Articles tagged with Promoter Regions
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A new study reveals that DNA sequences at the beginning of genes in fruit flies contain complex instructions for RNA polymerases to read and transcribe essential genes. The findings suggest that these instructions play a crucial role in regulating gene expression during early embryonic development.
Researchers at UNIGE developed a screening technique called Synthetic Tandem Repeat PROMoter (STAR-PROM) to identify transcription factor serum response factor (SRF), which activates genes and influences cellular structure. The technique allows for the discovery of factors modulating gene expression in various contexts, including drug ...
Two new mutations have been discovered in the 'dark matter' of the cancer genome, occurring in 71 percent of malignant melanoma tumors. The highly recurrent mutations affect a promoter region adjacent to the TERT gene and may contribute to the development of melanoma.
Researchers at EMBL and Oxford University found that gene loops can turn bi-directional promoters into one-way systems, controlling transcription direction. This discovery enables bidirectional regulation of genes, allowing cells to adjust the spread of regulation throughout the genome.
African-Americans and Latinos with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes often struggle to meet their therapeutic goals due to economic, social, and cultural factors. Researchers are exploring an intervention combining clinic-based pharmacists and community-based health promoters to improve lifestyle behaviors and medication compliance.
Researchers have developed an online tool to identify gene promoters, regions that guide transcription machinery to create specific proteins. The Mammalian Promoter Database integrates genomic sequencing data with publicly available data on human and mouse genomics.
USDA scientists have developed a new genetic tool to express beneficial genes in specific plant tissues, improving disease resistance and reducing side effects. The LP2 gene promoter can direct other introduced genes to target areas where they are needed most.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University identified a protein interaction controlling the silencing of Oct4, a key transcription factor necessary for embryonic stem cells to remain pluripotent. The study suggests that attenuated stem cell differentiation contributes to aging by leading to organ or tissue function decline.
Researchers developed an ideal strategy for developing HCV-specific gene therapy by identifying the OAS promoter as a potential target. The study demonstrated that the HCV-core protein activates the OAS promoter specifically and effectively, paving the way for potential targeting of HCV using this approach.
Researchers discovered a correlation between CHFR silencing and microsatellite alteration in gastric cancer, leading to mitotic checkpoint disruption and increased cell survival. This study provides new information on the genetic mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis.
A genome-wide study in yeast redefines the concept of promoters, showing most regions produce overlapping transcripts starting at the same promoter. This finding has implications for understanding gene expression and regulation in humans.
Researchers created a model that explains how genes are turned on and off by analyzing DNA sequences and transcription factor interactions. The study found that simple rules govern gene expression patterns, accounting for 65% of variation between cells.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a new target for RNAs that regulate genes, finding that these tiny strands bind to non-coding RNA transcripts and recruit proteins to activate or inhibit gene expression.
Researchers found that serum RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation is a promising biomarker for diagnosing gastric and colorectal cancer. The study detected higher rates of this abnormality in tumor tissues and patient sera compared to benign disease or healthy individuals.
Researchers discovered that luteolin, a plant flavonoid found in celery and green peppers, can disrupt the inflammatory response in the brain. The study found that luteolin significantly reduced inflammation by inhibiting the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in microglial cells and mice.
Scientists at Virginia Commonwealth University found an antibiotic that can reduce neuronal cell death in the brain, which could lead to new therapies for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The discovery was made by identifying how a compound induces neurotransmitter activity in brain cells.
A team of scientists has developed a computer-controlled system that can drive the evolution of improved RNA enzymes without human input. The system, known as an 'evolution-machine,' uses selection pressure to guide the evolution process, resulting in an enzyme that is 90 times more efficient at using starting ingredients.
Researchers identify novel TRF2 target promoters, distinguishing between three classes of genes dependent on TBP or TRF2. Depletion of TRF2 leads to reduced ribosomal gene transcription and chromosomal defects.
Researchers reveal an alternative transcriptional core promoter complex directs cell-type specific differentiation during myogenesis. This new level of control has significant implications for multi-cellular differentiation mechanisms.
A study published in Clinical Chemistry found that genetic variations in the APOA2 gene are associated with dietary preferences, particularly for fat, protein, and carbohydrate. Individuals with a certain genotype were more likely to consume higher amounts of fat, calories, and be obese compared to those with other genotypes.
Researchers have developed a novel method to identify and predict promoter and enhancer regions that switch on transcription, enabling large-scale functional annotation of 'enhancers'. The study uses the 'histone code' to distinguish between promoters and enhancer regions.
The study reveals that genes use a broad distribution of start sites, allowing for subtle differences in species control. This knowledge could help explain why complex organisms like humans have more genes than simple ones despite similar numbers.
A mutation in the EAAT2 gene, which regulates glutamate levels in the brain, is associated with elevated plasma glutamate and increased risk of post-stroke neurological problems. Stroke patients with the mutated allele had higher plasma glutamate levels and more severe neurological outcomes than those with the normal allele.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a new mechanism for gene regulation known as 'gene loops', which play a crucial role in controlling the expression of genes. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of gene function and regulation.
A recent study found that 50-94% of colorectal tumors have DNA gene changes, which could indicate a molecular defect. The study also found normal colon mucosa up to 10cm away from the tumor had similar gene changes.
Researchers have identified 10,567 active promoters in the human genome using a set of DNA microarrays. This breakthrough may help investigate genetic causes of diseases and inform personalized therapies.
A new promoter map has been created to understand how genes are controlled in fibroblasts, providing a framework for analysis of genetic control in other human cell types. The researchers discovered multiple promoters controlling single genes in parallel and found new DNA sequences not previously recognized as genes.
A new Wistar Institute study suggests that epigenetic information can be passed from generation to generation, complicating the standard model of genetics. The research findings support the theories of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who proposed that traits acquired by parents during their lives could be passed on to offspring.
Researchers at UCSD and VA San Diego Healthcare System have developed a novel method of transcriptional gene silencing in the nucleus, utilizing short interfering RNA (siRNA). This approach may provide a long-lasting solution for gene regulation, with potential applications in treating diseases such as cancer and HIV.
Researchers identify source of random noise in gene expression, finding that promoter preparation and remodeling contribute to variability. This variation can affect protein levels and cell behavior, with implications for evolution and development.
Researchers found a novel genetic insertion associated with increased MCL-1 gene expression, leading to reduced response to chemotherapy and poorer outcomes. This discovery provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) progression.
Research identifies three SNPs in PSA gene promoter that increase serum PSA levels, suggesting genotyping may improve prostate cancer detection sensitivity. The findings suggest a lower cutoff value for PSA testing for men with reduced PSA promoter genotype.
Researchers have identified genetic defects causing excessive estrogen production in three male patients, including a man and his son, leading to severe gynecomastia. The defects involved misplaced promoters associated with housekeeping genes, resulting in continuous aromatase enzyme production and elevated estrogen levels.
Research explores whether animal antibiotics contribute to rising human resistance rates. The study finds that animal antibiotics can indeed fuel human antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for stricter regulations on their use.
Researchers at Purdue University and the USDA have developed tomatoes with significantly higher levels of lycopene, a key cancer-fighting antioxidant. The genetically modified tomatoes contain up to 3.5 times more lycopene than conventional varieties, which may help reduce the risk of certain cancers and heart disease.
Scientists have pinpointed the first gene in fruit fly Drosophila that is a target of an alternate control molecule, TRF1. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding how gene expression is regulated, with potential implications for complex organisms like humans.