Articles tagged with Bacterial Dna
Critically ill children with reduced numbers of 'good' bacteria and decreased levels of beneficial chemicals have a higher risk of organ failure. Chemical analysis revealed dramatic depletion of certain bacterial compounds, including hippurate, formate, and 4-cresol sulphate.
A study published in Science reveals that certain gut bacteria can degrade levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease, by converting it into dopamine outside the brain. Researchers identified Lactobacillus brevis as a key player in this process and found a molecule capable of inhibiting the bacterial enzyme responsible. Th...
Researchers at the University of California San Diego discovered a complex process where viral components are transported along filaments within bacterial cells. This 'treadmill-like' structure allows for efficient movement of cargo, similar to human cell mechanisms, and has significant implications for understanding phage therapy.
Researchers have developed a new gene editing tool called INTEGRATE that harnesses bacterial jumping genes to insert any DNA sequence into the genome without cutting DNA. This technology offers a precise and reliable alternative to current gene-editing tools, which can lead to errors.
Researchers discovered a grappling hook-like appendage called type IV pili that enables Vibrio cholerae to take up DNA, bind to nutrient-rich surfaces and recognize 'family' members. The findings reveal a multifunctional toolkit for the bacterium's survival in ocean environments.
A recent study found that nearly all newborns had bacteria in their first poop, contradicting the long-held assumption of a sterile womb. The researchers collected amniotic fluid samples from 50 healthy women undergoing planned caesarean deliveries and discovered bacterial DNA in almost all viable samples.
Scientists explore the emergence of novel genes and functional proteins from random DNA sequences, revealing peptides that confer high resistance to aminoglycosides. The study demonstrates how de novo evolution can be studied experimentally in the laboratory.
Researchers discovered that bacteria employ Cas13 to counter viral attacks, employing a dormancy strategy to hinder virus replication. This approach offers superior protection against viral mutations and phage escape.
A new genetic engineering approach removes a specific component of human-made DNA to make it invisible to bacterial defenses, allowing for more efficient and time-saving gene editing. This breakthrough enables researchers to engineer clinically relevant bacteria with reduced resources and increased flexibility.
Using paper stickers to collect pathogens is more effective and less expensive than swabbing for monitoring in food processing plants. Researchers found that stickers can trap both bacterial and dead pathogens, providing a record of contamination over several weeks.
A Finnish study proves that 79% of thrombus aspirates from stroke patients contain DNA from oral pathogens. This research highlights the importance of oral health and good dental hygiene in preventing serious health damage.
Researchers discovered that previously drug-sensitive bacteria can survive exposure to antibiotics long enough to express resistance genes, rendering them immune. The mechanisms underlying this process involve a drug-jettisoning pump and horizontal gene transfer mechanisms like bacterial conjugation.
Researchers observe DNA transmission between resistant and sensitive Escherichia coli bacteria, discovering a generalist efflux pump facilitating minimal protein synthesis activity. This study opens new avenues for understanding bacterial resistance mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications.
Researchers developed a novel machine-learning approach to discover an additional mechanism by which some antibiotics kill bacteria. This secondary mechanism involves activating the bacterial metabolism of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication, leading to increased energy demands and toxic byproducts that contribute to cell death.
A team of scientists, led by microbiologist Marjon de Vos, conducted a review to explore the application of evolutionary theory in clinical microbiology. By analyzing microbial communities and genetic data, they identified potential solutions for treating cystic fibrosis patients and limiting the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a method to render the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing tool 'immunsilent', allowing for reliable and stealthy gene repair. This breakthrough brings CRISPR closer to safe clinical application, addressing key safety concerns.
Researchers discovered that bacteria produce a specific stress molecule when exposed to antibiotics, causing them to divide more slowly. This adaptation allows the bacteria to survive while maintaining high tolerance, enabling them to quickly regrow when the antibiotic treatment is ceased.
Researchers discovered a link between filamentous phages and antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The viruses form biofilms that sequester antibiotics, allowing resistant bacteria to thrive.
Scientists have created a genetically engineered bacterium that can specifically kill multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria without harming beneficial bacteria. The novel tool, based on the CRISPR-Cas9 system, has shown a minimal rate of emergence of new resistance and has potential applications in treating infectious diseases.
Researchers from UNIGE discovered that bacteria can thrive in the Dead Sea's sediments, surviving extreme conditions by feeding on ancient corpses. This finding has significant implications for searching for life on other planets and highlights the importance of understanding how microorganisms adapt to hostile environments.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University developed a method to improve CRISPR accuracy by adding a short tail to the guide RNA, creating a 'lock' that prevents off-target activity. The approach increases accuracy by an average of 50-fold across five different CRISPR systems.
Researchers found evidence of gene sharing among human-associated bacteria, with 30% higher rates than natural occurrence. Gene transfer occurred between closely related organisms and across tissue boundaries, facilitating innovation at the microbe level.
Brown University researchers capture the first 'snapshot' of two proteins involved in delivering a bacterial stress-response master regulator to the cell's recycling machinery. The discovery sheds light on the importance of the regulation for antibiotic resistance, disease-causing bacteria, and biofilm development.
Researchers at Lund University developed a new approach to treating bacterial meningitis by cutting up neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with DNase, exposing bacteria to the immune system and antibiotics. This method has shown promise in reducing bacterial loads without antibiotic intervention.
Researchers at the University of Washington tested the impact of water disinfection methods on antibiotic resistance genes. Three disinfectant methods showed greater than 90% degradation or deactivation, while two others had little to no effect.
Researchers found evidence of gum bacteria in brain samples from people with Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a link between the two conditions. A study using mice showed that the bacterium can migrate from the mouth to the brain, and an experimental drug is currently being tested for its potential to treat Alzheimer's.
Researchers tracked the spread of K. pneumoniae bacteria in a Beijing hospital and found they were highly transmissible and adaptable to antibiotics. The study highlights the importance of genomic data in understanding multi-drug resistant infections, which are predicted to rise to 10 million per year by 2050.
Scientists have developed a method to manufacture spider silk and other difficult-to-make proteins using engineered bacteria. The production of these proteins could be useful during future space missions, such as producing bullet-proof fabric or surgical sutures.
Researchers discover how bacteria evolve mutations that confer antibiotic resistance and find a way to inhibit this process with FDA-approved drug edaravone. The study reveals that low doses of ciprofloxacin induce DNA breaks, leading to mutations in bacterial populations.
Researchers found signature of 16 disease-related microbial species associated with colorectal cancer and identified Fusobacterium nucleatum and choline trimethylamine-lyase gene in fecal samples. The study paves the way for non-invasive predictive tests for different populations.
Researchers have identified over 7,000 structural variants in human gut microbiomes associated with disease risk and weight. These variants were found to be linked to a specific ability of bacteria to produce butyrate, a substance with anti-inflammatory effects.
A new study found that probiotic bacteria can evolve and change inside the mouse's gut, making them less effective and sometimes harmful. The researchers discovered that the bacteria's DNA changes and they develop new capabilities after living in the mice's intestines for a few weeks.
Researchers propose the 'air bridge' hypothesis, suggesting bacteria can be transported globally through the air, sharing antibiotic resistance genes. Studies collected from hot springs worldwide found identical viral DNA memories in bacteria from distant locations.
Researchers developed an artificial chemical DNA switch that can be turned on and off using light, offering a novel approach to epigenetics. The method uses chemical reactions in the major groove of DNA to influence gene switching, potentially leading to targeted regulation of gene expression.
Scientists at UIC identified alternative start sites within bacterial genes, finding over 100 E. coli genes with multiple protein-coding potential. This discovery opens new avenues for research into antibiotic action and pathogenicity.
Researchers at Osaka University have identified a key protein, RamR, that enables Salmonella bacteria to sense and respond to bile acids in the gut. This allows the bacteria to survive in a highly acidic environment by pumping out toxins and adapting to the conditions.
Researchers found that oral bacteria are associated with the severity of cystic pancreatic tumours, which can become cancerous. The study suggests that certain oral bacteria may play a role in the development of pancreatic cancer.
Scientists have developed a new, inexpensive method called Cas9n-based amplification reaction that avoids thermal cycles and complicated instruments. The technique uses components from the bacterial immune system to recognize specific DNA sequences and introduce genetic scissors.
Researchers have discovered how viruses evade detection by bacteria using a molecular decoy that tricks the CRISPR defense. This breakthrough expands scientists' understanding of viral strategies and raises possibilities for crafting anti-CRISPRs in the lab.
A comprehensive analysis of sewage from 74 cities in 60 countries has yielded comparable global data on antimicrobial resistant bacteria. The study found that North America, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand have low levels of antimicrobial resistance, while Asia, Africa, and South America have high levels.
Researchers discovered that freshwater bacteria grow faster in daylight and use blue light absorption mechanisms to regulate growth. The study suggests that these bacteria have special genes that allow them to sense light and adjust their metabolism accordingly.
Researchers created a lab-grown population of E. coli bacteria that became resistant to ionizing radiation through genetic mutations and enhanced DNA repair mechanisms. This breakthrough could lead to the development of radiation-resistant bacteria for environmental clean-up, cancer therapy protection, and astronaut protection in space.
Researchers have identified a novel messenger protein that rapidly alarms neighboring cells, enabling a swift response against bacterial and viral infections. This discovery holds promise for understanding and treating infectious diseases, including autoimmune conditions such as Lupus.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that gut bacteria secrete nitric oxide to communicate with mammalian hosts, controlling gene expression and influencing human health. This 'interspecies communication' strategy has implications for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cancer.
New research finds that triclosan exposure increases bacterial survival rates, making it harder for antibiotics to kill bacteria. The study suggests that widespread use of triclosan in consumer products may contribute to the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers used whole-genome sequencing to investigate a Bacillus cereus outbreak in upstate New York, revealing the causal agent produced an emetic toxin. The study highlights the potential of real-time data sharing to prevent and detect outbreaks more effectively.
A study by LMU Munich microbiologists identified an enzyme crucial for Helicobacter pylori's ability to regulate gene expression and adapt to its environment. The discovery sheds light on the bacterium's genetic diversity and its impact on human health, including the development of stomach cancer.
Scientists have identified four new anti-CRISPR proteins that can regulate CRISPR-Cas9 systems better. These proteins were found in soil and human gut samples, suggesting they are widespread in nature.
The Bitsliced Genomic Signature Index (BIGSI) allows researchers to identify antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in real time, making vast amounts of genomic data discoverable. This enables the study of disease dynamics, understanding of bacterial ancestry, and prediction of drug resistance.
A study has discovered and isolated more than 100 completely new species of bacteria from healthy people's intestines, creating the most comprehensive collection of human intestinal bacteria to date. This will help researchers worldwide to investigate how our microbiome keeps us healthy and its role in disease.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a simple method for detecting water contamination from ruminants directly at source using a DNA test. The technology uses targeted DNA amplification and detection to identify specific bacteria found in the intestinal microbiome of grazing cattle.
Researchers successfully recreated microscopic networks of fibers made of DNA, called NETs, in the laboratory. The study found that these microwebs can capture and kill bacteria, potentially leading to more effective antibiotics and a new approach to treating infections.
Researchers found that super-donors have stool rich in bacteria that enhance metabolism and can provide the necessary chemicals to restore gut balance. Fecal transplants from these 'super-donors' achieve clinical remission rates double those of other donors, offering new hope for treating a range of conditions.
Researchers at University of Otago have discovered that bacteria can use 'slipped spacers' to boost their immunity against viruses, which may hold promise for biotechnology applications and alternative treatments for infectious diseases. This finding could also impact the dairy industry by preventing bacterial resistance to phages.
Researchers developed a mobile CRISPRi system to study antibiotic function in various bacteria, including those that cause disease and promote health. The system allows scientists to screen for antibiotic targets thousands of genes at once, providing clues on how to improve existing antibiotics or develop new ones.
Researchers identify key step in transmission of antibiotic resistance and develop novel strategy to interrupt its spread. By understanding how plasmids interact with bacterial defenses, scientists can design therapies that prevent drug resistance from spreading, safeguarding future treatment options.
A DNA study found that stethoscopes are loaded with diverse bacteria, including those that cause healthcare-associated infections. Standardized cleaning methods were more effective in removing bacteria than practitioners' usual methods.
A new study found that Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria that occupy human host tissue first are more likely to thrive than competing strains. The researchers discovered that these 'owners' release toxins to kill intruders, while also releasing protective factors to defend themselves.
Researchers identify a new strain of Yersinia pestis in ancient DNA, suggesting it may have contributed to the decline of Neolithic European settlements. The strain is believed to have evolved before mass migrations from the Eurasian steppe, spreading through trade routes and infecting mega-settlements with poor sanitation.
Researchers have developed new tools for controlling specific cells in the brain using light, enabling the study of individual neurons within complex networks. The new protein pores allow for switching neurons on or off using light, opening up new possibilities for probing brain function.