Articles tagged with Muscles
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Researchers at the University of Iowa have discovered a natural compound in green tomatoes that stimulates muscle growth and protects against muscle wasting. Tomatidine, found in green tomatoes, generates changes in gene expression opposite to those that occur in muscle cells affected by muscle atrophy.
Researchers tracked bar-headed geese's remarkable tolerance to low oxygen while exercising at top speed in simulated high altitude conditions. The study found that the birds' hearts can supply more oxygen to their muscles, suggesting adaptations for humans could prevent or treat heart attacks and stroke.
A recent Johns Hopkins study found that even a single day of bed rest in the ICU can lead to lasting physical impairments. Muscle strength was significantly lower over time, especially among older patients, highlighting the need for rethinking care approaches in ICUs.
Researchers at the University of Basel discovered that endurance sport improves both muscle condition and neuronal connections. By increasing PGC1α levels in muscles, athletes can enhance their nervous system's performance.
Researchers at Duke University have successfully grown lab-grown muscle that demonstrates self-healing properties, integrating into mice quickly and contracting powerfully. The breakthrough, led by Nenad Bursac, uses well-developed contractile muscle fibers and satellite cells to create a microenvironment for regeneration.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that stronger adolescents and teens have significantly lower risks of heart disease and diabetes. The research suggests that muscle strength may play an equally important role in cardiometabolic health in children, particularly in those with higher strength-to-body-mass ratios.
The Sunday Driver gene is implicated in regulating muscle tissue formation and maintenance, with mutations leading to inherited muscle diseases such as Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Researchers found that the gene's product interacts with cortical factors to enable the motor protein Dynein to transport muscle nuclei into place.
Male stag beetles have enlarged heads and muscles to compensate for their oversized mandibles, allowing them to generate powerful bites. Their male bites are six times stronger than females', with a recorded strength of 7N.
Researchers created 3D X-ray movies of a blowfly's flight muscles, showcasing their complex movements and control. The study provides new insights into how flies manage to perform aerobatic maneuvers with precision, opening up possibilities for innovation in micro air vehicles.
Researchers use CT scanning to capture high-speed 3D X-ray visuals of fly flight muscles, showing structural deformations as key to wing control. The study's findings offer insights into the intricate mechanics of a fly's wingbeat, which beats up to 50 times per second.
A new method for assessing individual thermal comfort has been developed by VTT, considering factors such as gender, age, body mass index, and muscularity. The method finds that women feel the cold more than men due to their lower muscle tissue, which produces heat at a lower rate.
Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy involve sensorimotor axons and skeletal muscles, respectively, differing from Guillain-Barré syndrome in clinical manifestations. The study highlights the importance of differentiating critical illness polyneuropathy/myopathy from Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Researchers have developed a new technique to generate large concentrations of skeletal muscle cells and muscle progenitors directly from human pluripotent stem cells. This method, described in Stem Cells Translational Medicine, uses growth factors to guide the stem cells towards a muscle fate, avoiding genetic modification.
A new study from researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that dialysis for acute kidney injury (AKI) is potentially hazardous for frail patients with lower creatinine concentration levels. In contrast, more robust patients experience increased survival and reduced mortality when receiving dialysis. These findings highlight ...
Researchers found that mechanical tension is established shortly after muscle-tendon contact, providing positional information for sarcomere formation. Without tension, muscles fail to build regular myofibrils, resulting in chaotic protein distribution.
Columbia researchers uncover a chemical reaction that increases muscle protein elasticity in response to stretching forces. This finding could lead to new treatments for muscle disorders like dilated cardiomyopathy.
A study on wild green anole lizards reveals that the link between muscle function and movement is more complicated than previously thought. The researchers found that changes in motion do not always correspond to changes in muscle activity, leading to new questions about animal ecology, evolution, and adaptation.
A new study from the University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences found that older Americans with more muscle mass are less likely to die prematurely. The research suggests that clinicians should focus on improving body composition rather than relying solely on body mass index (BMI) when counseling older adults.
Researchers investigated whether the order of cardio- and resistance training affects biological adaptations. Despite differences in recovery time, long-term adaptations were similar between groups. The amount and frequency of training may play a key role in fitness outcomes.
A study found that pre-operative EMG evaluation of donor nerves improves nerve transfer surgery outcomes for patients with brachial plexus injuries. The use of normal donor nerves resulted in greater post-operative improvement in muscle strength and function compared to less robust donor nerves.
Two common procedures to treat pelvic organ prolapse without vaginal mesh are found to be comparable in safety and efficacy. Researchers also discovered that behavioral therapy did not improve urinary incontinence or prolapse symptoms in affected women.
A study of two surgical procedures for pelvic organ prolapse found that they were similarly effective in treating the condition, with success rates of 59.2% and 60.5% after two years. The exercise program did not offer additional benefits to participants.
Researchers compared two common surgery procedures for vaginal prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. The study found no significant difference in functional or adverse event outcomes between sacrospinous ligament fixation and uterosacral ligament vaginal vault suspension surgeries.
Researchers found that moderate exercise can stimulate stem cell regeneration in mice, but losing the antioxidant protein Nrf2 hinders muscle recovery. Sarcopenia, age-related muscle loss, occurs naturally and is linked to reduced antioxidant production.
A new study suggests that a high-calorie diet rich in carbohydrates and fat may help slow the progression of motor neuron disease (ALS). Patients who were mildly obese lived longer than those who lost weight as ALS progressed. The diets improved survival rates, with fewer adverse events and deaths from respiratory failure.
Researchers at IRCM identified a critical receptor in muscle cell fusion, which could lead to new therapies for muscular diseases like myopathies and muscular dystrophies. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of muscle development and regeneration.
A study of 39 young adults found that consuming polyunsaturated fat resulted in less body fat and more muscle mass than consuming saturated fat. This is significant for preventing obesity-related disorders like type-2 diabetes, as it suggests that a diet rich in unsaturated fats may help regulate fat distribution.
Researchers have discovered a method for restoring strength to damaged skeletal muscles in the elderly using stem cell therapy. The treatment involves treating cells outside the body with a drug that prevents protein modification and culturing them on soft biomaterials, allowing aged cells to grow and self-renew.
Researchers at UT Dallas have developed artificial muscles that can lift 100 times more weight and generate 7.1 horsepower per kilogram than human muscle, powered by temperature changes. These powerful muscles have vast application opportunities in robots, exoskeletons, and wearable technology.
Researchers have found that aging muscle stem cells become less able to regenerate new fibers and self-renew. However, they discovered a process to rejuvenate old muscle stem cells using a drug and soft hydrogel substrate, enabling them to repair muscle damage in mice.
Researchers at CU-Boulder have identified two key pathways affecting skeletal muscle renewal, which could lead to the development of therapeutic treatments for age-related muscle wasting. The study found that altering these pathways enhances muscle stem cell renewal and improves muscle regeneration in aged mice.
A new study suggests that shivering and bouts of moderate exercise can convert energy-storing 'white fat' into energy-burning 'brown fat'. This process could protect against diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver. The conversion is triggered by the hormones irisin and FGF21, which are stimulated by cold exposure and muscle activity.
Stanford researchers have solved a riddle about the inner workings of the brain, revealing a previously unknown process that helps two brain regions cooperate when joint action is required. The study used a new approach to analyze large numbers of neurons and discovered that different regions of the brain keep results localized or broa...
A new study suggests that high doses of vitamin C and E supplements can blunt the improvement of muscular endurance through cellular adaptions. The study found that markers for muscle mitochondria production increased only in the group without supplements.
A team of scientists at the University of Basel has elucidated a second information pathway taken by motor commands, revealing a complex network of communication between the spinal cord and brain. This dual information stream enables precise control of fine motor behavior, such as arm and hand movements.
Core stabilization exercises can improve postural stability and independent walking in chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. Real-time video feedback significantly improves gait velocity and stride length, as well as TUG test performance.
Researchers found that plyometric exercises can improve explosive and aerobic performance in sportspeople without extensive rest periods. Young football players showed significant improvement after consecutive days of training sessions.
A University of Arizona researcher has shown that genetic mutations in the titin gene can cause skeletal muscle myopathy, a disease characterized by muscle weakness. The study, published in the Journal of General Physiology, could be an important step in developing treatments for this condition.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy that improves muscle strength, corrects muscle structure, and prolongs life in animal models of X-linked myotubular myopathy. This devastating disease affects approximately 1 in 50,000 male births, causing severe respiratory difficulties and requiring intensive support.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism in salamanders that allows them to jump with minimal push-off force. This 'hip-twist jump' creates a high amount of elastic energy, enabling the animals to propel themselves upwards.
The system eliminates vibrations caused by human muscle co-contraction, allowing the robot to move safely and efficiently. By modeling human operators in this way, robots can actively adjust to changes in movement, improving performance and safety in manufacturing plants.
A study discovered that PGC-1α, a protein regulating energy production in cells, may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Chronically low levels of this protein in muscle tissue were linked to increased risk and detrimental effects on other tissues, including inflammation in the liver and adipose tissue.
Researchers measured dolphin force using bubble DPIV, proving Gray's paradox was incorrect. Dolphins produce impressive power, even accelerating rapidly at 5400 W.
Researchers found that adding dance exercises to a physiotherapy program improved urine leakage, increased participation rates, and provided more functional pelvic floor muscle exercises. The study opens the door to a randomized clinical trial for treating urinary incontinence with virtual reality and dance.
Researchers have discovered intricate neural networks in zebrafish that could help explain how humans developed limb control. The study found separate circuits for controlling the left and right sides of the body, which may be a precursor to human arm and leg movements.
A new device called Inspire Upper Airway Stimulation (UAS) therapy has been shown to significantly reduce obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) episodes by approximately 70 percent in patients. The device targets the muscle tone of the throat, leading to improved control of breathing and reduced daytime fatigue.
Researchers found that ants modify their thoracic segments to match the tasks they perform as adults, with worker ants having enlarged neck muscles for strength and maneuverability. Queens have distinct thorax shapes associated with strategies used to found new colonies.
Research found that mothers with higher vitamin D levels during pregnancy had children with stronger muscles, which could lead to better health outcomes in adulthood. The study measured grip strength and muscle mass in children born to these mothers at age four.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have found that beatboxers use the whole vocal tract to produce a range of sounds, spreading the energy among several structures and minimizing wear on any single part. This technique may be protective of the vocal folds and could help singers relieve stress on their vocal cords.
Scientists have found a molecular mechanism behind aging that can be reversed using a compound that restores communication between mitochondria and the nucleus. This breakthrough may lead to new treatments for age-related diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory disorders.
Researchers developed a new antibody that reverses muscle wasting in cancer, COPD, and other diseases by blocking a receptor that puts brakes on muscle development. The compound, BYM338, boosted muscle mass 25-50% and increased strength in animal models, with clinical trials underway.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have created a micro-sized robotic torsional muscle/motor made from vanadium dioxide, achieving unprecedented power density and speed. The device can catapult objects over 50 times its own weight with remarkable efficiency.
Researchers discovered that ATP-sensitive potassium channels in skeletal muscle play a crucial role in regulating energy consumption even during mundane activities. By modulating KATP channel activity, new strategies may be developed to combat metabolic disorders such as muscle wasting and obesity.
The study found that the Sunday Driver gene regulates myonuclear positioning and muscle function. Mutations in this gene lead to unevenly spaced nuclei and defective muscle contraction, indicating that mispositioned nuclei may be a possible cause, not consequence, of human congenital myopathies.
A cross-sectional study by Tokyo University found exercising in middle age is a protective factor against sarcopenia and effective in maintaining muscle strength and physical performance. The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher with increasing age, but exercise habits in middle age were significantly associated with lower risk.
A new disease related to NKH has been discovered through genetic research led by University of Colorado professor Johan Van Hove. The variant, also known as non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia, shares similar symptoms with NKH and was found in eight patients from around the world.
A year of resistance and impact training can help older breast cancer survivors preserve bone density, even with less exercise. Muscle strength declines more quickly than bone density and may require continued participation in a supervised exercise program.
Researchers at Monash University have isolated muscle precursor cells from pluripotent stem cells using a purification technique, allowing them to differentiate into muscle cells. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for degenerative diseases such as Muscular Dystrophy and Parkinson's disease.
A new study reveals that a high-protein diet can help preserve muscle mass during weight loss by slowing the ubiquitin proteasome system, which is primarily responsible for degrading skeletal muscle. Researchers found that adequate protein intake can minimize muscle loss during weight loss efforts.
Researchers found that higher doses of testosterone improved sexual function, muscle mass, and physical performance in postmenopausal women who had undergone hysterectomy. However, side effects such as unwanted hair growth and acne were rare in the study.