Articles tagged with Nerve Tissue
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Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a new function for rapamycin that may help prevent neurologic damage and some related diseases. The compound appears to stop cellular senescence, a stage cells reach where they get old and start secreting damaging substances.
Fin whales employ a two-tiered nesting structure to safeguard their nerves during feeding dives. The folded nerves develop 'bending stretches' that could damage them, prompting the development of this intricate mechanism.
Researchers have discovered that whale nerves utilize two levels of waviness to package their highly extensible nerves, reducing strain when stretched or bent. This unique structure enables the nerves to recoil without sustaining damage during feeding lunges.
Researchers identify molecule that inhibits protein responsible for converting touch to pain receptors in skin, paving way for new drug development to treat diabetic neuropathy and other nerve damage-related pain. The study shows promising results with minimal impact on non-pain related touch sensitivity.
Researchers successfully engineered human intestines with functioning nerves using pluripotent stem cells, enabling the study of severe intestinal nerve disorder Hirschsprung's disease. The technology also allows for testing new therapeutics in lab-engineered human intestine before clinical trials.
Researchers at Buck Institute have found a sensor for reactive molecules linked to diabetic complications, providing a pathway to study many of the ravages of diabetes. Two natural compounds, including alpha-lipoic acid, prevented nerve damage in worms experiencing similar hypersensitivity to touch as humans with diabetic neuropathy.
A new study found that vitamin nicotinamide riboside (NR) can protect mice from diabetes complications by lowering blood sugar levels, reducing fatty liver, and preventing peripheral nerve damage. NR is a precursor to NAD+, an important cellular metabolite required for energy conversion.
A study by the University of South Carolina team found that larger eye size in Daphnia results in an average clutch size increase of one egg beyond the average six eggs. The research team measured the effect of variation in body size, demonstrating that eye size has a greater impact on reproductive success.
Researchers studied ant colonies subjected to simulated predator attacks, revealing differentiated responses based on location. The results show that ants respond appropriately to damage, similar to single organisms, with colony-wide responses triggered by loss of workers within the nest.
Researchers found that YouTube videos on peripheral neuropathy were often misleading, with alternative medicine being the most frequently cited treatment. Only a minority of treatment discussions were based on recommendations from the American Academy of Neurology.
Researchers discovered how a mutant protein triggers nerve damage in CMT subtype CMT2D, a group of currently untreatable conditions. The study suggests future therapies may target this haywire protein to restore nerve function in patients with CMT.
Researchers found similarities between horse sickness and human conditions like Alzheimer's disease in a study published in Molecular and Cellular Proteomics. The findings shed light on the causes of equine grass sickness, a rare but fatal condition that can be tricky to diagnose.
The 'Watch' from Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery highlights potential risks of all-inside meniscal repair using FAST-FIX devices. Surgeons can minimize loose anchors by using strong holding tissue, particularly in the posterior third of the medial meniscus.
Researchers at Henry Ford Health discovered that sildenafil improves neurological function even in middle-aged mice with long-term diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The study suggests new insights into underlying mechanisms and potential treatment for long-term diabetic neuropathy.
Researchers examined the effects of Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, and Carbamazepine on human skin keratinocyte and oral keratinocyte cells. The study found that lower concentrations of Amitriptyline were more cytotoxic to HaCat cells, while Gabapentin and Carbamazepine had less toxic effects.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a simple pulley mechanism that improves hand function in cadaver hands after surgery. The device reduces the force needed to close all four fingers by 45% and prevents slippage by 52%. This technology may offer new options for people who have lost hand function due to nerve trauma.
Researchers found that Asiaticoside pretreatment decreased neuronal cell loss and restored apoptotic-related protein expressions. It also inhibited Ca2+ influx induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, providing new insights into its neuroprotective effects.
A recent study found that prolonged electrical stimulation does not cause damage to the sacral nerve roots of rabbits. The research suggests that neurons in the rabbit sacral nerve roots can tolerate long-term electrical stimulation, which could have implications for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.
The first Canadian guideline for managing and treating Bell palsy has been published, emphasizing the use of corticosteroids to reduce involuntary facial spasms. The guideline also recommends a combined approach with antivirals for patients with severe paralysis, while cautioning against unnecessary antiviral treatment alone.
A recent study published in Annals of Neurology reports that healthy human tissue grafted to the brains of patients with Huntington's disease developed signs of the illness, several years after grafting. The study has profound implications on the understanding of the disease and how to treat it.
A recent Mayo Clinic study found that nerve damage after hip surgery may be caused by inflammation, rather than mechanical factors. The study identified key signs for physicians to look out for, including delayed onset of neuropathy and severe pain.
Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates damage to cerebral cortex neurons by downregulating nitric oxide, superoxide, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in hypoxia-activated microglia. The study suggests that ginsenoside Rb1 is a promising candidate for clinical use in preventing neuronal degeneration following cerebral ischemia.
A rare metabolic disease causing liver failure and autistic behavior showed significant improvements after a liver transplant, suggesting an unexpected link between metabolic conditions and some forms of autism. The patient's normalization of cholesterol levels after transplantation halted the progression of neurological damage.
Researchers discovered that sympathetic neurons communicate with pancreatic islet cells through norepinephrine, influencing their development and function. The study found deformities in the architecture of pancreatic islet cells and defects in insulin secretion and glucose metabolism in mutant mice.
Recent research suggests that oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are key contributors to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The study highlights the importance of mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating various neurodegenerative diseases.
Women who give birth vaginally are at increased risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse during the year after delivery. Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when connective tissue, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels are damaged, leading to complications such as urinary incontinence and bowel control.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that carrying heavy backpacks can lead to nerve damage, affecting hand function and dexterity. The study's results highlight the importance of proper load distribution to prevent microstructural damage to nerves.
Deimination, a protein modification altered in patients with MS and PMD, is reduced in both human patients and mouse models experiencing vision loss. Restoration of deimination improves visual function in mice, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for demyelinating diseases.
Researchers have successfully differentiated mouse ES cells into a tissue resembling the adenohypophysis, the hormone-secreting component of the pituitary gland. The self-organized tissue exhibits functional hormone secretion and can compensate for pituitary function in mice.
A Canadian study found that most nurses (71%) prefer using the dorsogluteal site for intramuscular injections, despite potential risks of sciatic nerve injury. Younger nurses were more likely to follow recommended best practices.
Scientists at UC San Diego have developed injectable fluorescent peptides that cause hard-to-see peripheral nerves to glow, alerting surgeons to their location. The discovery could revolutionize nerve preservation in surgery, especially in cases where nerves are damaged or distorted.
Researchers used accelerated evolution to engineer enzymes that can efficiently break down nerve agents, providing protection against nerve gas attacks. The developed enzymes show near-complete protection against certain types of nerve agents.
Researchers are investigating how parkin protein can rescue certain neurons from injury induced by Parkinson's disease. The study aims to understand the steps underlying parkin's ability to promote neuron recovery and identify targets for therapies.
Researchers discovered a link between diabetes and bone marrow nerve damage that may help treat retinopathy. The abnormal release of stem cells from damaged nerves affects the body's ability to repair blood vessels, leading to blindness.
Researchers have identified a gene AEG1 that plays a key role in human liver cancer progression. Targeting this gene may provide new therapeutic options for treating liver cancer. Additionally, adenosine signaling has been linked to alcohol-induced fatty liver disease in mice, suggesting potential treatments involving adenosine receptors.
Researchers have identified reduced white matter circuitry in brains of individuals with congenital prosopagnosia, a condition that affects face recognition. This discovery may lead to further understanding of other neurodevelopment disorders.
A possible link has been discovered between childhood middle ear infections and a tendency to be overweight later in life. Research suggests that prompt diagnosis and treatment of ear infections may help fight obesity in some people.
In a developing nervous system, peripheral nerve cells compete for NGF availability, with stronger connections surviving while weaker ones die. Target tissues release NGF protein, which changes from a growth cue to a survival factor, ultimately determining cell fate.
Researchers have developed a new method to monitor peripheral neuropathy by analyzing tiny structures in the skin called Meissner corpuscles. This non-invasive technique allows doctors to detect nerve damage and track its progression, providing a valuable tool for early diagnosis and treatment.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Chicago found that many diabetics experience a significant burden from managing their condition, which can be as impactful on quality of life as the disease itself. Patients reported being distressed by end-stage complications and disliked intensive treatments.
Research finds people with inflammatory bowel disease are at risk for developing nerve damage, including carpal tunnel syndrome and small fiber neuropathy. Women with bowel disease are more likely to develop neurological problems than men.
A study shows that trichostatin A, a hydroxamic acid HDAC inhibitor, increases SMN2 production in both neural tissues and muscles of mice with spinal muscular atrophy, improving survival chances. The treatment attenuates disease symptoms in affected mice.
Georgia Tech/Emory researchers used dopamine to create a polymer that stimulates nerve tissue to regrow and reconnect, offering a potential treatment for neurological disorders. The material degrades over time, allowing the nerve to grow in a hostile environment.
A study found that lobbing raw eggs at people as a prank can result in blunt ocular trauma, leading to injuries such as tears, bruising, and raised internal pressure. In some cases, this can cause permanent loss of eyesight.
Researchers found that BMPs regulate neural patterning in fruit flies and vertebrates, implying a conserved evolutionary process. A unified model of early neural development suggests that at least part of the neural patterning mechanism has been preserved from a shared ancestral organism over 500 million years ago.
A new synthetic treatment has been discovered that uses cooling chemicals to kill pain, targeting the TRPM8 receptor in human skin. This approach may offer a more effective and safer alternative to conventional painkillers for chronic pain patients.
A recent study published in Nature reveals that neural crest cell formation occurs earlier than previously thought, independent of tissue interactions. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of developmental disorders such as cleft palate and heart valve malformations.
Persistent post-operative pain affects 10-15% of individuals after common operations. Surgical techniques like careful dissection and minimally invasive methods can reduce nerve damage and associated pain. Surgeons must be aware of these techniques to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have discovered that CRPS-I patients exhibit reduced small-fiber nerve endings, leading to abnormal neural function and increased sensitivity. The study provides an identified cause for the condition, shifting its classification from 'psychosomatic illness'.
A study of 76 men found that those taking impotency drugs like Viagra and Cialis were more likely to develop optic nerve damage. Patients with pre-existing heart disease or high blood pressure also showed a higher risk.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine conducted a non-randomized study to assess the impact of CABG surgery on higher-level mental functions. The results showed that on-pump CABG patients had no significant differences in their cognitive abilities compared to other groups.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels can begin as early as 20 years into the disease. The study of over 500 patients showed steady worsening of nerve conduction tests even in those with normal values, highlighting the importance of controlling diabetes from onset.
A pilot study found cryoablation to be an effective treatment for cancer patients' severe pain, providing relief until the end of life. The procedure involves freezing tumor tissue and surrounding areas to kill cancer cells and ease pain, with most patients tolerating it well despite some nerve damage in one patient.
A new technique improves survival rates and quality of life for the youngest heart patients by eliminating initial open-heart surgery. The hybrid procedure, pioneered by Dr. Bacha and Dr. Hijazi, reduces risk of neurological damage and enables children to grow before follow-up operations.
Damage to the parasympathetic nervous system may account for nearly half of symptoms such as gallbladder disease and depression in Gulf War syndrome veterans. The parasympathetic system regulates automatic bodily functions like digestion and sleep, which was found to be impaired in veterans.
A recent study by Takayuki Onai et al. reveals that XsalF, the Xenopus homolog of spalt, regulates forebrain and midbrain-specific gene expression. The research demonstrates direct linkage between XsalF expression and forebrain/midbrain identity.
Researchers found that benzene derivatives have higher neurotoxic potency than previously thought. The study suggests related aromatic chemicals may also damage the nervous system, with potential applications as a biological marker of exposure.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have engineered a new type of cell that can develop into various tissues, overcoming drawbacks that limited hPSCs for disease therapy. The embryoid body derived cells (EBDs) reproduce readily and are easily maintained, eliminating the need for fetal tissues.
Researchers induced human adult stem cells to develop into various tissues, including bone, cartilage, and muscle, when transplanted into fetal sheep. The transplanted cells persisted for over a year without rejection, suggesting potential for tissue repair and regeneration.
Researchers at Ohio State University have made a breakthrough discovery that may lead to a new therapy for patients who suffer from heart attacks. The study shows that blood-derived cells called monocytes can create tunnels in damaged heart tissue, which can potentially be used to grow new blood vessels.