Articles tagged with Neuroimaging
Researchers have developed a new imaging tool that detects widespread synaptic loss throughout the brain in early stages of Alzheimer's disease. This breakthrough enables scientists to identify areas of specific damage and monitor disease progression.
A new high-resolution 3D map of the mouse brain has been published, providing a reference atlas for the neuroscience community. The map enables whole-brain studies and improves research by allowing researchers to precisely co-register different types of data, enabling bigger-picture views and comparisons.
A new imaging technique developed by Cornell scientists allows researchers to see into a live adult zebrafish brain, shedding light on brain structure and function. The breakthrough enables studies on human brain disorders like autism, potentially leading to new treatments.
A new study uses AI to identify a specific genetic mutation in glioma tumors, achieved with over 97% accuracy. The technology could simplify the process of detecting enzyme mutations and deciding on appropriate therapy, potentially revolutionizing brain cancer treatment.
Researchers have found a precursor to the human language pathway in living primates, illuminating an earlier evolutionary origin of at least 25 million years. The study reveals a segment of the language pathway that interconnects the auditory cortex with frontal lobe regions, important for processing speech and language.
Researchers have created a device that uses sound waves to produce high-resolution images of the human brain, potentially revolutionizing brain imaging. The technology could be suitable for continuous monitoring of high-dependency patients and overcome obstacles with current MRI methods.
A retrospective study found that patients who underwent regular surveillance imaging after surgery had similar median survival rates to those who only returned when they felt symptoms of recurrence. The results suggest less frequent imaging could improve patient convenience and reduce costs.
Researchers at Yale University found a unique brain signature associated with pro-social and anti-social decisions in monkeys. Monkeys prefer to drink alone when faced with the option of sharing fruit juice with another monkey.
A brain imaging study found that PTSD patients have a deficiency in mechanisms that suppress and regulate memory activity, particularly in the hippocampus. The study suggests that these dysfunctioning systems contribute to the persistence of intrusive memories.
A new study analyzing MRI scans of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome found significant brain volume differences compared to control groups, including lower volumes in specific structures and higher volumes in others. The study provides a unique window into how psychiatric problems develop over time.
A multicenter study found that both simple and advanced computed tomography (CT) can accurately predict which stroke patients will benefit from endovascular thrombectomy. Patients with favorable imaging profiles on both CT and CT perfusion had higher odds of receiving endovascular therapy and improved functional independence rates.
Researchers have identified several potentially useful breast cancer biomarkers that indicate the presence and risk of malignancy. PET/MRI imaging revealed differences in biomarkers between healthy contralateral breast tissue of patients with malignant and benign breast tumors.
A new photoacoustic tomography technique aims to improve the detection and measurement of hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries in preterm newborns without sedation or radiation. The technology has the potential to revolutionize neonatal brain imaging management, enabling earlier treatment and improved outcomes for patients.
A study found that Italian and English speakers with primary progressive aphasia experience different speech and reading difficulties due to their native languages. Italian speakers tend to produce simpler sentences but struggle with pronunciation, whereas English speakers have more trouble pronouncing words.
Scientists at TU Dresden used a method to stimulate neural stem cells, leading to increased neurons and improved cognitive function in old mice. This study suggests that boosting stem cells may be a promising approach to rejuvenate the brain and counteract aging-related cognitive impairments.
A team of researchers, led by Uri Manor at the Salk Institute, used deep learning to develop a new approach for super-resolution microscopy. By training a neural network on high-resolution images, they were able to improve the resolution of microscope images, enabling better understanding of brain cells and their behavior.
Colombian infants exposed to Zika virus in the womb showed neurodevelopmental delays despite having normal brain imaging and head circumference at birth. The study found a link between subtle brain injuries and impaired neuromotor development in Zika-exposed children, emphasizing the need for long-term follow-up.
Research at Rockefeller University discovered a new brain area, PITd, that steers attention and challenges the long-held concept of attention control. The finding suggests a rethinking of old concepts about attentional control and highlights the complexity of the brain's attention mechanisms.
Researchers created individualized maps of functional networks in the thalamus and basal ganglia, revealing variation in symptom response to deep-brain stimulation. The study suggests that successful treatment depends on tapping into the correct network for each patient.
Researchers have identified two brain networks that interact to increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. These networks involve alterations in structure, function, or biochemistry that lead to excessive negative thoughts and difficulties regulating emotions.
A new method accelerates template creation for medical-image analysis, generating brain scan templates based on patient attributes such as age and sex. The model can synthesize atlases from sparse data, improving disease diagnosis accuracy.
Researchers used virtual reality to test how humans remember positions in space with distorted grid cell patterns. In trapezoidal environments, participants were worse at learning positions than in square environments, and their memories remained distorted even when no longer in the environment.
Researchers developed an AI-powered blood test that can spot chemical clues indicative of brain tumors, allowing for quicker diagnoses and improved survival rates. The test, combining infrared spectroscopy with AI analysis, accurately identified 82% of brain tumors in a study of 400 patients.
Researchers used AI to analyze brain activity and physical responses while listening to music, finding that dynamic variability, new instruments, and complexity levels stimulate emotional responses. The study also found a correlation between specific musical notes and emotions.
Researchers discovered shared brain circuit abnormalities in patients with mood and anxiety disorders, enabling targeted interventions. These findings hold promise for improving outcomes for individuals with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety disorders.
A new study found that long-duration space missions change brain structure and function in NASA astronauts, correlating with declines in motor skills and cognitive performance. Researchers hope to better understand the effects of microgravity on the human brain to improve astronaut safety.
Researchers have made significant advancements in understanding olfactory perception and processing, highlighting the role of dynamic features, sniffing speed, and odorous landmarks in guiding behaviors like navigation and finding resources. The study's findings provide new insights into how the brain represents smells and its importan...
A study of 526 older adults found that hospitalizations accelerated cognitive decline, especially for those with more brain pathology. The research suggests that having Alzheimer's-related changes in the brain is bad enough, but being hospitalized adds insult to injury.
Neuro Space is an immersive installation that reimagines how scientists view neurons through the intersection of art and technology. The exhibit explores the power of art to reflect scientific structures and illuminates the vastness of what remains unknown in neuroscience.
A study published in Neurology found that concussions can lead to lingering brain injuries even one year after athletes are cleared to return to play. Researchers used MRI scans to compare the brains of concussed and healthy athletes, finding reduced blood flow and signs of tissue swelling in concussed athletes.
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania is developing a critical tool for imaging the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. They plan to use a special type of PET scan to detect the disease early on and provide detailed information about its progression.
Researchers found significantly reduced mu-opioid receptor levels in schizophrenia patients' brains, contributing to negative feelings. This discovery provides a promising new lead for developing treatments for the condition.
Researchers at Janelia Research Campus have mapped over 1,000 neurons in the mouse brain, tracing their branching routes to understand how messages travel through it. The preliminary data reveal new clues about the mouse brain's wiring diagram, including clusters of neurons and regions where they can't be easily delineated.
Researchers at Kessler Foundation found that blindfolding a patient with spatial neglect improved her posture and gaze, reducing postural asymmetry. This study suggests eliminating visual input could increase spatial awareness on the contralesional side.
A new study suggests that exercise can improve cognitive functions and working memory in some older individuals after just one session. The researchers found increased connectivity between brain regions involved in cognition and memory, leading to better performance on memory tests.
Researchers developed a new method using frequency domain measurement in functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), improving image quality and spatial resolution. This innovation enables enhanced brain imaging with greater depth sensitivity, paving the way for more accurate neuroimaging applications.
A recent study found that 71% of Brazilian infants exposed to the Zika virus in the womb experienced brain abnormalities, including calcifications and malformations. The study highlights the importance of early neuroimaging for Zika-exposed infants, even those without congenital Zika syndrome.
Boston University researchers found specialized brain cells in rats that provide personal maps of their surroundings. These cells could help create smarter autonomous vehicles by allowing them to navigate complex environments like humans do.
A meta-analysis of 61 neuroimaging studies involving 1,850 participants found no correlation between biological sex and brain responses to visual sexual stimuli. The findings contradict previous assumptions about sex-dependent differences in men's and women's reactions to visual erotic stimuli.
Researchers found that vividly imagining helping scenes predicts overall willingness to help others and that activity in the medial temporal lobe subsystem is associated with a greater ease of imagination, leading to increased prosocial action.
A whole brain imaging study found that excess grey matter in the brain can predict escalating drinking behavior in teens. Teens with more grey matter in certain regions were more likely to increase their drinking habits over time.
A researcher has received funding to develop new models that use brain imaging and genomic data to predict mental health disorders. The goal is to improve diagnosis accuracy by analyzing a patient's genetics and brain activity.
A novel imaging technique using scorpion venom-derived protein BLZ-100 has shown promise in detecting and removing brain tumors. The agent binds to tumor cells and glows under near-infrared laser stimulation, enhancing surgical visualization. Clinical trials demonstrate the imaging system's safety and effectiveness.
The Center for Translation Neurotrauma Imaging (CTNI) aims to pioneer biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. The facility will create novel brain imaging techniques to track subtle changes in the brain after neurotrauma.
Researchers found that humans can learn to navigate through a two-dimensional environment using odor information, with brain activity resembling grid-cell models previously discovered in animals. The study used a unique 'smellscape' of pine and banana scents to guide participants' mental navigation.
A neuroimaging study identified unique brain activity patterns that predict poorer responses to talk therapy in patients with PTSD. Patients with impaired verbal memory and VAN function had poorer outcomes after psychotherapy, while those with intact verbal memory or normal VAN function were more responsive.
A study of 11,400 patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment found that amyloid PET imaging was associated with changes in clinical management within 90 days. The use of this imaging technique was reported in 55% of MCI patients and 70% of those with dementia.
Grid cells in rat brain provide a 'treasure map' for goal-directed navigation by carrying information about goals, not just space. Their activity fields shift to follow the location of hidden rewards.
Diattenuation Imaging enables precise investigation of brain tissue by measuring polarization-dependent attenuation of light. The method distinguishes between regions with thin and thick nerve fibers, aiding in the study of neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis.
Scientists from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a novel platform to classify neurons in a mouse brain based on shape, connectivity, and location. This comprehensive approach enables precise identification of neuronal subtypes, such as axo-axonic cells, and sheds light on their unique characteristics.
Researchers suggest that impacts on the side of the head cause vibrations in a structure connected to the corpus callosum, potentially leading to concussion symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed possible damage to the corpus callosum in athletes with concussions.
A new MRI method measures iron content to monitor recovery from stroke-related damage and track neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra. Higher iron levels are associated with worse long-term outcomes and potential therapies may slow or stop degeneration.
A new study has created a 3D reconstruction of a marmoset brain and mapped neuronal connectivity across the entire brain with unparalleled detail. The resulting data set may offer insights into human neural connectivity and potentially lead to therapeutic advances for human diseases.
Researchers used machine learning to identify clusters of relationships in medical data that could predict Alzheimer's disease, including cardiovascular health and immune system response. This approach may lead to earlier diagnosis and better prognosis with new blood tests.
Researchers at VIB-KU Leuven have developed new methods for 3D microscopy, including ALMOST, which provides unprecedented imaging of reflective opaque objects. Additionally, a modernized Golgi staining technique has been optimized to study neurons in more detail, preserving ultrastructural details.
A new study published in JNeurosci used neuroimaging data from smokers to predict the influence of an anti-smoking media campaign on likely smokers. The approach identified a neural pathway that predicted campaign success, and may help improve informational materials.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are studying the use of neuroimaging to pinpoint the risk factors of stroke recurrence, which affects nearly 800,000 people annually in the US. The study aims to identify patients at higher risk for recurrent strokes by assessing imaging for signs of small vessel disease in the brain.
A meta-analysis of 242 studies reveals common neurocognitive network alterations across psychiatric disorders, including reduced gray matter and disrupted functional connectivity. These findings suggest that neuroimaging may be providing a measure of symptom-related pathology, rather than directly related to the disease process.
A longitudinal neuroimaging study of over 600 healthy young people found positive associations between socioeconomic status and the size and surface area of brain regions involved in cognitive functions. Greater childhood SES was associated with larger volumes of subcortical regions, extending previous research on SES and cortical morp...
People with radical political views tend to overestimate their certainty on incorrect answers, but struggle with recognizing when they're wrong. The study found no difference in task performance between moderates and radicals, despite radicals' higher confidence ratings.