Articles tagged with Bacterial Proteins
Rice University researchers capture natural selection in a flask using bacteria G. stearothermophilus. The study reveals that only six populations with specific mutations can outcompete others, pointing to the development of a system to predict antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis and Stanford University have created a mutant photosynthetic reaction center that passes electrons along an alternative pathway with a high yield of 70 percent. This breakthrough advances the understanding of photosynthesis, a crucial process for plant energy production.
Researchers have identified a new protein called PlyPH that can kill anthrax bacteria by bursting their cell walls. This protein has a wide pH range and is highly specific to anthrax bacteria, making it an attractive option for environmental decontamination and treatment.
Researchers found that bacteria gain resistance through only a small fraction of the 120 possible mutational paths in a key gene. Most pathways fail to continuously improve resistance, contradicting traditional views on evolution by natural selection.
Researchers at UCSD have discovered how bacterial messenger RNA is unfolded to be read by the cell's protein-making machinery. The study reveals essential factors required for this process and provides insights into developing novel antibiotics targeting these vulnerabilities.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding how Mycobacterium tuberculosis survives within immune cells, revealing a sophisticated protein-cleaning mechanism that could be targeted by new anti-TB drugs. This discovery may lead to effective treatments for TB and potentially eradicate the disease from infected individuals.
A large-scale search for new drugs to suppress autoimmune disease symptoms led researchers to a biochemical mechanism involving gold compounds. Gold, particularly in its special form, renders MHC class II proteins inactive, a key component of the immune system involved in autoimmunity.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have developed a fast-working biosensor that can detect infectious agents in minutes, not days. The technology uses a silicon chip and digital camera to analyze changes in surface patterns when target bacteria are present.
Researchers discovered variability in E. coli cell growth could lead to distinct survival advantages for bacteria, relevant to chronic infections and antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have identified a crucial protein domain in telomerase, an enzyme that contributes to cancer growth. The discovery provides new insights into the mechanism of cancer development and may lead to the development of targeted therapies.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding how viruses infect cells using cryoelectron microscopy and computational methods. The study reveals the importance of proteins beyond the surface shell in binding to host cells, injecting DNA, and packaging it during virus formation.
Researchers at Argonne's Structural Biology Center have contributed their 1,000th protein structure to the Protein Data Bank, providing insight into cellular behavior, disease origins, and biomolecular interactions. The achievement highlights advances in technology and data analysis.
Scientists have successfully engineered lactic acid bacteria to produce a viricide that disables HIV, paving the way for potential use as a microbicide. The genetically modified bacteria will be tested in monkeys this summer, with human trials planned for three years.
Researchers found that cryopyrin is activated by bacterial RNA and essential for the immune response against bacteria. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and potentially develop new treatments.
Researchers discovered a bacterial protein that mimics a plant cell's programmed cell death (PCD) mechanism, rendering the pathogen harmless. The study sheds light on immunity and offers potential applications in controlling crop and human diseases.
Researchers discovered Ku70 protein as critical for Rickettsia conorii entry into mammalian cells, enabling disease understanding and potential treatment. This finding suggests a new approach to combat Rickettsial infections and other intracellular parasites.
Bacteria use magnetosomes to distinguish 'up' from 'down' in the Earth's magnetic field and navigate to optimal growth conditions. A recent study identified a protein called MamJ that plays a crucial role in forming the magnetosome chain, enabling bacteria to sense the magnetic field.
Researchers at Queen's University have identified a protein that enables E. coli 0157:H7 to obtain iron, a catalyst for bacterial growth. This breakthrough discovery opens the door for studying heme iron and potentially developing therapeutics to isolate and inhibit the protein.
A recent study has discovered that plant wounds trigger the release of chemical signal molecules that attract bacteria, causing a cancer-like disease called crown gall. The discovery may lead to novel controls for gall tumors and potentially a cure for this economically significant disease.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a custom small molecule inhibitor that can prevent cholera bacteria from setting up an infection. The approach uses virulence protein expression and has potential to be widely applicable against other important pathogens.
Scientists have discovered how a biomolecule can act as a light switch, revealing its potential for high-resolution microscopy and optical data storage. The protein, asFP595, switches between fluorescent and non-fluorescent states using a tiny molecular mechanism.
A team of UCSD biochemists has discovered a mechanism for generating 10 trillion varieties of a single protein, providing a new tool for developing novel drugs. This finding, published in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, uses the genetic mechanism used by a virus that infects bacteria to create a kaleidoscope of variants.
Critically ill patients with glucose in their bronchial aspirates were twice as likely to develop MRSA and spend longer in intensive care. Elevated glucose levels may have caused or promoted bacterial growth.
New antibiotics mimic bacterial cell wall components to deactivate key defense mechanism, potentially effective against vancomycin-resistant MRSA and other bacterial strains. More studies needed to verify mechanism and determine its potential as a new line of defense against antibiotic resistance.
Researchers discovered that thermophilic bacteria have an abundance of disulfide bonds, which improve protein stability and boost heat-tolerance. The study identified a specific protein, protein disulfide oxidoreductase (PDO), playing a key role in forming these bonds.
Scientists have identified a new mechanism by which Listeria invades non-phagocytic cells, revealing similarities between phagocytosis and endocytosis. Researchers found that Listeria uses endocytosis to transport tagged proteins inside the cell.
A new study reveals that about 13% of ocean bacteria contain the light-sensitive proteorhodopsin enzyme, which harnesses sunlight's energy to survive in nutrient-poor environments. The discovery also sheds light on the potential for these microorganisms to metabolize sulfur and manufacture retinal, a molecule associated with vision.
Researchers have captured a detailed picture of the large doughnut-shaped base of the syringe barrel embedded in bacterial membranes. This discovery may lead to the development of new antibacterial drugs that can selectively target disease-causing bacteria, rendering them harmless while sparing beneficial ones.
A team of researchers has created simple structural models for over 600 Escherichia coli membrane proteins using a combination of experimental techniques and theoretical methods. The study reveals which membrane proteins can be produced in large quantities by the bacterium, crucial information for drug development.
Researchers at Purdue University found that viruses T4 and HK97 share similar protein folds in their outer shells, suggesting a common ancestor. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provide further evidence for the evolutionary conservation of viral capsid structures.
Researchers have developed a new combination vaccine that is highly effective in protecting against pneumonic plague, with antibody levels 500,000 times higher when flagellin is added to the vaccine. The vaccine also shows promise for multiple uses and requires only a few drops in the nose for protection.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new coating that provides effective fouling resistance for over five months, outlasting existing antifouling polymers. The coating, made of two parts, sticks securely to surfaces and prevents cell and protein buildup, holding promise for use on medical implants.
Researchers have created a new method to identify specific proteins in bacterial cells, simplifying the process and increasing signal-to-background ratio. The technique uses peptide mass fingerprinting with mass spectrometry, allowing for rapid identification of target proteins amidst hundreds of other cell components.
UCSD medical researchers show that a protein called I-kappa-B kinase alpha (IKKa) is responsible for terminating an inflammatory response before it can damage cells and organs. IKKa's mechanism involves interacting with proteins RelA and C-Rel, which bind to genes mediating the inflammatory response for a short duration.
Differences in UV perception allow songbirds to signal with private communication, while chestnut trees go silent during winter due to circadian clock gene regulation. A fungus has an energy-generating mechanism similar to bacteria, enabling it to harness light for proton pumping
The study identifies the BptA protein as essential for Borrelia burgdorfei's survival in ticks and potentially offers a new target for Lyme disease eradication. Without this protein, bacteria were unable to utilize blood from tick feeding, resulting in a significant decrease in bacterial levels.
Researchers solved the three-dimensional crystal structure of CD14, providing insights into its binding to LPS. The receptor has a large hydrophobic pocket that accommodates various ligands, including LPS and other microbial products.
A study published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology has uncovered the structure of resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf), a key player in TB bacteria. The discovery holds promise for developing new methods to 'wake-up' dormant bacteria, allowing antibiotics to kill and cure the disease.
Shigella bacteria uses a Type III secretion system to inject proteins into human cells, causing inflammation and symptoms of dysentery. The bacteria's lipopolysaccharide (LPS) shield protects it from being destroyed by the immune system.
The National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) funded a 10-year project to determine the shapes of proteins found in nature. The pilot phase yielded over 1,000 protein structures, transforming structure determination from manual to highly automated processes.
A study published in Science identified interleukin-1Beta (IL-1â) as a major cause of severe inflammation in mouse models of Crohn's disease, which is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting over 500,000 Americans. High levels of IL-1â were found in mice with mutant NOD2, a genetic defect linked to 50% of Crohn's cases.
The ASBMB-Merck Award lecture will focus on the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in cellular signaling and cancer. Recent research has shown that PTPs can function as tumor suppressor genes, with the PTEN gene being a key example.
Campylobacter jejuni, a common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the US, exploits human cells for nutrients and causes disease through gene regulation changes. Researchers have identified CJ1461 as a critical protein involved in this process, offering hope for developing treatments and vaccines.
A new protein, Lyz, has been discovered to transform into a different structure, enabling medical researchers to design drugs that can turn proteins on or off at the cellular level. This discovery could lead to treatment for difficult-to-cure diseases such as cancer and HIV.
The St. Jude team determined the shape of CbpA, a large protein used by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria to invade human cells. This discovery will guide researchers in developing a new vaccine that can trigger production of antibodies against the CbpA protein.
Scientists have determined how a specific protein blocks DNA replication, providing a key to designing targeted cancer therapies. By understanding the structure of this protein, researchers may also develop new forms of antibiotics.
Researchers are exploring spider silk's potential as an ecological material, with applications in wound-closure systems and durable surgical implants. By engineering artificial proteins, they hope to create intelligent materials that can assemble into new types of mesh with biochemically active groups.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new molecular switch that can transform bacteria into working sensors. The device, created using a novel fusion technique, shows promise for detecting cancer cells, releasing drugs, and monitoring chemical or biological agents.
Researchers studying Acetobacter bacteria have discovered enzymes that resist acid, shedding light on potential treatments for diseases caused by misfolded proteins. The findings could lead to more stable proteins and environmentally friendly industrial processes.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori bacteria can stick to stomach cells, allowing them to survive a strong immune response. By recombining DNA from two related genes, the bacteria can create a functional BabA gene, enabling it to bind tightly to Lewis B receptors.
Researchers have discovered a way to disable TB protein when it binds to certain molecules, making bacteria more sensitive to treatment by ethionamide. This finding suggests that combining ethionamide with benzylacetone could reduce the dosage of potent antibacterial compounds and improve TB treatment.
The study reveals how botulism-causing Clostridium botulinum detects nitric oxide, shedding light on its role in human cardiovascular, neurological, and immunological systems. The research also provides insights into the structural details of soluble guanylyl cyclase, a protein difficult to crystallize for analysis.
Researchers discovered that the HMW1B protein forms a tetramer structure, unlike previously thought monomers, which creates an active pore for substance movement across cell membranes. This finding may lead to new targets for drugs to treat H. influenzae infection.
Researchers have successfully synthesized the 22nd amino acid, L-pyrrolysine, and demonstrated its incorporation into new proteins within E. coli bacteria. The discovery explains how this amino acid is inserted into proteins inside living cells, following a traditional path that had been predicted by scientists.
The 5-year project aims to determine which microbial proteins interact with human host cells, pointing the way to new drugs. Researchers will use advanced proteomics instruments to analyze these interactions, accelerating treatment development during outbreaks.
Researchers have characterised the structure and function of Dr Adhesins, a family of proteins responsible for chronic diarrhoeal and urinary tract infections. The discovery provides new insights into how these proteins cause multiple diseases by targeting a common receptor on host cell membranes.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have created a library of small protein-like molecules that can self-assemble to form hollow corkscrew-like pores. These man-made pores can mimic biological function, filtering out unwanted molecules from solutions or carrying specific molecules across cellular membranes.
Researchers have identified viral proteins that can kill specific bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, which cause various infections. These enzymes can be delivered orally or nasally to decolonize individuals in high-risk settings.
Researchers found that DksA is crucial for regulating gene expression in bacteria, enabling them to survive and resist antibiotics. By targeting this protein, scientists may develop novel antibacterial drugs that reduce resistance.
F. William Studier develops a new method that simplifies the production of proteins in parallel, allowing for efficient biomedical research and industrial production of proteins for various applications. The new autoinduction system enables automatic protein production without human intervention, leading to increased protein yields.