Articles tagged with Macrophages
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Researchers at Rice University have discovered a promising new immunological pathway to treat stubborn bone tumors in breast cancer patients. The glyco-immune checkpoint axis, involving protein Siglec-15, plays a crucial role in hiding bone tumors from the immune system.
Researchers aim to improve glioma treatment with direct light therapy that targets cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The project will investigate the efficacy and safety of this approach, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers have discovered how the TamAB system helps Salmonella survive under harsh conditions inside macrophages. The study found that TamAB creates favorable conditions for the Bam complex to work, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Understanding this process could help in developing treatments for Salmonella infections.
Research reveals that inhaling asbestos or similar nanofibers can lead to pulmonary fibrosis due to their inability to be fully encapsulated by macrophages. The study found that fibers over 15 microns in length cause leaked secretions harmful to alveolar walls, leading to repeated pulmonary lesions and potential fibroma development.
Researchers created a new brain imaging method that allows diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) even when existing imaging techniques don't show structural abnormalities. The technique uses immune cells to carry imaging agents into the brain, increasing correctly diagnosed mTBI cases and improving patient care.
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have created a new treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI) that leverages macrophages to deliver localized anti-inflammatory treatment. The approach reduced lesion size by 56% and significantly decreased local inflammation levels in pigs, offering a promising new direction for TBI treatment.
Researchers at Kobe University developed a new model of mice with humanized immune systems to test anti-cancer drugs targeting the immune system. The study showed that a therapy blindfolding immune cells to self-recognition can activate them to attack tumor cells, promoting an effective cancer response.
Researchers at the University of Turku found that bexmarilimab therapy alters macrophage behavior to promote anti-tumor immune defense. The therapy was well-tolerated and stabilized disease progression in patients with advanced-stage cancer, inducing tumor-associated macrophage and lymphocyte activation.
A team of Kyoto University researchers found that macrophages produce granulomas through a hyperactive metabolic pathway called the pentose phosphate pathway. Inhibition of this pathway showed therapeutic efficacy in reducing granuloma formation in vitro and in mouse tissue models.
Researchers discovered that RvD2, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator, can alleviate established liver scarring or fibrosis. Treatment with RvD2 improved liver histopathology and increased bone marrow and blood monocytes.
A new study found that a type of white blood cell called tumour-associated macrophages can promote the formation of lymphatic vessels, facilitating cancer cell transport to other organs. However, these cells also reduce breast cancer spread to the lungs while increasing it to the lymph nodes.
In a significant breakthrough, research revealed that macrophages 'eat' pancreatic beta cells to regulate insulin levels after pregnancy. This process helps maintain normal blood glucose levels.
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that disrupted NAD(H) homeostasis is a key factor in tuberculosis pathogenesis. The researchers found that the glycolytic pathway can be selectively inhibited using an LDH enzyme with mostly LDHA subunits, which preferentially converts pyruvate to lactate and NADH to NAD+.
Researchers investigate nanoparticles for cancer treatment, hoping to reduce side effects and improve efficacy. La-Beck's lab aims to understand the body's interaction with nanoparticles and their impact on tumor growth and immune responses.
Researchers discovered that adrenergic signals from the autonomic nervous system determine whether macrophages multiply and migrate into damaged heart tissue. This communication also plays a crucial role in regenerating heart muscle tissue.
A recent study by Harvard researchers provides an engineering approach to understanding the failure of macrophages in cancer therapies. The team found that different phenotypes exhibit different penetration into tumors, with M0 macrophages showing improved transport efficiency.
Researchers led by Dr. Ming Li at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center investigate the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation and its role in cancer. They aim to uncover new biological insights to target the immune system for cancer therapy, building on recent advancements in immunotherapy.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that cancer stem cells cause macrophages to age, suppressing their antitumor activity. Supplementing mice with nicotinamide mononucleotide restored macrophage function and prevented tumor growth.
Researchers discovered five types of macrophages in fat tissue, with one subtype promoting inflammation and another quelling it. The findings challenge the long-held assumption that pro-inflammatory macrophages are solely responsible for obesity-related inflammation.
Macrophages produce polyamines spermidine and spermine, which benefit epithelial cells, promoting their proliferation and defense mechanisms. This "commensal metabolism" supports the efficient self-renewal of the intestinal epithelium.
A new study reveals that changing nutrient use can reprogram immune cells, potentially treating cancer and infections. By blocking choline metabolism, researchers found a 'tremendous reprogramming of the immune profile' in mice, suggesting this knowledge could lead to novel therapies.
A team of researchers at Mays Cancer Center has identified protein markers that could signal the early development of metastatic lung cancer. These markers have led to a $1.6 million grant and will pave the way for a clinical trial in patients with advanced lung cancer.
Researchers have developed a novel zebrafish xenograft platform to screen for novel treatments for glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor. The platform uses zebrafish avatars to model glioblastoma cells from individual patients, allowing researchers to identify patient-specific targets and potential treatments.
A new study reveals that COVID-19 triggers a dangerous immune response in hardened fatty deposits lining the heart's largest blood vessels. This inflammation can lead to immediate and longer-lasting heart issues, including plaque rupture and blockage of blood flow.
A team of scientists has developed a method to detect active Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), which are responsible for destroying unwanted proteins in cells. The new technology, called a molecular radar, reveals which CRLs are deployed to address cellular stresses and perform the actions of some anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that senescent macrophages in the lung promote tumor growth by blocking the immune system's response to abnormal cell growth. Eliminating these senescent cells delays tumor formation, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Penn State researchers develop a bubble-based technique to visualize macrophages in mammal tissue, offering insights into immune system regulation and potential therapies. The approach enables real-time monitoring of immune cells, which could lead to more effective cell-based treatments for conditions like cancer and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a unique supramolecule to remove cholesterol from macrophages, stopping the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mice. Cholesterol crystals are also found in human patients, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.
Researchers developed a personalized combination treatment that turned on an immunometabolic switch to effectively control aggressive prostate cancer. The treatment showed complete tumor control and long-lasting survival without side effects in a mouse model of advanced prostate cancer.
The study reveals 15 distinct macrophage subtypes, including microglia-like cells and proangiogenic macrophages, which play critical roles in early tissue development. Macrophages were found to influence neural crest cell differentiation and contribute to vascular development during prenatal stages.
Defective exosomes in diabetic patients drive inflammation and impair wound healing. Researchers identified alterations in exosome cargo and release that compromise wound healing in diabetes. New exosome-focused therapies may promote healing of chronic wounds.
Researchers discuss the essential role of macrophages in metastatic growth of lung colonies in melanoma, highlighting their importance in clearing challenges to tissue integrity and promoting growth-related processes. The authors emphasize the need for targeted therapies against macrophages to combat untreatable metastasis.
Researchers have deciphered a biochemical mechanism explaining how cortisone preparations mediate inflammation-resolving effects in human immune cells. Cortisone influences enzymes involved in the formation of inflammation-resolving messenger substances, inducing resolvins early but impairing function later.
The study found that black soldier fly larvae oil exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and improving colon health. BSFL oil's unique compound profile may offer a new approach to managing inflammatory diseases.
A study found that border-associated macrophages play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Deleting MHCII from these cells reduced neuroinflammation, suggesting they are essential for presenting alpha-synuclein antigens to T cells.
Researchers at TUM develop an RNA agent for a lung spray that slows macrophage activity, reducing lung inflammation and fibrosis. The active substance RCS-21 is delivered via an inhaler through a special sugar molecule, showing promise in treating acute inflammatory lung damage.
A team of researchers identified a specific subtype of complement-producing macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions that exacerbate plaque necrosis and cardiovascular events. The study suggests a potential therapeutic target to control complement activation within cells, which may also apply to other chronic inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital discovered a critical protein, NLRP11, that alerts the body to bacterial infections and initiates an effective immune response. This finding may lead to improved 'humanized' mouse models of infections and diseases involving the immune system.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System discovered that improper calcium signaling in mitochondria accelerates chronic inflammation, leading to age-related conditions. Increasing calcium uptake in macrophages may help prevent harmful inflammation and its effects on the brain.
Researchers found that expression of CiDRE in alveolar macrophages makes patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 invasion and promotes cytokine storm. The genetic quirk is associated with severe COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting potential treatments targeting IL-10R and CiDRE.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered that female mice secrete more RELMalpha, an immune protein, which protects them against obesity and inflammation. In contrast, male mice have lower levels of RELMalpha, leading to increased inflammation and obesity.
Researchers discovered that nickel-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit the activation of three inflammasomes, including NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2, in primary macrophages. The study found that these nanocrystals effectively treated colitis and acute peritonitis by reducing disease symptoms.
A study published in Science reveals that ganglia in the neck region are responsible for disrupting melatonin production and causing sleep disturbances in people with heart conditions. Researchers found that macrophages accumulate in the ganglion, leading to inflammation and scarring, which can be treated with drugs.
Massachusetts General researchers discover that macrophages and their proteins contribute to AFib's irregular heartbeat patterns. Inhibiting macrophage recruitment reduces AFib, suggesting a promising strategy for treatment.
A study by Forsyth Institute researchers reveals a link between periodontal disease and amyloid plaque formation in the brain. Oral bacteria can travel to the brain, causing neuroinflammation and promoting cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
Researchers discovered a protein, C/EBPα, that accelerates B lymphocyte-to-macrophage conversion by interacting with PU.1. This epigenetic mechanism may be targeted for cancer research and treatment.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have developed a new therapy that uses engineered macrophages to eliminate solid tumors. The treatment works by silencing a molecular pathway that prevents white blood cells from attacking cancer cells, allowing them to recognize and destroy tumoroids.
Two studies investigate long-term consequences of COVID-19, identifying potential drug targets for treating chronic disease. Researchers found novel pathways in the lungs and immune system that may lead to effective treatment options, including therapies targeting immune dysfunction and mucous cell differentiation.
Researchers at USP in Brazil discovered that Leishmania parasites manipulate the protein gasdermin-D to prevent the immune system from killing them. This allows the parasite to continue replicating and causing disease. The findings offer hope for developing novel treatments for leishmaniasis, a disease affecting 30,000 people annually.
Researchers have developed a new immunotherapy targeting tumour macrophages, which are immunosuppressive cells that weaken the immune system. The treatment, RImAb, reduces tumour growth and modifies the tumour microenvironment, offering potential for a new line of treatment for lung cancer patients.
Scientists have created a new way to image and track macrophages in the body using ultrasound-enhanced immune cells. This method has potential for early cancer detection and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. The technique involves attaching microbubbles to macrophages, allowing for high-resolution tracking images.
Researchers have discovered that most immune cells contributing to chronic inflammation in severe COVID-19 are not infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Instead, these uninfected macrophages detect damage and trigger a strong inflammatory response, leading to excessive collateral damage.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that tumor-associated macrophage clustering in the stromal compartment is associated with poor outcomes. The study developed a score based on gene expression to predict macrophage clustering, which also predicted disease stage and survival.
A cell therapy using myeloid cells bound to drug delivery microparticles reduces disease burden in a preclinical multiple sclerosis model. The therapy partially reverses hind limb paralysis and improves motor functions.
A study from MedUni Vienna found that macrophages in the duodenum control iron absorption by degrading transferrin. This discovery may lead to new treatment options for inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal infections.
Researchers have found a new target and drug combination that appears to stop the destruction of vision in premature newborns. By blocking ACAT1, an enzyme that converts cholesterol into smaller pieces, scientists can prevent the formation of leaky blood vessels and inflammation in the retina.
A study by University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers reveals that cadmium-induced inflammation increases the severity and mortality of lung infections. The findings suggest that targeting the regulation of PPAR-gamma in macrophages may protect against severe pneumonia.
Researchers at Nagoya University found an alternative route for microglia colonization in the embryonic brain, suggesting a novel approach to combat diseases like fetal brain dysfunction. Macrophages can convert into microglia later in development, providing new insights into microglial plasticity and behavior.
A recent study published in the journal Immunity has shed light on the immune response to parasitic worm infection, revealing a critical role for T cells and macrophages. The research team identified specific signaling molecules that control the development of tissue-resident macrophages, which are essential for eliminating the infection.
Researchers found that applying ice to minor muscle damage in rats enhances muscle repair and reduces inflammation. The study used an animal model of mild injuries and showed that icing attenuates the recruitment of pro-inflammatory macrophages, preventing injury expansion. This contradicts previous findings on the negative effects of ...