Articles tagged with Macrophages
Researchers have found a non-opioid drug that targets immune cells to relieve pain, providing an alternative to addictive opioid drugs. The investigational drug, EMA401, inhibits the angiotensin II type 2 receptor on macrophages, leading to pain signal transmission.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a supramolecular therapeutic that blocks the 'eat me not' signal sent by cancer cells and converts macrophages to the attacking M1 subtype. The approach has yielded promising results in preclinical models, showing complete inhibition of tumor growth and increased survival rates.
Researchers develop a two-part 'punch' to re-educate macrophages and enhance their capacity to eat tumor cells, leading to complete inhibition of tumor growth. The therapy, tested in melanoma and breast cancer preclinical models, shows promise as a complementary treatment option.
Macrophage receptors trigger intestinal contractions, leading to severe diarrhea in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The discovery opens up new avenues for developing targeted treatments for this debilitating side effect.
A tumor suppressor protein called Arl11 has been found to play a crucial role in the functioning of the immune system, particularly in detecting and destroying pathogens. By initiating a signaling cascade, Arl11 helps macrophages to engulf bacteria and release signaling molecules that activate other immune cells.
Researchers discover a causal relationship between inflammatory responses in aging nerves and degenerative aging processes. The team found that reducing macrophage activity improves nerve structure and function, increasing mobility and quality of life for those affected by age-related muscle weakness.
Researchers have found that active HIV in macrophages can cause learning and memory problems in mice, even with suppressed viral levels. The study suggests that macrophages may transport HIV to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment.
A study at Osaka University has identified Sema6D as a crucial protein in the activation of macrophages that protect against inflammatory disorders. The research found that Sema6D plays a key role in the metabolic reprogramming necessary for M2-type macrophages to function properly, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A new study reveals that macrophages nurture mammary stem cells through chemical signaling, enabling the precursors of milk-producing cells to mature. The research found that Dll1 signaling is essential for maintaining a healthy mammary gland and may hold clues to preventing breast cancer.
Scientists have identified a new signaling pathway essential for mammary gland development, involving the interaction between stem cells and macrophages. The discovery provides insight into breast cancer genesis and spread, potentially paving the way for early detection and targeted therapies.
Macrophages use a membrane protein called SLC4A7 to acidify their phagosomes, allowing them to kill bacteria. Impaired SLC4A7 leads to decreased capacity to kill bacteria and increased protons in the cytoplasm.
Researchers used proteomics to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of Trichomonas vaginalis and Aspergillus fumigatus, identifying palmitoylation sites in T. vaginalis proteins that regulate infectivity and a strategy for A. fumigatus to evade macrophage destruction. This work suggests potential treatments for these infections.
A study published in Developmental Cell found that a signal from the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling molecule Eiger reduces tension in tissue barrier cells, allowing immune cells like macrophages to pass through more easily. This mechanism was previously unknown and has potential importance beyond fruitflies to vertebrates.
Researchers developed a novel PET tracer that targets joint inflammation and can visualize active inflammation sites in arthritic joints. The tracer, fluorine-18 F-FEDAC, shows promise for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis, potentially improving treatment outcomes.
A Monash University study has identified a lethal fungus that destroys the immune cell responsible for killing it by depleting its source of nutrients. The research found that Candida albicans competes with macrophages for glucose, leading to their death.
Aging nerves are damaged by immune cells that drive degeneration, but a new treatment blocks these cells, restoring nerve structure and muscle strength. Treatment with a cytokine receptor inhibitor reduced macrophage numbers and improved grip force in aging mice.
Researchers found that blocking tumor-associated macrophages can improve chemotherapy response in neuroblastoma, even in T cell deficient mice. This new approach may be effective for children with high-risk disease and could lead to the development of new combination therapies.
Scientists investigate TRPV1 receptor, found in immune cells, as potential target for TBI recovery. Activating TRPV1 may balance macrophage populations and promote M2s, reducing lingering inflammation and improving cognition.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that macrophages suppress the activity of CD8 T cells, a type of immune cell that recognizes and kills melanoma cells. By disrupting macrophages, researchers found improved efficacy for immunotherapy in experimental models of melanoma.
Researchers have identified three distinct macrophage populations that play different roles in the development of atherosclerosis. These findings provide new insights into the disease and may lead to improved treatments. The study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze immune cell populations in affected vessels.
Research at Washington University School of Medicine found that aging immune cells contribute to inflammation and abnormal blood vessel growth in macular degeneration, potentially leading to vision loss. The study identified microRNA-150 as a potential therapeutic target for preventing progression to advanced forms of the disease.
A Tokyo Medical and Dental University-led study found that a protein signaling pathway enhances expression of genes encoding inflammatory mediators in macrophages, contributing to colonic inflammation. The research may lead to novel targets for IBD therapy.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered a potential 'off-switch' for inflammation by identifying the molecule itaconate, which can block production of inflammatory factors and protect against lethal inflammation. This breakthrough could lead to new anti-inflammatory medicines for diseases such as arthritis and heart disease.
Researchers at UAB identified a therapeutic target to prevent or delay heart failure by blocking early infiltration of macrophages into the heart. Macrophage targeting may also reduce inflammation and T-cell expansion in patients with pressure-overload hypertrophy.
The researchers developed a label-free multimodal microscopy platform that allows non-invasive study of cellular preparations. The platform enables the study of fine cellular processes, such as macrophage cells activation upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), at single-cell level through phenotypic and molecular characterization.
Researchers have found that dermal macrophages capture and recapture tattoo pigment, allowing for continuous maintenance of tattoos. This process can be disrupted by killing off macrophages, potentially improving the effectiveness of laser surgery in removing unwanted tattoos.
Researchers at CNIC identified a function of the protease MT4-MMP, which increases surveillance activity of blood-patrolling monocytes. This blockade could potentiate treatments for infection or prevent metastasis, but its effects on later stages need analysis.
A Massachusetts General Hospital team discovered that macrophages, immune cells known for removing debris, are actively involved in the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Elevated levels of inflammatory cardiac macrophages were found in both mouse models and human patients with HFpEF.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have found that macrophages express insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) 1 and 2, which support breast cancer metastasis. The study suggests a significant reduction in tumour cell growth and lung metastasis when IGFs are blocked with paclitaxel.
A new study establishes a decisive link between immune cells and systemic sclerosis, providing a starting point for developing new therapies. Hundreds of macrophage genes are identified as crucial for the development of the disease.
A team of Canadian researchers has discovered a way to re-program innate immune cells to kill tuberculosis. The innovative work aims to make vaccines more effective against TB and other infectious diseases like the flu. By targeting stem cells in the bone marrow, scientists were able to boost the killing efficiency of macrophages.
A Montreal team of researchers has discovered a new approach to combat tuberculosis by reprogramming immune cells. By training stem cells in the bone marrow, macrophages can be generated to kill TB-causing bacteria. The findings offer promising results for developing an effective vaccine against TB.
Researchers developed macrophage nanosponges that can safely absorb and remove endotoxins and pro-inflammatory cytokines from the bloodstream. These nanosponges improved survival rates in mice with sepsis by preventing systemic inflammation and reducing bacterial counts.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have discovered that overexpression of the MKL1 protein in macrophages contributes to inflammation development in IBD. Targeting this protein may hold potential for treating IBD, a condition with currently no cure.
Researchers at VIB-KU Leuven have identified Caveolin-1 as a key player in suppressing metastatic growth in lung tumors. By studying macrophages at metastasis sites, they revealed that upregulation of this protein hinders cancer progression.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a second biological pathway that signals immune cells not to engulf and kill cancer cells. By blocking this newly discovered pathway, combining it with anti-CD47 antibody may enhance the immune system's ability to eradicate many types of cancers.
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals that neutrophils, a type of immune cell, play a significant role in clearing debris from damaged nerves. Without this cellular clearance mechanism, nerves cannot properly regenerate after injury.
Researchers found that an experimental drug stimulates alpha-7 nicotinic receptors, reducing inflammation and improving lung function in mice with chronic allergic conditions. The treatment also activated M2 macrophages, associated with tissue repair, and reduced pro-inflammatory molecules.
A study published in Cell Research found that intermittent fasting can be beneficial for the metabolism, reducing fat build-up and stabilizing glucose and insulin systems. After sixteen weeks of on-and-off fasting, mice weighed less and had lower body fat compared to control groups.
Researchers have identified two microRNAs, miR-294 and miR-721, that are upregulated in macrophages infected with Leishmania parasites, potentially inhibiting the immune system's response. By analyzing the expression of these microRNAs, scientists hope to identify molecular targets for developing new treatments against leishmaniasis.
A new study reveals how tuberculosis bacteria evade the immune system by hiding in macrophages. Researchers have found that only well-adapted mycobacteria avoid detection, suggesting a potential target for future treatments.
Researchers have engineered smart protein molecules called iSNAPS that can rewire macrophages to ignore a 'don't eat me' signal from cancer cells, allowing them to engulf and destroy cancer cells. This breakthrough could lead to a new method of re-engineering immune cells to fight cancer and infectious diseases.
Researchers discover nerve-associated macrophages that become inflamed with age and disrupt fat cell function. Lowering inflammation in these cells restores normal fat metabolism in older mice.
A new drug targeting technique has been developed to target specific cells in the body, potentially improving therapies for immune-related diseases. The approach preferentially targets harmful macrophages while leaving healing cells unaffected, offering a promising solution for conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases.
A study found that macrophages can produce Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a healing factor, which promotes wound repair in the intestine. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The researchers used a colonoscope with biopsy forceps to create a wound in mice and observed its healing process.
Researchers identify MARCO as a key adenovirus receptor on macrophage cells, enabling viral invasion and triggering an inflammatory response. This discovery has implications for gene therapy and the development of medications to block the receptor
Recent research from NTNU found that omega-3 fatty acids can dampen harmful inflammatory reactions in the body, particularly by activating autophagy and inhibiting interferon response factors. This may be beneficial for patients with conditions driven or aggravated by strong inflammatory responses.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered that certain viruses evade the innate immune system by spreading to blood and being fought off in organs like the liver and spleen. This finding could lead to better treatments for viral infections like Zika, dengue, and measles.
Two types of testicular macrophages have been identified, one found in interstitial spaces and another on the surface of seminiferous tubules. These macrophages prevent other immune system agents from entering the testes by releasing specific molecules.
Researchers discovered that a single protein from Group A Streptococcus bacteria can wipe out macrophages but not other immune cells, triggering an early warning system. This finding has implications for vaccine design and treatment of toxic shock syndrome.
Researchers developed a new approach to model human immune variation, identifying gene markers that correlate with human disease outcomes. The study found that accounting for immune diversity is critical for predicting disease outcomes.
Researchers at Penn have developed a new approach to targeting cancer cells using engineered macrophages, which distinguish between healthy and cancerous cells. The treatment shows promise in regressing human tumors without toxicity.
Scientists at Imperial College London discovered a way to reprogram macrophages, immune cells that cause inflammation, by blocking a single enzyme. By targeting this broken metabolism, they reduced inflammation in rats and mice with human-like diseases.
A new study reveals that particle-induced cell death depends on multiple redundant cathepsins, which can be blocked by inhibiting or silencing these enzymes in macrophages. The researchers found that several key proinflammatory events induced by sterile particles are blocked, including cell death.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals a mechanism to reverse disease in arteries by targeting an immune reaction. Researchers at NYU Langone Health discovered that certain immune cells can switch from promoting inflammation to healing, which can lead to reduced plaque growth and improved cardiovascular health.
Macrophages, known as the Pac-Man of the immune system, promote healing by regrowing severed nerves in rats, offering a promising alternative to current treatments like autografts. The approach uses biological signals to recruit younger, undifferentiated cells destined to become pro-healing macrophages.
Macrophages from CAD patients suppress T cell activation, driven by pyruvate and PD-L1. This mechanism may contribute to immune dysfunction and reactivation of long-latent viruses like varicella zoster virus.
Research reveals a defective immune cell's sweet tooth predisposes people to shingles, exacerbating heart disease. The connection shows how the same mechanism disabling immune response to viral infections also affects heart conditions.
Trehalose boosts autophagy in macrophages, allowing them to reduce atherosclerotic plaque. The study shows promise for treating atherosclerosis and other metabolic conditions.
Researchers found that radiation therapy can improve the delivery of cancer nanomedicines up to 600% by attracting macrophages to tumor blood vessels, leading to increased nanoparticle uptake. This combination strategy shows promise for enhanced treatment efficacy and could be tested in clinical trials quickly.