Articles tagged with Bacterial Dna
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Mercyhurst College has received a $72,650 NSF grant to purchase an infrared imaging system to advance research on pathogenic bacteria in beach water samples. The new equipment will enable scientists to detect proteins at low levels, refining their investigation of beach water quality and informing recreational swimmers.
A team of researchers discovered that virus-infected bacteria in pea aphids can provide protection against parasitic wasps. In laboratory experiments, about 90% of aphids carrying infected bacteria survived wasp attacks, compared to nearly no survival for those without the infection.
Researchers at VIB have determined the structure and operating mechanism of a deadly toxin-antitoxin system found in bacteria. The discovery provides new avenues for developing a class of antibiotics to combat bacterial threats.
This special issue of DNA and Cell Biology delves into the complexities of symbiosis, revealing how microorganisms adapt to changing environments and host responses. The issue highlights various studies on bacterial interactions with their hosts, exploring mechanisms of adaptation and functional plasticity in constrained mutualisms.
Researchers created 'bacterial computers' that can solve complex mathematical problems, such as the Hamiltonian Path Problem and Burnt Pancake Problem. The innovation uses synthetic biology techniques to enable living cells to perform calculations, opening up new applications for biology and mathematics.
Researchers have developed a novel biosensor using carbon nanotubes and aptamers to detect Salmonella typhi bacteria at concentrations as low as one bacterium in 5 mL. The technique enables fast, simple, and precise detection of micro-organisms.
A study published in the Journal of Dental Research found that salivary bacterial populations were significantly different in overweight women compared to healthy individuals. The presence of certain bacterial species, such as Selenomonas noxia, was linked to an increased risk of obesity.
Researchers found significant differences in salivary bacteria populations between overweight women and non-overweight women, with a single species Selenomanas noxia linked to over 98% of cases. The study suggests oral bacteria may be related to obesity pathology.
Researchers developed a new diagnostic method using tandem repeats in bacterial genomes to distinguish between pathogens like Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This technique can identify hundreds of bacteria strains quickly and accurately, helping track disease outbreaks and inform preventive measures.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified three proteins called Toll-like receptors as necessary for the autodestruction that occurs in autoimmune diseases like lupus. The study suggests that these TLRs may be good targets for therapy, potentially leading to new treatments for lupus and other autoimmune diseases.
Researchers studied DNA from 1,930 pneumococcus strains and found a link between bacterial recombination and antibiotic resistance. Bacteria that undergo sex with other species are more likely to develop resistance to antibiotics, making treatment increasingly difficult.
A soil microbe uses an enzyme to produce a herbicidal compound by breaking a non-activated carbon-carbon bond in a single step. The study provides the first three-dimensional structure of the enzyme and proposes a mechanism for its task.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a synthetic DNA binding compound that effectively kills bacteria within two minutes. The compound's ability to target and coil DNA makes it a promising approach to combatting drug-resistant bacteria.
A recent study published in Science reveals that the skin microbiome is much more diverse than previously thought, with varying levels of bacteria at different body sites. The research found that dry and moist skin had a broader variety of microbes than oily skin, and that certain skin areas were more stable over time.
Biomedical engineers at Boston University have developed synthetic gene networks that enable bacteria to count discrete events, opening up potential applications in drug delivery and environmental sensing. The researchers designed two separate systems, the Riboregulated Transcriptional Cascade and DNA Invertase Cascade, which can be us...
Researchers at Autoimmunity Research Foundation discovered that hidden bacteria alter human genes and gene products, leading to autoantibody production. Antibacterial therapies targeting these microbes can reverse autoimmune disease processes.
Researchers found that macrophages focus reactive oxygen species (ROS) on targets outside the cytoplasm to kill bacteria. The study shows that superoxide dismutases in bacterial periplasm protect bacteria from ROS, suggesting a new mechanism for macrophage-bacteria interaction.
A team of scientists exposed a bacterium to Martian conditions, finding it couldn't survive the UV levels. Another study showed bacteria could survive with protection from the surface dust layer. These findings provide baseline studies for planetary exploration.
Researchers at Kansas State University have created a graphene-based DNA sensor that can detect cancer cells in blood, leveraging the unique properties of this single-atom thick carbon material. This technology has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment, offering a new frontier in materials science and biology.
A study found 46 different species of bacteria in newborn babies' stomach contents, including two not typically found in the body. Improved dental hygiene may help reduce pregnancy complications and infections in newborns
Researchers at Uppsala University mapped the genome of a bacterium that manipulates insect sex ratios, revealing high frequencies of gene exchange within this group. The study's findings may lead to development of eco-friendly pesticides using these bacteria.
Researchers developed an onsite method to quickly diagnose tuberculosis and distinguish drug-resistant strains from treatable ones. The method uses bacteriophages with a green fluorescence protein to provide rapid and relatively cheap diagnosis in rural African areas.
Researchers found that USA300 and its forefather USA500 are nearly identical in virulence and have similar levels of virulence gene production. They also discovered that alpha toxin and alpha-type phenol-soluble modulins play a crucial role in determining the severity of community-associated MRSA infection.
Researchers detect complex microbial communities in extreme environment, sustaining life on high-altitude, arid soils. Unique bacteria thrive in soil without associated fumaroles, revealing resilience of microbes to harsh conditions.
Researchers developed a virus that knocks out bacterial defense systems, enhancing the effectiveness of antibiotics. The engineered virus targets specific bacterial genes, preventing resistance from developing and increasing survival rates in mice infected with resistant bacteria.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a new way bacteria evolve into pathogens by rewiring regulatory DNA. This finding has significant implications for identifying and assigning risk to emerging diseases.
A team of researchers has discovered a new enzyme in Shewanella that works together to oxidize lactate, a food and energy source for many microbes. The discovery suggests that dozens of bacteria use this multi-protein enzyme instead of the single-protein version, which could help clean up toxic pollutants.
Craft goat's cheese contains most bacteria from lactic acid, which may have technological and functional properties. These bacteria could be beneficial for health due to their antimicrobial compounds.
Research by Arizona State University scientists reveals that APEC can be transmitted from poultry to humans through shared genetic material, highlighting the need for a vaccine to prevent infections. The study identified key genes responsible for disease-causing effects and suggests these could be used to develop vaccine candidates.
A new University of Delaware research study is exploring the emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a leading cause of seafood-borne illness worldwide. The study aims to determine the pathogen's virulence genes and develop an agent to treat contaminated oysters.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered a DNA variation in the NLRP3 gene that increases susceptibility to developing Crohn's disease. The study reveals how a faulty bacterial sensor disrupts the digestive immune system's defense against harmful bacteria, leading to chronic inflammation and disease.
Researchers at Newcastle University have identified a new line of bacteria responsible for the ripening process and flavor of French cheese Reblochon. The reblochoni microbes, part of the Actinomycetes group, outcompete traditional starter cultures to provide flavor.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology found that 60% of bacteria present in women with intra-amniotic inflammations were missed by traditional culture testing. The researchers identified a comprehensive list of microbial species using new DNA methods, including harmful bacteria not previously linked to preterm birth.
A recent study by Cecil Lewis at the University of Oklahoma reveals that ancient microbes can provide insights into modern human health. The researchers analyzed 1,300-year-old feces from Central Mexico and found them to be more geographically structured than modern microbiomes.
A recent study found a nanoscale motor in the T4 virus, which drives DNA packaging into its capsid. This discovery could inspire engineers designing sophisticated nanomachines and may also help pharmaceutical companies develop methods to sabotage virus machinery.
Researchers found a previously unknown form of biofilm in an oxygen-deficient lake within the Frasassi cave system in Italy. The unique microbial ropes grow slowly due to limited energy availability, and are composed of bacteria and archaea species.
Northwestern University researchers have discovered a CRISPR locus that can impede the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic staphylococci by blocking plasmid transfer. This mechanism could provide a means to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in bacteria.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona has discovered a new method for protein-DNA interaction, where proteins can identify specific sequences on DNA using indirect readout. This breakthrough has implications for the development of designer drugs and could lead to a better understanding of diseases.
A team of researchers has discovered how the N4 phage injects its own RNA polymerase into E. coli bacterial cells, enabling it to create new proteins without host help. The unique property allows for potential therapeutic applications in killing E. coli bacteria.
Ethan Clark Garner has won the top award for understanding DNA segregation, assembly and regulation of bacterial actin-like proteins. His research has focused on a minimal DNA segregating machine that ensures dividing bacteria provide both halves with duplicate genetic material.
A twin study found that identical and fraternal female twins had distinct gut microbial communities, but shared a common core set of genes that performed key functions. Obese individuals had an increased representation of bacterial genes devoted to extracting calories from food.
The InVacc platform generates vaccines with enhanced properties, triggering a broader immune response and enabling faster protection against deadly diseases. The platform overcomes limitations of traditional DNA vaccines by decoding genetic material and presenting antigens to the immune system.
Biochemists at North Carolina State University have developed a new understanding of how bacterial proteins make life-or-death decisions by controlling DNA binding. The findings could lead to new targets for drugs to disrupt bacterial decision-making processes and related diseases.
A team of scientists found that bacterial biofilms can completely replace embryo cell structure, generating a faithful replica of the embryo. The bacteria consume and replace all cytoplasm in cells, creating a detailed model of the embryo.
Researchers found that brown rats in Europe carry several pathogenic species of Bartonella bacteria, including B. elizabethae, which can cause heart disease in humans. The study raises concerns about the existence of other reservoirs and vectors for this emerging infection.
A new study led by Duke University researchers found that restored wetlands have decreased soil bacterial diversity, but this decrease represents a return to biological health. The composition of these populations can reflect the status of wetland functioning and serve as an indicator of restoration success.
A CU-Boulder study found that women's hands harbor a significantly greater diversity of microbes than men, with an average of 150 different species detected. The researchers also discovered that the diversity of bacteria on individual hands was not significantly affected by regular hand washing.
Researchers have discovered a gene-protein combination that renders the lethal bacterium B. pseudomallei harmless, allowing for potential vaccine development. The Toll2 receptor is found to be effective in fending off the bacteria, contrary to previous assumptions about its limited importance.
Scientists have developed a rapid new technique called Rapid Virulence Annotation (RVA) to identify toxins and virulence factors made by bacteria that allow it to infect different types of organisms. This discovery could lead to new vaccines and anti-bacterial drugs, as well as help prevent diseases caused by disease-causing bacteria.
Researchers found that commensal bacteria DNA binds to receptors on immune cells, boosting protective T cells and clearing pathogens. This natural adjuvant mechanism enables the immune system to distinguish between harmful and beneficial microbes.
A recent study by University of Chicago researchers found that animals farmed for meat are the primary source of campylobacteriosis, a common food poisoning bug. The bacteria were commonly found in chicken and livestock, with 57% of cases linked to chicken consumption.
A new technology developed by Oregon State University can detect toxic behavior of contaminating bacteria, improving food protection while reducing costly recalls and waste. The approach uses pigment-bearing cells from Siamese fighting fish to assess toxicity in minutes.
A team of scientists has discovered that a molecule produced by a common gut bacterium activates signaling pathways associated with cancer cells. The research, published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology, sheds light on the way gut bacteria can cause colon cancer.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine discovered that human arteries play distinct roles in the immune system depending on their anatomical location. Different types of arterial samples had varying Toll-like receptor gene expressions, which may explain why certain vascular diseases affect specific parts of the body.
Bacteria use multifunctional enzymes to save energy and produce cell wall components, making them resistant to fluoroquinolone antibiotics. This 'moonlighting' activity protects the enzyme DNA gyrase from attack by antibiotics.
Researchers discovered that eosinophils release mitochondrial DNA, binding it to toxic granule proteins to form a net that traps and kills bacteria. This mechanism is linked to improved survival rates and lower bacterial numbers in mice with widespread infections.
Bacteria have been found to rely on ancient forms of RNA to trigger major changes, resolving a question about the origin of life. This discovery supports the RNA World theory, which suggests that RNA was the first form of life on Earth.
A study of two naturally mummified corpses found remnants of Helicobacter pylori bacteria in gastric tissue from North American mummies. The research suggests that H. pylori infection occurred in native populations around 1350AD in the area now known as Mexico.
Monash University scientists have initiated a clinical trials program for a footrot vaccine using reverse vaccinology to identify potential antigens. The goal is to develop a cross-protective vaccine that could significantly reduce the financial impact of footrot on the Australian wool and livestock industry.
Researchers discovered that chickens are born with healthy intestinal bacteria, challenging conventional wisdom on how birds acquire these microorganisms. The study suggests that administering probiotics in ovo could improve growth and reduce the risk of food-borne illness.