchers identified EHF as a critical transcription factor in cholangiocarcinoma development through activation of GLI1 and CCL2. Targeted therapies targeting these pathways showed promise in inhibiting tumor growth and infiltration.
Researchers discovered that variations in macrophages, ancient immune cells, are linked to patients' recovery and survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The study found subsets of macrophages associated with relapse after chemotherapy, predicting disease progression and potential new therapeutic approaches.
Glioblastoma suppresses immune system by inducing pro-tumor macrophages via glucose-based epigenetic modification, allowing tumor growth. Targeting PERK enzyme may be a viable strategy to fight deadly brain cancer.
University of Bonn researchers found that harmless particles improve immune responses and enhance lung function in mice. The study used beta-glucan to stimulate the immune system, resulting in a modified response to pathogenic bacteria.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that certain 'sentinel macrophages' near the liver's entrance protect it against intestinal bacteria and related substances. Isoallo-lithocholic acid triggers their activation, highlighting a potential target for preventing liver inflammation and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.
The study reveals that TM4SF19 protein inhibits a pump in lysosomes, impeding macrophage clearance of dead cells. Macrophages lacking TM4SF19 demonstrate enhanced efficacy in clearing dead adipocytes, reducing weight gain and metabolic dysfunction. The findings may open new avenues for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders.
A study published in Cell Reports found that early-life pain experiences can lead to genetic changes in macrophage cells, resulting in more intense pain reactions later in life. The researchers suggest targeting these genetic changes could help prevent long-lasting pain memories.
New findings in The American Journal of Pathology indicate that periostin promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by enhancing cancer and stromal cell migration in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Periostin may be a promising therapeutic target for treating ESCC.
Researchers found that MAFB inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokine IL-6, reducing sympathetic nerve fiber density and impairing thermogenic capacity. This regulation plays a key role in maintaining body temperature in cold environments.
Scientists from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have created Opto-RANK, a light-activated form of RANK that can induce osteoclast differentiation. The treatment approach uses blue light activation to stimulate local bone resorption, making it a promising tool for treating abnormal calcification diseases and orthodontic issues.
A new study by Duke University researchers provides fundamental insights into autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. They developed a system to test how DNA attached to nanoparticles interact with the immune system, revealing that larger nanoparticles provide more protection for DNA.
Researchers have developed a novel immunotheraphy targeting macrophages to induce tolerance in type 1 diabetes, demonstrating its potential as a curative treatment. The therapy also shows promise for other autoimmune diseases, with results suggesting no impact on the immune system's ability to capture and process liposomes.
Researchers have made progress in understanding atherosclerosis, identifying potential new approaches for early detection and therapy. The study found that TREM2 regulates the activity of macrophages, playing an important role in forming unstable plaques that increase heart attack and stroke risk.
A new study found that MERRICAL, a long non-coding RNA sequence, is involved in recruiting macrophages to the arterial wall and promotes atherosclerosis progression. Reducing MERRICAL expression levels using inhibitors significantly reduced atherosclerosis and aortic lesion formation.
Researchers at NDORMS identified how cells work to resolve frozen shoulder, opening up potential new targets for treatment. The study found that distinct populations of macrophages in the shoulder capsule promote tissue remodelling and reduce inflammation.
Researchers discovered that consuming over 22% of daily calories from protein can lead to increased activation of immune cells contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Leucine, an amino acid found in animal-derived foods, plays a disproportionate role in driving pathological pathways linked to atherosclerosis.
Researchers have identified macrophages, immune cells that gobble up foreign substances, in the pleural cavity around the lungs. These cells play a crucial role in reducing inflammation and disease during flu infections.
Researchers discovered that blocking efferocytosis pathway prevents immunosuppressive activity in macrophages, restoring T cell activation and reducing metastatic tumour burden. The study found PDAC metastases to show high levels of immunosuppressive macrophages, promoting tumour growth.
A team of researchers from Texas Heart Institute and Baylor College of Medicine have made a significant discovery about the underlying molecular cell states within transplanted pediatric hearts. They found that donor-derived tissue-resident macrophages are crucial for graft acceptance, but their loss leads to allograft failure.
Lung adenocarcinoma cells manipulate macrophage lipid metabolism to drive tumor progression. This exploitation of immune cells' metabolic pathways may be targeted with statins, improving lung cancer treatments.
Researchers have discovered a new treatment that enhances the body's natural defences against atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Treating arthritic mice with RvT4 reduces blood vessel inflammation by re-programming macrophages to release stored lipids.
A recent study published in PNAS suggests that impaired macrophage function plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. The research found that collagen breakdown is handled by macrophages, which become deactivated in obesity and insulin resistance, leading to the accumulation of collagen fragments.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a promising new immunological pathway to treat stubborn bone tumors in breast cancer patients. The glyco-immune checkpoint axis, involving protein Siglec-15, plays a crucial role in hiding bone tumors from the immune system.
Researchers aim to improve glioma treatment with direct light therapy that targets cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The project will investigate the efficacy and safety of this approach, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers have discovered how the TamAB system helps Salmonella survive under harsh conditions inside macrophages. The study found that TamAB creates favorable conditions for the Bam complex to work, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Understanding this process could help in developing treatments for Salmonella infections.
Research reveals that inhaling asbestos or similar nanofibers can lead to pulmonary fibrosis due to their inability to be fully encapsulated by macrophages. The study found that fibers over 15 microns in length cause leaked secretions harmful to alveolar walls, leading to repeated pulmonary lesions and potential fibroma development.
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have created a new treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI) that leverages macrophages to deliver localized anti-inflammatory treatment. The approach reduced lesion size by 56% and significantly decreased local inflammation levels in pigs, offering a promising new direction for TBI treatment.
Researchers created a new brain imaging method that allows diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) even when existing imaging techniques don't show structural abnormalities. The technique uses immune cells to carry imaging agents into the brain, increasing correctly diagnosed mTBI cases and improving patient care.
Researchers at Kobe University developed a new model of mice with humanized immune systems to test anti-cancer drugs targeting the immune system. The study showed that a therapy blindfolding immune cells to self-recognition can activate them to attack tumor cells, promoting an effective cancer response.
Researchers at the University of Turku found that bexmarilimab therapy alters macrophage behavior to promote anti-tumor immune defense. The therapy was well-tolerated and stabilized disease progression in patients with advanced-stage cancer, inducing tumor-associated macrophage and lymphocyte activation.
A team of Kyoto University researchers found that macrophages produce granulomas through a hyperactive metabolic pathway called the pentose phosphate pathway. Inhibition of this pathway showed therapeutic efficacy in reducing granuloma formation in vitro and in mouse tissue models.
Researchers discovered that RvD2, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator, can alleviate established liver scarring or fibrosis. Treatment with RvD2 improved liver histopathology and increased bone marrow and blood monocytes.
A new study found that a type of white blood cell called tumour-associated macrophages can promote the formation of lymphatic vessels, facilitating cancer cell transport to other organs. However, these cells also reduce breast cancer spread to the lungs while increasing it to the lymph nodes.
In a significant breakthrough, research revealed that macrophages 'eat' pancreatic beta cells to regulate insulin levels after pregnancy. This process helps maintain normal blood glucose levels.
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that disrupted NAD(H) homeostasis is a key factor in tuberculosis pathogenesis. The researchers found that the glycolytic pathway can be selectively inhibited using an LDH enzyme with mostly LDHA subunits, which preferentially converts pyruvate to lactate and NADH to NAD+.
Researchers discovered that adrenergic signals from the autonomic nervous system determine whether macrophages multiply and migrate into damaged heart tissue. This communication also plays a crucial role in regenerating heart muscle tissue.
Researchers investigate nanoparticles for cancer treatment, hoping to reduce side effects and improve efficacy. La-Beck's lab aims to understand the body's interaction with nanoparticles and their impact on tumor growth and immune responses.
A recent study by Harvard researchers provides an engineering approach to understanding the failure of macrophages in cancer therapies. The team found that different phenotypes exhibit different penetration into tumors, with M0 macrophages showing improved transport efficiency.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that cancer stem cells cause macrophages to age, suppressing their antitumor activity. Supplementing mice with nicotinamide mononucleotide restored macrophage function and prevented tumor growth.
Researchers led by Dr. Ming Li at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center investigate the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation and its role in cancer. They aim to uncover new biological insights to target the immune system for cancer therapy, building on recent advancements in immunotherapy.
Macrophages produce polyamines spermidine and spermine, which benefit epithelial cells, promoting their proliferation and defense mechanisms. This "commensal metabolism" supports the efficient self-renewal of the intestinal epithelium.
Researchers discovered five types of macrophages in fat tissue, with one subtype promoting inflammation and another quelling it. The findings challenge the long-held assumption that pro-inflammatory macrophages are solely responsible for obesity-related inflammation.
A new study reveals that changing nutrient use can reprogram immune cells, potentially treating cancer and infections. By blocking choline metabolism, researchers found a 'tremendous reprogramming of the immune profile' in mice, suggesting this knowledge could lead to novel therapies.
A team of researchers at Mays Cancer Center has identified protein markers that could signal the early development of metastatic lung cancer. These markers have led to a $1.6 million grant and will pave the way for a clinical trial in patients with advanced lung cancer.
Researchers have developed a novel zebrafish xenograft platform to screen for novel treatments for glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor. The platform uses zebrafish avatars to model glioblastoma cells from individual patients, allowing researchers to identify patient-specific targets and potential treatments.
A new study reveals that COVID-19 triggers a dangerous immune response in hardened fatty deposits lining the heart's largest blood vessels. This inflammation can lead to immediate and longer-lasting heart issues, including plaque rupture and blockage of blood flow.
A team of scientists has developed a method to detect active Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), which are responsible for destroying unwanted proteins in cells. The new technology, called a molecular radar, reveals which CRLs are deployed to address cellular stresses and perform the actions of some anti-cancer drugs.