Articles tagged with Human Gut Microbiota
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Researchers at Helmholtz Munich discovered that gut bacteria can directly deliver proteins into human cells, shaping immune responses. This new mechanism may help explain how changes in gut bacteria contribute to inflammatory diseases like Crohn's disease.
Researchers at NUS Medicine discovered that genetic vectors can efficiently spread antibiotic resistance within the gut, enabling even highly virulent bacteria to acquire drug resistance. This finding sheds light on the emergence of 'superbugs' in healthcare settings.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown mechanism that can reduce the risk of allergies and asthma in children. Certain bifidobacteria produce a substance called 4-hydroxyphenyl lactate (4-OH-PLA), which dampens immune responses to allergens, reducing the production of IgE antibodies.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can predict Crohn's disease years before symptoms appear. The test measures immune response to flagellin, a protein found on gut bacteria, which is elevated in individuals long before they develop the disease.
Researchers found that pain-sensing neurons activate tuft cells, which release parasite-fighting immune molecules, initiating an immune response. Silencing or removing these neurons reduces tuft cell numbers, indicating their crucial role in fighting parasites and potentially driving allergic diseases.
A new study found that breast milk carries a distinct mix of bacterial species dominated by Bifidobacterium longum, which is highly prevalent in the infant gut. The researchers also discovered
Estrogen activates previously unknown pathways in the colon, triggering pain and increasing sensitivity to certain foods. This explains why women are more likely to suffer from IBS and provides potential new ways to treat the condition.
A new study published in Gut Microbes reveals that married individuals with higher perceived emotional support have a lower body mass index and fewer food addiction behaviors. The study found that oxytocin pathways linking the brain, gut microbiome, and eating behaviors play a crucial role in shaping obesity risk.
Research suggests that owning a family dog during adolescence can boost mental well-being and social support by altering the gut microbiota. The study found that adolescents with dogs had higher mental health scores and lower social problems compared to those without dogs.
Researchers found that eating a Mediterranean diet with moderate portions of lean beef did not increase blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an emerging indicator of cardiovascular disease risk. This suggests that dietary quality is more important than the amount of beef eaten in relation to heart health.
Research reveals that medications can reshape the trillions of microbes in the gut by competing for nutrients, leading to predictable changes in the microbiome. The study provides a framework for predicting how a person's microbial community might change with a given drug, potentially helping scientists find ways to prevent side effects.
A healthy microbiome promotes overall well-being, influencing areas like cognition, mood, immunity, and disease susceptibility. By incorporating proven dietary interventions, regular exercise, stress reduction, and adequate sleep, individuals can harness their microbiome for optimal health.
Research from the University of Gothenburg has identified two bacteria that can produce bioactive serotonin, a key player in bowel movements and brain function. These findings suggest new avenues for treating functional gastrointestinal disorders like IBS.
A genetic mechanism called diversity-generating retroelements accelerates evolution in gut bacteria, allowing them to adapt to new environments. This mechanism is more common in the gut microbiome than any other environment on Earth and enables microbes to change and adapt rapidly.
Researchers found that Reelin-based therapeutics could help restore the integrity of the gut barrier, reducing inflammation and symptoms of depression. The study suggests a promising new treatment targeting both brain and gut processes.
The University of California - Riverside is receiving a $2 million grant to investigate how gut microbes interact with their human hosts to influence health. The research aims to create next-generation probiotics that strengthen the gut microbiome, improve vaccine effectiveness, and prevent infections.
A University of Hawaii study reveals how gut microbes interact with human genes, shaping disease risk, aging, and future medical treatments. The review highlights the potential for personalized medicine and precision health strategies tailored to each individual's unique microbial and epigenetic makeup.
Researchers at DTU have discovered a way to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria by nourishing special bifidobacteria that is naturally occurring in the gut. Special lactic acids produced by bifidobacteria play a key role in keeping antibiotic-resistant bacteria at bay.
A study published in Cell Host & Microbe found a significant link between the maternal gut microbiome and preterm birth. The researchers identified Clostridium innocuum as a key bacteria species that may contribute to preterm birth by degrading estradiol, a critical hormone during pregnancy.
Researchers found genetic peptides called alpha-defensins that shape gut bacteria, producing healthier microbiomes and reducing insulin resistance. This discovery suggests personalized treatments can be tailored to individual genes, offering new hope for addressing chronic diseases like obesity and diabetes.
Researchers found that children with stable gut microbiomes tend to have better growth outcomes. The study created the first-ever pediatric undernutrition microbial genome catalog, which can predict and prevent malnutrition. This discovery opens the door to new diagnostics and therapeutics for addressing global child stunting issues.
A recent study found that toddlers with a fluctuating gut microbiome showed poorer growth compared to those with a stable microbiome. The researchers created a public health database containing complete genetic profiles of microbes from fecal samples, which can be used for future studies to help predict and prevent malnutrition.
A new scientific review reveals that stress, hardship, and social challenges reshape a person's gut bacteria and brain performance, making it harder to keep weight off. Social determinants of health play a key role in obesity risk, and addressing these conditions is crucial for long-term solutions.
Researchers found that a molecule produced by gut bacteria can cause inflammation, scarring and fibrosis in the kidneys, a major complication of diabetes. Corisin, a small peptide, attaches to albumin in the blood and targets the delicate kidney structures, accelerating aging and cell death.
Researchers created comprehensive catalogue of human gut microbiota subspecies and developed model predicting colorectal cancer presence from stool samples. The method detected 90% of cancer cases, outperforming current non-invasive detection methods.
Researchers discovered that smoking produces metabolites that encourage mouth bacteria to grow in the large intestines, triggering an immune response. These bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mitis, help reduce inflammation in ulcerative colitis by triggering a specific immune response.
A new study published in Molecular Nutrition and Food Research found that red meat consumption causes an imbalance of bacteria in the intestinal microbiota, leading to exacerbated colonic inflammation. The diets resulted in a decrease in beneficial bacterial strains and an increase in pro-inflammatory cells.
Researchers discovered a multi-faceted mechanism behind ASD, revealing the gut microbiota and host immune system's influence on disease progression. Precision-selected probiotics restored metabolic balance, reduced neuroinflammation, and ameliorated behavioral abnormalities in ASD mouse models.
Neurons in the gut produce adrenomedullin 2, which expands group 2 innate lymphoid cells and provides therapeutic benefit in inflammatory bowel disease preclinical models. Elevated expression of ADM2 was found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers found that gut bacteria can feed on large molecules like cellulose derivatives when primed with natural polysaccharides, highlighting a new aspect of digestion. This discovery suggests potential effects on nutrition in humans and warrants further exploration.
Scientists create a way to eliminate harmful bacteria from the gut to prevent infections by using beneficial bacteria as an alternative. The approach has shown promising results in laboratory tests and mouse models.
Institute for Systems Biology researchers use microbial community-scale metabolic models to simulate C. diff behavior in human gut microbiome samples. They accurately predict colonization states, susceptibility, and response to probiotics, offering a path to prevent C. diff before it starts.
A new study has identified a common bacterial strain that produces signaling proteins influencing hormonal balance and affecting weight, bone density and blood sugar levels. The researchers discovered that RORDEP-producing bacteria can vary greatly between individuals and that people with high levels of these bacteria tend to be leaner.
A low FODMAP diet has been shown to improve colonic barrier function and reduce mast cell activation in patients with IBS-D. The study found that the diet reduced symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain, and improved intestinal permeability.
A new study reveals that the human gut microbiota can pinpoint an individual's city of residence with high accuracy, strongly linked to each city's characteristic diet. The researchers identified unique microbial signatures and interaction networks between cities in China, shedding light on how local environments shape our inner biology.
The 12th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota explores the microbiome's role in diagnostics, therapeutics, and systems biology. Emerging data reveal bidirectional interactions between psychotropic medications and the microbiome, highlighting new approaches to mental health.
A study by University of California, Riverside researchers found that inhaling agricultural dust can alter the gut microbiome and impair intestinal function, leading to increased 'leaky gut' and associated chronic diseases. The study highlights the need for protective measures for agricultural workers.
Researchers created an 'encyclopedia of sugar utilization pathways' in 263 Bifidobacterium genomes. This resource helps predict which strains thrive in different conditions, enabling personalized probiotics to match children's lifestyles and dietary needs. The study suggests a potential solution to improving outcomes for preterm infants.
A new study found that consuming pistachios every night for 12 weeks altered bacteria in the gut of adults with prediabetes, increasing beneficial short-chain fatty acids like butyrate. The changes may offer long-term health benefits, potentially slowing Type 2 diabetes development or reducing inflammation.
Scientists have discovered that certain species of gut bacteria can absorb PFAS, potentially protecting against its harmful effects. The researchers plan to develop probiotic dietary supplements to boost the levels of these helpful microbes in our gut.
A new study reveals that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a sharp reduction in the beneficial gut bacterium Parabacteroides merdae, alongside elevated levels of branched-chain amino acids. These changes may impair endometrial health and reproductive complications in women with PCOS.
New research warns against widespread use of Fecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) due to potential for long-lasting, unintended health consequences. Mismatches in gut ecosystems can lead to changes in metabolism, behavior, and energy balance.
A recent study found that individuals with a specific type of gut bacteria (Firmicutes) had higher bone mineral density and better metabolic health. The researchers suggest that promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria could be an effective strategy for maintaining bone mass and preventing osteoporosis.
Researchers at UCSF found that certain gut bacteria can reduce chemotherapy side effects by clearing excess drugs and producing the protective vitamin K2. Patients with more beneficial bacteria had fewer side effects, suggesting that probiotics may help mitigate chemotherapy's impact.
Researchers found that mice on a Mediterranean-style diet recovered quickly and restored a healthy gut microbiome after antibiotics, while those on a Western-style diet were susceptible to infection. The study suggests that diet can be used to treat infections in patients following cancer treatment or organ transplants.
This study found that intestinal depletion of TM6SF2 exacerbates high-fat diet-induced MASLD by altering the gut microbiota and liver lipid content. The absence of TM6SF2 also led to increased serum biomarkers associated with MASLD progression.
RMIT University has transferred patents and intellectual property related to the Atmo Gas Capsule, a real-time gut health monitor, to medical device company Atmo Biosciences. The capsule measures biomarkers directly at the source of production in the gut to aid diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders.
A study found that migrants experience a 'clear change' in their gut microbiome composition after migration, leading to increased rates of cardiovascular disease. The Amsterdam UMC-led research showed that specific groups of microbes disappear or emerge along the migration axis.
A new study reveals that specific gut bacteria can break down certain drugs, altering their efficacy. The research found that 30 out of 127 tested drugs were heavily metabolized by human gut microbiota, potentially reducing their effectiveness. The study's findings could have significant implications for personalized medicine and drug ...
A study published in Cell suggests that the gut microbiome can play a key role in protecting against gastrointestinal (GI) diseases by breaking down certain plant compounds. The researchers found that specific intestinal microbes release beneficial small molecules that regulate inflammation and promote resistance to pathogens, such as ...
This study found that aging impacts the gut microbiome composition and metabolites differently in male and female rats, influenced by biological sex and mitochondrial DNA. The researchers analyzed fecal samples from genetically diverse rats to assess bacterial changes with age, revealing more significant shifts in females.
Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated uric acid levels, linked to cardiovascular diseases, gout, renal dysfunction, and metabolic disorders. Advances in technology and genetic research are transforming management strategies, including personalized treatments and probiotic interventions.
The summit will highlight the latest research on coronavirus, plant-based protein, and probiotics, with a focus on their applications in clinical practice. Studies have found that COVID-19 affects the gut microbiome in children, while dietary protein like S100B may promote a healthy microbiome.
Researchers found that supplementing gut bacteria with Clostridium scindens can improve recovery from colonic injury and enhance regeneration of the gut lining. This approach targets the underlying issue: impaired ability of the gut to heal itself by restoring natural bile acid balance.
A new enzyme discovered in a gut bacterium has the potential to synthesize unique glycans with prebiotic properties, supporting gut health. The novel β-galactosidase could drive innovation in prebiotic products and contribute to developing new treatments for diseases like Chagas disease.
A new study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers has identified a potential biomarker for joint inflammation in Crohn's disease patients, the bacterium Mediterraneibacter gnavus. The study found that M. gnavus is associated with increased immune cell responses and disease activity scores in patients with joint inflammation.
Researchers at Kobe University discovered that gut microbes convert glucose into short-chain fatty acids when fed sugar, highlighting a new symbiotic relationship. This finding could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for regulating gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Researchers developed a synthetic microbiome therapy using limited strains of gut bacteria to effectively protect against C. difficile infections in mice. The treatment was as effective as traditional fecal transplants and had fewer safety concerns, offering a new alternative for treating this notoriously difficult-to-treat infection.
Researchers analyzed phage-bacteria communities in children's stool samples to understand their role in type 1 diabetes development. They found dynamic changes in phage and bacterial populations, suggesting an 'arms race' between the two, but no clear link to disease risk.
Researchers at the Technical University of Denmark have found that adding biochar to chicken feed can significantly reduce campylobacter levels in free-range chickens. The study, published in Poultry Science, demonstrates an 80% reduction in campylobacter and suggests a potential tool for improving public health.