How to inactivate common cold viruses
RSV virus remains infectious on surfaces for up to seven days, emphasizing the need for regular disinfection. Effective hand sanitizers with at least 30% alcohol content can inactivate the virus.
Viruses
Articles tagged with Viruses
Optics and AI find viruses faster
Researchers developed an automated viral plaque assay method combining time-lapse holographic imaging and deep learning to greatly reduce detection time. This technique can aid in developing new vaccines and antiviral drugs by expediting the testing process, allowing for faster response times to virus-induced health emergencies.
UofL researchers land nearly $12 million to study connection between microorganisms and disease
University of Louisville researchers have received a five-year, $11.7 million National Institutes of Health grant to investigate the connection between microorganisms and disease. The study will focus on various chronic conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, diabetes, periodontitis, and colorectal cancer.
Teeth could preserve antibodies hundreds of years old, study finds
Researchers found stable antibodies in 800-year-old medieval human teeth that can still recognize viral proteins, allowing them to study the history of infectious human diseases. This discovery expands the field of palaeoproteomics and may enable experts to analyze how human antibody responses developed over time.
Cleveland Clinic researchers identify novel host-based target against multiple mosquito-transmitted viruses
A recent study published in Cell Host and Microbe reveals how flaviviruses hijack human cells to promote replication. The discovery of KAT5γ's critical role in viral replication paves the way for designing inhibitory molecules to stop viral replication.
City of Hope receives $32.3 million from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine to advance innovative therapies for patients
City of Hope will conduct Phase 1 clinical trials for novel cell and gene therapy treatments for patients with HIV, acute myeloid leukemia, and severe aplastic anemia. A CAR T therapy for HIV is also being developed to potentially target other diseases.
Novel molecules fight viruses by bursting their bubble-like membranes
Researchers have developed novel molecules that target the membrane of viruses, rather than their proteins, offering a promising new approach for treating infectious diseases. The molecules, inspired by natural peptides, disrupt the protective layers of enveloped viruses like Zika and chikungunya, while sparing human cells.
UV disinfection in the treatment management of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants
Researchers investigated the inactivation efficacy of different UV wavelengths against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants, finding similar inactivation properties across various wavelengths. The study highlights the potential of far-UVC light as a safe germicidal option for mitigating airborne virus transmission.
Lethal effects of mosquito-transmitted virus mediated by cholesterol receptor
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh Center for Vaccine Research have identified a protein responsible for lethal liver disease in mice infected with Rift Valley fever virus. Removing this protein, Lrp1, from the liver prevented viral replication and extended mouse lifespan.
CiDRE renders alveolar macrophages susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 invasion
Researchers found that expression of CiDRE in alveolar macrophages makes patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 invasion and promotes cytokine storm. The genetic quirk is associated with severe COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting potential treatments targeting IL-10R and CiDRE.
Detection of bacteria and viruses with fluorescent nanotubes
Researchers developed modular optical sensors capable of detecting viruses and bacteria using fluorescent carbon nanotubes with DNA anchors. The sensors showed high reliability and selectivity in detecting SARS-CoV-2 protein, offering advantages for complex environments and future diagnostic applications.
Field records of early-20th century female public health pioneer converted to 21st century data
The digitization of Johanna Bonne-Wepster's field notes has filled significant gaps in mosquito research and tropical medicine. The collection contains valuable information on vector-borne diseases and their spread, which can inform current public health issues and future disease modeling.
Study unveils picolinic acid’s broad-spectrum antiviral abilities
Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science have discovered picolinic acid's ability to disrupt viral entry into host cells, blocking enveloped viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A viruses. The compound targets a host-derived component of the virus, causing permanent damage while minimizing effects on the host cell.
How skin cancer virus outcompetes host cell replication
Researchers have discovered how MCV initiates DNA replication in host cells, allowing the virus to make hundreds of new copies of itself. This process is different from normal cellular DNA replication and can lead to cancer if not controlled.
Atypical infections in chronic sinusitis: thinking outside the box
Researchers discuss treatment refractory forms of chronic sinusitis, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary diagnostics and therapy. Fungal infections are a rare cause, yet crucial to consider when treating this condition.
Danish researchers solve the mystery of how deadly virus hide in humans
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have solved the mystery of how the Hepatitis C virus evades the human immune system. The virus uses a molecule called FAD as a 'mask', cloaking itself in a form that is already present in cells, making it invisible to the immune system.
Immune-boosting therapy helps honey bees resist deadly viruses
A novel therapy boosting honey bees' immune systems has shown significant success in reducing virus activity and improving colony survival. The treatment uses a compound called pinacidil to increase free radicals, signaling the immune system to fight off viruses.
IUPUI Geology professor researches groundbreaking bacterial discovery
A team of researchers led by Dr. William Gilhooly III found that viruses are infecting sulfur bacteria, altering their genetic code and influencing their behavior in oxygen-deficient lakes. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the impact of viral infections on bacterial ecosystems.
Men experience a long-term drop in semen quality after COVID infection – even if the infection was mild
New study finds that men who suffered from mild COVID-19 have lower sperm concentrations and motility even three months after recovery. The researchers believe that the virus may cause permanent damage to male fertility, leading to long-term decline in semen quality.
Are viruses keeping sea lice at bay in wild salmon?
Researchers have identified over 30 previously unknown RNA viruses in sea lice, suggesting they may play a role in controlling sea-lice populations. The viruses' ability to rapidly replicate and weaken their hosts maintains balance in nature.
Single hepatitis E mutation renders sofosbuvir therapy ineffective
Researchers identified a single mutation in the hepatitis E virus polymerase that renders sofosbuvir therapy ineffective, resulting in a fivefold loss of efficacy. This discovery provides new insights into the development of future therapies against hepatitis E, which is responsible for 70,000 annual deaths globally.
UQ researchers tackle viruses with pandemic potential
Researchers at the University of Queensland have uncovered the atomic structure of the Langya virus, a highly infectious virus with pandemic potential. The study aims to develop broad-spectrum human vaccines and treatments for Henipaviruses, which cause severe disease and have the potential to get out of control.
Prior dengue infection may make Zika virus outcomes worse
Researchers at Trudeau Institute and Texas Biomedical Research Institute found that prior dengue infection can worsen Zika virus outcomes during pregnancy. Pregnant marmoset monkeys infected with dengue passed significantly more Zika virus to their fetuses than those without dengue, suggesting a link between the two viruses.
When it comes to COVID-19, belly fat upsets the apple cart
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that apple-shaped obesity is associated with cytokine storm and a higher risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The study suggests that obese patients with excess belly fat may benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies, including IL-6 blockers.
Echovirus 11 in newly born twins: case in Italy shows close genetic relation to strains found in France among neonates
A case of echovirus 11-induced hepatitis in Italian male twins has been reported, showing a close genetic relation to strains found in France among neonates. The study highlights the importance of rapid recognition and timely treatment to ensure survival, and suggests potential host genetic predisposition in male and twin categories.
Remnants of ancient virus may fuel ALS in people
A study by CU Boulder researchers suggests that the ancient virus-like protein PEG10 may contribute to the development of ALS by interfering with brain and nerve cell communication. The findings provide a promising new target for treating the underlying cause of the fatal disease.
Ancient viruses discovered in coral symbionts’ DNA
Researchers discovered fragments of RNA viruses embedded in coral partners' genomes, dating back 160 million years. The discovery provides insights into how corals fight off viral infections and may hold the key to understanding the ecological impact of viruses on reef health.
Why do some people live to be a 100? Intestinal bacteria may hold the answer
Researchers found that centenarians have a diverse gut virome with high microbial diversity associated with a healthy gut microbiome. The study suggests that intestinal bacteria and bacterial viruses may work together to promote healthy lifespan.
Previous smallpox vaccine provides immunity to mpox
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden report that individuals vaccinated against smallpox decades ago retain cross-reactive immunity to mpox. The study found that previous smallpox vaccination provides about 80% protection against mpox.
HPV transmission, persistence in pregnant women and neonates
A study of 1,050 pregnant women found frequent detection of HPV, with infrequent perinatal transmission. The authors note challenges in distinguishing contamination from true infection, particularly in placentas.
Opportunities for improved dengue control in the US territories
Dengue infection prevalence in US territories highlights need for improved control measures. Novel vector control methods and vaccine development hold promise for combating the disease.
Risk of long COVID higher for people living in most deprived areas
New research found that area-level deprivation is strongly associated with the risk of long COVID, with females having a higher risk. People working in healthcare and education sectors had the highest risk of long COVID compared to those in manufacturing and construction sectors.
A CRISPR-edited calf shows virus resistance
A gene-edited calf demonstrates reduced susceptibility to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) after intentionally altering the CD46 receptor with CRISPR/Cas9. The healthy calf showed no measurable infectious virus in its blood, despite both calves developing antibodies to the virus.
Viruses could reshuffle the carbon cycle in a warming world
A study examines how viral infections may alter microbial processes and ecosystem functioning in response to climate change. The research reveals potential gaps in understanding the connections between viruses, warming, and ecosystem functioning.
How well do face masks worn by children block the release of exhaled particles?
Researchers found that face masks significantly reduced the release of exhaled particles in children, which can help prevent the spread of respiratory infections. The study used cloth and surgical masks to test various activities, including breathing quietly, speaking, singing, coughing, and sneezing.
Scientists present evidence for a billion-years arms race between viruses and their hosts
Researchers have proposed a new evolutionary model for the origin of the Bamfordvirae kingdom of viruses, suggesting a billion-year evolutionary arms race between two groups and their hosts. The study reveals strong evidence against a sister relationship between adenoviruses and NCLDVs, instead supporting a common ancestor with Mavericks.
Herpes study adds to understanding of viral reinfections, how to potentially prevent them
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified a key protein involved in viral reinfections that could be targeted by antiviral drugs. Inhibiting heparanase activity can protect against herpes simplex virus type 1 reinfection, potentially leading to breakthroughs in preventing recurrent infections.
Mandatory vs recommendation: Norway assessed mobility during times of mandatory and non-mandatory COVID-19 measures
Researchers found that non-mandatory measures had a greater impact on reducing travel distances and times, while mandatory measures only slightly affected these metrics. In contrast, strict metre rules and reopening of gyms increased distance travelled.
Obese pregnant women infected by zika virus have impaired immune response
Researchers found that maternal overweight compromises the placenta's antiviral response, weakening its ability to protect the fetus. The study suggests that adequate antenatal care is crucial in preventing complications from Zika infection.
Different cell types in the brain are affected by tick infection
A new study at Umeå University reveals that tick-borne encephalitis virus infects distinct brain cell types and regions depending on the immune system's activation status. The researchers mapped the virus's behavior in the brain, identifying specific areas and cells infected by TBE virus.
New tool to study hepatitis B could open the door to a cure
Researchers have developed an approach to studying HBV in the lab, allowing for a sharper view of its behaviors and characteristics during its life cycle. This breakthrough could lead to improved drug treatments and potentially even a cure for hepatitis B.
First Nations populations at greater risk of severe flu, research finds
A new study by the Peter Doherty Institute found that First Nations populations are significantly more likely to be hospitalized and die from influenza compared to non-Indigenous populations. Influenza-associated hospitalization and mortality rates were consistently higher in First Nations communities globally.
How a virus causes chromosomal breakage, leading to cancer
Researchers discovered how the Epstein-Barr virus exploits genomic weaknesses to cause cancer by cleaving human chromosome 11, triggering a cascade of genomic instability. The study highlights the potential risk factors for EBV-associated diseases and suggests that blocking EBNA1 binding can prevent their development.
Your baby’s gut is crawling with unknown viruses
Researchers found an exceptional number of unknown viruses in the faeces of 647 healthy Danish one-year-olds, representing more than 200 families of yet to be described viruses. These viral species likely have a major impact on whether children develop various diseases later on in life.
Stowaways in the genome
Researchers found over 30,000 unknown viruses integrated into the DNA of single-celled eukaryotic organisms, including algae and human parasites. These 'virophages' may protect their hosts from giant virus infections by reprogramming them to build virophages.
A hidden viral world within us: What is the impact on our health?
Researchers discovered multiple virus types persisting within organs such as kidneys and brain, challenging our understanding of the human microbiome. The findings suggest viruses may contribute to chronic diseases like cancer or autoimmune disorders, while also playing a role in immune system regulation.
Microbes that “eat together” may benefit from a shared immunological memory
Researchers discovered that viruses that infect bacteria and archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vents share a common immunological memory, allowing symbiotic microbes to defend against the same virus. This challenges conventional wisdom on virus-host interactions, revealing a more nuanced relationship between these microorganisms.
Cleveland Clinic researchers find sleep disturbances prevalent in long COVID
A study published in Journal of General Internal Medicine found that 41% of patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) had moderate to severe sleep disturbances. Black patients were three times more likely to develop these disturbances, highlighting the need for race-specific interventions to address disparities.
CHOP researchers reveal complex assembly process involved in DNA virus replication
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia discovered that viral proteins use phase separation to coordinate the complex process of replicating viral genomes and then encapsulating them in a viral particle. This process allows for the orderly and coordinated formation of infectious viral offspring.
Mosquito saliva can weaken body’s defenses against deadly dengue viruses, scientists discover
Researchers found that infected mosquito saliva contains molecules called sfRNAs that can blunt the body's immune response. These molecules are injected during the mosquito bite, making it more likely for people to become infected with dengue virus.
Ocean warming intensifies viral outbreaks within corals
A recent study found that ocean warming triggers dinoRNAV infections in coral colonies, intensified in unhealthy colonies. This is the first empirical evidence of reef-wide dynamics of viruses infecting coral symbionts during heat waves.
Air flow research could reduce disease, contamination spread
Researchers are using air flow modeling and simulations to understand how pathogens transport through spaces, shedding light on the impact of building design on human health. The study aims to develop interdisciplinary ventilation strategies to mitigate microbe spread and improve disease prevention.
Real-world studies confirm effectiveness of bulevirtide to treat chronic hepatitis D
Three real-world studies published in the Journal of Hepatology and JHEP Reports demonstrate that bulevirtide is well-tolerated and safe for treating chronic hepatitis delta. Long-term suppressive therapy with BLV monotherapy has the potential to reduce viral replication and improve liver function in difficult-to-treat patients.
Humans bite back by deactivating mosquito sperm
Researchers at the University of California - Riverside have discovered a way to deactivate mosquito sperm, preventing them from swimming to or fertilizing eggs. This breakthrough could help control populations of Culex mosquitoes that transmit infectious diseases like encephalitis and West Nile Virus.
The ‘Rapunzel’ virus: an evolutionary oddity
A study reveals an extremely long tail on a bacteriophage that allows it to infect tough bacteria in hot springs. The 'Rapunzel' virus has a nearly 1-micrometer-long tail and uses a unique 'ball and socket' mechanism for stability.
Looking for risky viruses now to get ahead of future pandemics
Researchers suggest a four-part framework to identify animal viruses that may infect humans, focusing on viruses from repeat offender families and those with known human compatibility. By studying these viruses early, scientists can develop diagnostic tools and treatments, and be better prepared to combat future pandemics.
IVI launches global study to determine the burden of HPV among girls and women
A global study aims to better understand the burden of Human papillomavirus (HPV) among girls and women in low- and lower middle-income countries. The study will inform effective strategies to prevent infection and introduce HPV vaccine into national programs, protecting the health of girls and women and reducing rates of cervical cancer.
Wheat’s ancient roots of viral resistance uncovered
Researchers have uncovered the ancient roots of a gene in wheat that provides resistance to the devastating Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virus, which causes significant economic losses. The discovery could lead to more resistant wheat cultivars, increased crop yields, and reduced use of harmful fungicides.
Study reinforces potential use of zika virus to combat prostate cancer but points to possible side-effect
Researchers analyzed zika virus effects on tumor cells and healthy cells, discovering its potential to treat prostate cancer but also triggering a persistent inflammatory process that damages the male reproductive system. The study's findings suggest long-term treatment could lead to recurrence of prostate cancer.
Protein-based nanoparticles designed to neutralise the SARS-CoV2 virus
Scientists at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona have created spherical nanoparticles inspired by amyloid proteins that bind to the SARS-CoV2 spike protein with high affinity, preventing cell infection. The biocompatible and stable nanostructures also show great potency in blocking viral particles.