Articles tagged with Brain
The study uses a generative adversarial network to classify Alzheimer's disease with improved accuracy. The model learns from low- and high-quality brain images, generating images of better quality that predict disease status more accurately than traditional models.
A study published in Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience found that highly identified fans of 'Game of Thrones' characters activate the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) when thinking about the characters, similar to how they think about themselves. The vMPFC is a brain area involved in self-referential processing.
Primary care professionals can identify and monitor risk factors early to prevent cognitive decline. The American Heart Association recommends addressing 13 key factors to optimize brain health, including Life's Simple 7 lifestyle targets.
Researchers found that poor sleep leads to increased signs of brain waste and post-concussive symptoms among veterans with traumatic brain injuries. A new technique developed at OHSU measures the brain's waste-clearance system through MRIs.
A global multicenter study has uncovered a correlation between the severity of COVID-19 in the lungs and brain using CT/MRI scans. Researchers found that patients with more severe respiratory disease are more likely to experience neurological symptoms, such as stroke and brain bleeds.
Researchers have developed a novel nanoparticle delivery system that enhances the effectiveness of neuroprotectant NA1 in treating stroke. The study found that nanoparticles carrying NA1 reduced stroke size by 69.8% and brain swelling by 60.3%, leading to improved survival rates.
Researchers found that drinking pomegranate juice daily during pregnancy reduced the risk of brain injury in infants with intrauterine growth restriction. The study suggests that polyphenols in pomegranate juice may provide neuroprotection, and further studies are planned to confirm these findings.
Researchers found that delays in hospital treatment after ER arrival can significantly impact stroke outcomes, even for patients who arrive early. Patients with severe strokes who experience delays may lose eight weeks of healthy life if treated within four hours of symptom onset.
Researchers found a strong association between ischemic stroke occurrence and severity with an increased risk of dementia. The study's findings emphasize the importance of preventing stroke to maintain high levels of physical and cognitive function and quality of life.
New research suggests that microbes in the gut contribute to symptoms associated with complex neurological disorders, and modulating the gut microbiome improves social behavior but not hyperactivity. The study opens the possibility of treating other conditions like cancer, diabetes, and viral infections with microbiome-targeted therapies.
Researchers found that objective and subjective memory can function independently and involve different parts of the brain. People tend to make decisions based on how they feel about a memory rather than its accuracy.
The BrainHealth Project trial unveiled a novel online platform delivering science-backed approach to measuring, improving, and tracking brain fitness. Participants showed significant improvements in their BrainHealth Index scores, with positive changes observed across various domains of brain health.
Scientists have developed a tool to monitor brain communications, offering an explanation for why Alzheimer's drugs are ineffective. The new method has broad applicability across neurological and psychiatric diseases, facilitating the development of new treatments and personalized medicine.
Researchers have identified a novel method using immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid to predict response to immunotherapy for patients with brain metastases. The analysis reveals similarities between immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid and those in brain metastasis, providing valuable insights into tumor microenvironment characterization.
The AFAR-Sagol Network GerOmic Awards support aging research using AI, Big Data, and Systems Research, focusing on heterochromatin domains in exceptional longevity. Researchers Simone Sidoli and Oscar Vivas are receiving awards to investigate chromatin regulations and the autonomic nervous system's function with age.
Researchers at Göttingen University have discovered that adult mice brains display increased experience-dependent spine removal, a hallmark of critical period-like plasticity. This study reveals structural changes in the visual cortex associated with silent synapses and sheds light on lifelong neural plasticity.
Researchers created an AI that understands individual notions of face attractiveness by analyzing brain signals and generating new portraits tailored to each person's preferences. The device demonstrated accuracy in matching personal taste with over 80% correctness.
Michael A. Moskowitz, a leading migraine researcher supported by the NIH, has won The Brain Prize 2021 for his groundbreaking contributions to understanding migraine triggers. By blocking the action of released neuropeptides, Moskowitz proposes a new approach to treating this debilitating condition.
A new sensor can detect RNA and DNA in less than a second, providing a quick way to distinguish between 'healthy' and 'sick' samples. The sensor could be used to measure DNA metabolism and predict rapid infections, potentially improving disease diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of glycine transporter GlyT1, providing insight into its regulation and potential inhibition. This discovery could lead to effective drugs that inhibit GlyT1 function, with major implications for treating schizophrenia and other mental disorders.
A new study from the University of Washington reveals that people's brains have parallel learning systems for avoiding bad options and finding good ones. The research suggests that being able to 'turn down the volume' on irrelevant signals is critical to complex problem-solving.
New research reveals that diet plays a major role in improving mental health, with different age groups and genders requiring unique dietary approaches. The study found that young adults need more energy and nutrients due to brain development, while men and women have distinct nutritional needs influenced by biological sex.
Researchers have identified ezogabine, a drug that opens potassium channels in the brain, as a promising new approach to treating depression. The study showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms and anhedonia in patients with depression.
A new theory, MeshCODE, proposes that memories are written in the shape of molecules in synaptic scaffolds, forming a complex binary code. This discovery may lead to a new understanding of brain function and treating brain diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers at USC have developed a powerful mathematical model that can predict seizures with high accuracy, providing epilepsy patients with an early warning of up to five minutes. This breakthrough could revolutionize epilepsy management and treatment, allowing patients to take necessary interventions to prevent seizure onset.
An artificial neural network called MotionNet has provided new insights into human motion perception, revealing common optical illusions like phi and reverse-phi motion. The system shows that neurons are tuned to the direction of movement, leading to mistakes in perception.
A new surgical technique, Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS), demonstrates reduced recurrent stroke rates from 37% to 10.7%. The EDAS procedure reroutes arteries to segments at risk of stroke, mimicking the process of 'gardening' for blood flow.
Researchers used stem cell-derived organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 interaction with organs. Lung organoids responded more to the virus than brain organoids, producing different molecules and outcomes.
Researchers examined brains of 35 former athletes, finding no correlation between position played, fighting history, or CTE presence. Only half the athletes showed evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated blows to the head.
A new study by UT Southwestern scientists reveals distinct characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and autoimmune encephalitis (AE), which may enable better treatment outcomes for patients. Slight differences in clinical features, lab results, and imaging findings can help distinguish between the two conditions.
A study published in Stroke found that propranolol can shrink and stabilize vascular lesions in the brain, potentially treating cerebral cavernous malformations. Researchers administered propranolol to mice with hereditary CCMs, which resulted in fewer and smaller lesions.
A team at NYU Tandon School of Engineering developed planar micro-sensors using nano-graphitic carbon, increasing sensitivity and spatial resolution for brain studies. The sensors' performance can be adjusted by engineering material structure, offering new prospects for future brain studies.
A research team from INRS has developed a modified therapeutic molecule that reduces glutamate toxicity in the brain after an ischemic stroke. The treatment, which works on the periphery of the blood-brain barrier, is effective for six days and may also have potential applications for other neuronal diseases.
Researchers find that individuals without a sense of touch can use visual cues to navigate and orient themselves, while those who lose the sense as adults may develop compensatory skills using conscious thought. The study suggests that the brain can adapt to sensory information loss and find alternative ways to process visual data.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego will investigate psilocybin's safety and efficacy in treating chronic phantom limb pain. The study aims to elucidate brain mechanisms involved, including possible alterations in brain circuitry.
A unique brain protein measured in the blood could be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease decades before symptoms develop. Elevated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in the blood are associated with increased amyloid beta in the brain, a known indicator of Alzheimer's disease.
Elena Manresa and David Schneider, NYU faculty members, have been awarded Sloan Foundation Research Fellowships for their groundbreaking work in economics and neuroscience. The fellowships recognize their creative leadership and independent research achievements.
Research suggests that lower testosterone during puberty increases the brain's sensitivity to it in adulthood. Men with lower testosterone levels throughout puberty showed greater brain activity in areas sensitive to faces when exposed to high levels of testosterone.
This case series examines brain samples from COVID-19 patients with severe pulmonary pathology to understand the impact on brain capillaries. The study provides valuable information on the neurological consequences of COVID-19, shedding light on potential underlying mechanisms.
A new study comparing lemurs, distant primate cousins of humans, found few consistent differences between monogamous and promiscuous species. However, researchers discovered that the brain chemistry behind love in lemurs may involve a combination of multiple hormones and interactions rather than a single formula.
Researchers found that quercetin and dihydroxybezoic acid from apples stimulate neurogenesis, generating new neurons and protecting against cell death. The effects on learning and memory are comparable to those seen after physical exercise.
A study from Duke University Medical Center found that individuals with an APOE4 gene variant associated with increased Alzheimer's risk have lower levels of inflammatory molecules in their cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting potential damage to synapses.
A team of researchers led by Alysson R. Muotri used stem cells to create 'mini-brains' modeled after extinct Neanderthals, discovering a single genetic alteration that could explain key differences in brain development and function between modern humans and our closest relatives
Researchers found that a neuron in the snail's brain suppresses feeding circuit, reversing response to sugar after conditioning training. This mechanism may be similar to human brains, where negative associations with food can alter future eating habits.
Researchers have discovered that alpha-synuclein, a protein present in everyone's brains, sticks to the inner face of nerve cell membranes and can kill healthy brain cells. The study sheds new light on the origins of Parkinson's Disease, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide.
A new study published in Neurology found that the incidence of stroke is declining among people aged 70 and older. The researchers also discovered a steady rate of stroke incidence among younger adults, with fewer deaths from the disease overall.
A study published in Nature Communications investigates the impact of messenger substance GABA and glutamate on human decision-making. The researchers found that individuals with a higher ratio of GABA to glutamate in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) made quicker decisions in patch-leaving scenarios, while those with higher ...
A new study found that nanomaterials can bind strongly to microorganisms, entering the food chain and accumulating in organs like the brain. The use of nanomaterials is challenging to regulate because of their small size, making it difficult to assess their possible risk.
A multidisciplinary team from Memorial Sloan Kettering reports the presence of inflammatory molecules in the cerebrospinal fluid as the underlying cause of 'COVID brain' or brain fog, a condition characterized by confusion and loss of short-term memory. Anti-inflammatory drugs like steroids may be useful for treating the condition.
A genetic scoring study published in PNAS found that specific genes in the placenta can predict a baby's brain size at birth and its rate of cognitive development, which may lead to schizophrenia later in life. The study suggests that targeting placental health may reduce schizophrenia risk, particularly in males.
A new virtual reality cognitive assessment has been developed by Center for BrainHealth researchers, effectively testing executive function in everyday tasks. The study found that participants' performance is not related to their working memory capacity, but rather on their strategies and approaches.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have established a new way to predict individual risk of cognitive decline using brain signatures during mental activity. This approach is more sensitive and accurate than current behavioral testing, with left-frontal brainwaves being key predictors for dementia risk.
Scientists at the University of Exeter made a breakthrough in understanding brain activity during seizures by studying synchronization patterns. The study found that excessive synchronization can lead to epileptic seizures and Parkinson's disease, impairing brain function.
A study published in Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience found that audiovisual professionalisation causes a decrease in eyeblink rate and impacts brain rhythms among media professionals. This research has implications for occupational health strategies and the design of consumption strategies for videos.
Research at the University of Turku found that a father's childhood stress exposure is connected to faster white matter tract development in his child's brain. The study suggests potential epigenetic inheritance of this trait.
University of Sussex researchers develop a method to turbocharge desktop PCs, allowing for large-scale brain simulations with significant sustainability benefits. This innovation makes it possible for more researchers worldwide to carry out research on brain models, including the investigation of neurological disorders.
The USPSTF advises against routine screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, as it poses a relatively small risk of stroke. This recommendation is consistent with the task force's previous 2014 recommendation.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that mice can extract visual information from nearly 10% of their brain's neurons, making it possible to identify stimuli with high accuracy. The discovery suggests that the brain is a highly efficient machine capable of distributing sensory signals efficiently.
Researchers at Radboud University create a network of single atoms that mimic brain-like behavior and adapt to external stimuli. They plan to scale up the system and explore new materials to build self-learning computing devices.
A new study led by Salk Institute scientists identified a strain of E. coli bacteria that causes female mice to neglect their offspring when living in the gut. The research reveals a direct link between the particular microbe and maternal behavior, adding to growing evidence that microbes in the gut affect brain health and development.