Articles tagged with Macrophages
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Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a second biological pathway that signals immune cells not to engulf and kill cancer cells. By blocking this newly discovered pathway, combining it with anti-CD47 antibody may enhance the immune system's ability to eradicate many types of cancers.
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals that neutrophils, a type of immune cell, play a significant role in clearing debris from damaged nerves. Without this cellular clearance mechanism, nerves cannot properly regenerate after injury.
Researchers found that an experimental drug stimulates alpha-7 nicotinic receptors, reducing inflammation and improving lung function in mice with chronic allergic conditions. The treatment also activated M2 macrophages, associated with tissue repair, and reduced pro-inflammatory molecules.
A study published in Cell Research found that intermittent fasting can be beneficial for the metabolism, reducing fat build-up and stabilizing glucose and insulin systems. After sixteen weeks of on-and-off fasting, mice weighed less and had lower body fat compared to control groups.
Researchers have identified two microRNAs, miR-294 and miR-721, that are upregulated in macrophages infected with Leishmania parasites, potentially inhibiting the immune system's response. By analyzing the expression of these microRNAs, scientists hope to identify molecular targets for developing new treatments against leishmaniasis.
A new study reveals how tuberculosis bacteria evade the immune system by hiding in macrophages. Researchers have found that only well-adapted mycobacteria avoid detection, suggesting a potential target for future treatments.
Researchers have engineered smart protein molecules called iSNAPS that can rewire macrophages to ignore a 'don't eat me' signal from cancer cells, allowing them to engulf and destroy cancer cells. This breakthrough could lead to a new method of re-engineering immune cells to fight cancer and infectious diseases.
Researchers discover nerve-associated macrophages that become inflamed with age and disrupt fat cell function. Lowering inflammation in these cells restores normal fat metabolism in older mice.
A new drug targeting technique has been developed to target specific cells in the body, potentially improving therapies for immune-related diseases. The approach preferentially targets harmful macrophages while leaving healing cells unaffected, offering a promising solution for conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases.
A study found that macrophages can produce Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a healing factor, which promotes wound repair in the intestine. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The researchers used a colonoscope with biopsy forceps to create a wound in mice and observed its healing process.
Researchers identify MARCO as a key adenovirus receptor on macrophage cells, enabling viral invasion and triggering an inflammatory response. This discovery has implications for gene therapy and the development of medications to block the receptor
Recent research from NTNU found that omega-3 fatty acids can dampen harmful inflammatory reactions in the body, particularly by activating autophagy and inhibiting interferon response factors. This may be beneficial for patients with conditions driven or aggravated by strong inflammatory responses.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered that certain viruses evade the innate immune system by spreading to blood and being fought off in organs like the liver and spleen. This finding could lead to better treatments for viral infections like Zika, dengue, and measles.
Two types of testicular macrophages have been identified, one found in interstitial spaces and another on the surface of seminiferous tubules. These macrophages prevent other immune system agents from entering the testes by releasing specific molecules.
Researchers discovered that a single protein from Group A Streptococcus bacteria can wipe out macrophages but not other immune cells, triggering an early warning system. This finding has implications for vaccine design and treatment of toxic shock syndrome.
Researchers developed a new approach to model human immune variation, identifying gene markers that correlate with human disease outcomes. The study found that accounting for immune diversity is critical for predicting disease outcomes.
Researchers at Penn have developed a new approach to targeting cancer cells using engineered macrophages, which distinguish between healthy and cancerous cells. The treatment shows promise in regressing human tumors without toxicity.
Scientists at Imperial College London discovered a way to reprogram macrophages, immune cells that cause inflammation, by blocking a single enzyme. By targeting this broken metabolism, they reduced inflammation in rats and mice with human-like diseases.
A new study reveals that particle-induced cell death depends on multiple redundant cathepsins, which can be blocked by inhibiting or silencing these enzymes in macrophages. The researchers found that several key proinflammatory events induced by sterile particles are blocked, including cell death.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals a mechanism to reverse disease in arteries by targeting an immune reaction. Researchers at NYU Langone Health discovered that certain immune cells can switch from promoting inflammation to healing, which can lead to reduced plaque growth and improved cardiovascular health.
Research reveals a defective immune cell's sweet tooth predisposes people to shingles, exacerbating heart disease. The connection shows how the same mechanism disabling immune response to viral infections also affects heart conditions.
Macrophages, known as the Pac-Man of the immune system, promote healing by regrowing severed nerves in rats, offering a promising alternative to current treatments like autografts. The approach uses biological signals to recruit younger, undifferentiated cells destined to become pro-healing macrophages.
Macrophages from CAD patients suppress T cell activation, driven by pyruvate and PD-L1. This mechanism may contribute to immune dysfunction and reactivation of long-latent viruses like varicella zoster virus.
Trehalose boosts autophagy in macrophages, allowing them to reduce atherosclerotic plaque. The study shows promise for treating atherosclerosis and other metabolic conditions.
Researchers found that radiation therapy can improve the delivery of cancer nanomedicines up to 600% by attracting macrophages to tumor blood vessels, leading to increased nanoparticle uptake. This combination strategy shows promise for enhanced treatment efficacy and could be tested in clinical trials quickly.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre discovered a way to modify white blood cells to accelerate cutaneous healing. The treatment uses a special protein called MFG-E8 to control macrophage behavior, promoting anti-inflammatory and pro-reparatory reactions.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky discovered that macrophages play a crucial role in complex tissue regeneration in mammals. The team found that specific subtypes of macrophages are required for regeneration, which could lead to novel clinical approaches to restore damaged tissue in humans.
A compound called interleukin 4 helps macrophages kill parasites and promote healing in lung tissue by binding to a receptor called myosin 18A. This discovery could lead to better treatments for common infections, including those caused by parasitic worms that infect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
Researchers discovered that tumor-associated macrophages steal checkpoint blockade antibodies from T cells, leading to improved responses in mouse models. Blocking FcγR receptors allows checkpoint inhibitors to effectively target cancer cells.
The KAIST team discovered a new molecular signal triggered by IPMK enzyme in mediating innate immune response to sepsis. This finding suggests a potential therapeutic target for treating serious medical conditions like neuroinflammation and polymicrobial sepsis.
Phagocytosis not only eliminates useless cells, but also 'educates' macrophages, the immune cells that carry it out. This process helps maintain tissues in a clean and healthy state. Researchers identified specific molecular toolkits for eliminating unwanted cells in each tissue.
Researchers created a new model to study how chlamydia interacts with the human immune system, identifying key players IRF5 and IL-10RA. The results suggest these genes could be drug targets for new treatments.
Researchers discovered that macrophages aggregate around cardiac cells to facilitate electrical conduction, helping the heart beat in rhythm. This finding suggests a new role for immune cells in electrophysiology and may lead to new therapeutics for heart disease.
A recent study has discovered that macrophages are essential for the normal functioning of the heart, helping conduct electric signals that coordinate heartbeat. The findings suggest that changes in macrophage numbers or properties may contribute to heart rhythm abnormalities.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have found that HIV persists in macrophage cells, a type of white blood cell, which has significant implications for HIV cure research. This discovery demonstrates that two types of cells may be targets for therapeutic intervention to eradicate the virus.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have uncovered a critical pathway by which pancreatic cancer cells evade the immune system, involving high levels of two proteins - dectin-1 and galectin-9. The study found that blocking this interaction can increase survival in mice with pancreatic tumors.
Researchers found that inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 activation can silence Ebola virus-infected macrophages, a potential treatment option. The study also suggests this approach could work for other hemorrhagic fever viruses.
Scientists discovered that obesity disrupts the balance of 'guardian immune cells,' which maintain a delicate balance between immune systems. In healthy states, these cells protect against inflammation and metabolic disease, but in obese individuals, they lose their regulatory function.
Researchers discovered that macrophages transmit messages between non-immune cells, such as pigment cells in fish, to facilitate complex patterns like stripes. This unique function of macrophages suggests they may play a broader role in intercellular communication, affecting tissue development, regeneration, and cancer.
Researchers found a previously unappreciated role for Abraxane in tumor immunology, suggesting ways to improve the drug and develop new combination treatments. Nab-paclitaxel enables macrophages to switch from immune-suppressing M2 cells back into M1 cells that amplify the body's effort to kill cancer cells.
Researchers develop 'release and kill' strategy to target M. tuberculosis in infected macrophages, potentially shortening TB treatment periods. The approach leverages selective apoptosis to release the bacteria from infected cells, making them susceptible to antibiotics.
A research group at Kobe University has discovered a potential new cancer treatment that activates cancer-engulfing cells. The treatment uses an antibody to activate macrophages, which can effectively eliminate cancer cells. This discovery could lead to the development of new and more effective cancer treatments.
Researchers from Geneva and Fribourg have developed a rapid screening method to select the most promising nanoparticles for medical applications. The new approach can determine biocompatibility in under two days, reducing the need for animal testing and enabling personalized treatment.
Researchers identified how HIV infects macrophages despite protective protein SAMHD1 being switched off. A treatment to maintain macrophage defences could be crucial for reaching an HIV cure.
ABX464 upregulates IL-22 and miR-124, showing strong anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical models. The compound also prevents intestinal inflammation and protects against colitis, with therapeutic effects lasting at least 6 weeks.
Johns Hopkins researchers have identified a critical cellular switch that turns on the inflammatory immune response contributing to asthma attacks. By inhibiting this pathway, they may be able to prevent continued inflammation and long-term structural changes in the lungs.
A recent study suggests that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol may not always protect against heart disease as previously thought. HDL can actually enhance the inflammatory response of immune cells called macrophages, which counteracts its established anti-inflammatory effect in other cell types.
A recent study published in JCI Journals reveals that immune cells, specifically perivascular macrophages, play a crucial role in the development of dementia in individuals with hypertension. The research suggests that targeting these cells may be a potential approach for preventing cognitive decline in high blood pressure patients.
A study by TSRI researchers reveals that macrophages can create vessel-like structures for delivering oxygen and nutrients to growing tumors, promoting cancer progression. This finding could lead to novel cancer therapies targeting immune system cells.
A team of researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine successfully reversed diabetic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mouse models by removing the protein galectin-3 (Gal3). This finding suggests that Gal3 inhibition could be an effective way to treat type 2 diabetes.
La Jolla Institute for Immunology researchers have developed a new method to inactivate specific genes in immune cells using enhancer targeting. This approach allows for the precise deletion of genes in one cell type while leaving others intact, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapies.
Scientists discover that heme molecule interferes with macrophage cytoskeleton, immobilizing them and preventing immune cells from eliminating bacteria. Quinine, an existing malaria medication, restores functionality of affected macrophages, paving the way for new treatment possibilities.
PARP9 and PARP14 have been identified as regulators of macrophage activation, a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. The study found that silencing these genes had opposite effects on macrophage activation, with PARP14 increasing and PARP9 decreasing activation.
Researchers found that removing aging macrophages from atherosclerosis-prone mice reduced plaque buildup by 60%, suggesting a potential cellular target for therapy. The study also showed that suppressing senescence limited disease progression and reduced markers of plaque instability.
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of activity-based probes in detecting early signs of atherosclerosis. By targeting cysteine cathepsins, the probes image activated macrophage populations using optical and PET/CT methods, providing real-time monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic responses.
Researchers found that manipulating macrophages' metabolism can prevent tumor cells from spreading by stealing glucose, leading to a structured vessel barrier. The study's findings may lead to new cancer therapies targeting mTOR inhibitors and improving treatment outcomes for patients.
A significant proportion of macrophages are distributed to tissues before bone marrow function starts, maintaining themselves through stem cell-like renewal. Embryonic-derived macrophages regulate iron metabolism and the growth of the mammary gland in adults.
Tumor cells attract macrophages by releasing cytokines, which secrete growth factors that help tumor cells form spheroids and grow. Inhibiting these growth factors reduces tumor cell proliferation in a mouse model of ovarian cancer. This study sheds light on the early stages of ovarian tumor metastasis.
Macrophages can differentiate between infections and tissue injury using a single sensor, deploying specific immune responses. This discovery could lead to new targets for treating diseases with extensive tissue damage like arthritis or cancer.
Macrophages have been shown to play a crucial role in enthesitis, inflammation of tendons. Researchers found that blocking JAK inhibitors can prevent the increase of STAT1 and successfully treat Achilles enthesitis. This discovery may offer new treatment options for patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.