The crash of 2008: A mathematician's view
The 2008 financial crisis was a result of excessive risk-taking and lack of regulation, likened to the Tulip Mania of 1636. Experts recommend learning from past mistakes to avoid repeating them.
Poultry
Articles tagged with Poultry
Transporting broiler chickens could spread antibiotic-resistant organisms
Researchers found increased levels of pathogenic bacteria on surfaces and in the air inside cars behind trucks carrying broiler chickens. The study, published in the Journal of Infection and Public Health, suggests a real exposure potential for antibiotic-resistant organisms, particularly during summer months when windows are open.
SourceJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health·JournalJournal of Infection and Public Health·DateNov 24, 2008
Research consortium to sequence turkey genome
The turkey genome will be assembled using shotgun fragments and paired-end reads, providing benefits for researchers studying commercially important sources of food. The project aims to sequence over 95% of the turkey genome, offering tools for improving commercial breeds and understanding disease development.
Native birds might restock poultry industry's genetic stock
A recent study by Purdue University researchers found that commercial chicken breeds have lost up to 90% of their native genetic diversity, leaving them vulnerable to new diseases. Interbreeding with native or non-commercial bird species may help restore genetic diversity and improve disease resistance.
OSA's ISP launches with research on breathing disorders and congenital heart defects
Researchers develop new optical technique, anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT), to accurately measure airway narrowing and diagnose breathing disorders. The technology also helps understand congenital heart defects in developing embryos.
Trees kill odors and other emissions from poultry farms
Planting trees around poultry farms can reduce emissions of dust, ammonia, and odors by up to 56% and 53%. Trees also conserve energy, improve air quality, and filter pollutants from soil and groundwater.
Indonesia has had the most cases of human bird flu and also one of highest mortality rates
Indonesia has experienced the most human cases of bird flu and one of the highest mortality rates due to the disease. Development of better diagnostic methods and improved case management could lead to faster treatment with antiviral drugs, decreasing mortality.
'Chicken and chips' theory of Pacific migration
A new DNA study from the University of Adelaide has challenged long-held claims of pre-historic Polynesian contact with South America. The study found no evidence to support the idea that chickens were introduced to South America by Polynesians before Spanish arrival.
SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 28, 2008
Pourquié Lab uncovers mechanism contributing to appropriate formation of the spine
The Stowers Institute Lab has discovered that the rate of somite formation, a process controlling the number of vertebrae, varies across species. Smaller vertebrae precursors result in more somites formed.
Ancient antibody molecule offers clues to how humans evolved allergies
Researchers found that a chicken antibody behaves differently from its human counterpart, which sheds light on the origin of allergic reactions. The discovery could lead to designing drugs that alter the interaction between antibodies and white blood cells.
SourceBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·DateJun 12, 2008
Study finds healthy intestinal bacteria within chicken eggs
Researchers discovered that chickens are born with healthy intestinal bacteria, challenging conventional wisdom on how birds acquire these microorganisms. The study suggests that administering probiotics in ovo could improve growth and reduce the risk of food-borne illness.
Study finds healthy intestinal bacteria within chicken eggs
Researchers discovered a diverse community of beneficial bacteria within chicken embryos, suggesting that birds acquire these microbes from their egg environment. This finding could lead to improved poultry production and reduced risk of foodborne illness by administering probiotics in ovo.
Molecular analysis confirms T. rex's evolutionary link to birds
A study published in Science confirms that Tyrannosaurus rex shares common ancestry with modern-day birds, including chickens and ostriches, based on molecular analysis of ancient protein sequences. This finding provides the first molecular evidence for the evolutionary relationships of a non-avian dinosaur.
The difference in eating habits between men and women
Research shows that men are more likely to eat meat and poultry products, including duck and veal, whereas women favor vegetables like carrots and tomatoes. Women also have a preference for dry foods and certain fruits, such as strawberries and blueberries.
Solving an avian scourge could also provide benefits to human health
Researchers at Arizona State University are developing a vaccine that targets both Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and Salmonella, two leading causes of poultry disease and food-borne illness. The project has the potential to provide benefits not only to the poultry industry but also to human health by preventing outbreaks of diseases ...
Darwin was wrong about the wild origin of the chicken
A new study from Uppsala University found that the genes responsible for domesticated chickens' yellow legs come from a closely related species, the grey jungle fowl. This challenges Charles Darwin's theory that chickens originated from the red jungle fowl.
Study shows Darwin was wrong about the origins of chickens
A new study found that chickens have a different version of a gene that codes for white skin, but the yellow-skin variant is present in a completely different wild species, grey junglefowl. This discovery contradicts Charles Darwin's theory that all chickens came from a wild red junglefowl species.
New cause identified for necrotic enteritis in chicken
Researchers have reidentified the main cause of necrotic enteritis in chickens as Clostridium perfringens, producing extracellular toxins that attack the bird's intestines. The discovery of a new toxin, NetB, has led to hope for the development of effective vaccines within two years.
Welfare concerns for broiler chickens underlined by DEFRA-funded study
A comprehensive survey of 51,000 chickens found that intensive rearing methods lead to leg health problems, affecting over 27.6% of birds at 40 days old. The study highlights the need for alternative management practices to reduce growth rates and improve welfare.
Poultry workers at increased risk of carrying antibiotic-resistant E. coli
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reveals that poultry workers in the US are 32 times more likely to carry gentamicin-resistant E. coli bacteria than others outside the industry. The study highlights the importance of non-hospital environments in the origin of drug-resistant infections.
SourceJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health·JournalEnvironmental Health Perspectives·DateDec 17, 2007
Lessons from Turkey's bird flu outbreak
A recent study on Turkey's 2006 bird flu outbreak emphasizes the need for well-coordinated emergency response plans and clear responsibilities among healthcare workers. The research found that poor access to healthcare and poverty contributed significantly to the spread of the virus.
Bacteria inside red mites could be targeted to control poultry pests
Researchers have found that bacteria living in red poultry mites could be targeted to prevent Salmonella and other pathogen spread in chickens. The discovery offers a potential new approach to combat the devastating impact of these blood-sucking pests on poultry and human health.
Study confirms limited human-to-human spread of avian-flu virus in Indonesia in 2006
In a first systematic analysis, researchers confirm the limited human-to-human spread of avian-flu virus in Indonesia. Biostatistician Ira M. Longini Jr. found the virus spread within a small family, with the new software providing real-time analysis.
Thermochemical process converts poultry litter into bio-oil
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a transportable pyrolysis unit to convert poultry litter into three value-added byproducts: bio-oil, producer gas, and fertilizer. The process reduces waste disposal concerns and biosecurity risks, while producing high-quality bio-oils with potential economic benefits.
Chickens dieting to help Delaware waterways
Researchers at the University of Delaware have confirmed that a natural enzyme called phytase has helped Delaware chickens digest more phosphorus, reducing output in chicken manure. As a result, phosphorus loads to the environment have been reduced by some 2 million to 3 million pounds per year.
Work-family stress studied among immigrant Latinos
A recent study found that Latino immigrants working in low-wage jobs report infrequent work-family conflict due to their collective culture's emphasis on work as a means to ensure family well-being. In contrast, women from the same background experience higher levels of conflict due to societal expectations of their caregiving roles.
Chickens also orient themselves by the Earth's magnetic field
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt discovered that domestic chickens possess a magnetic sense of direction, orienting themselves by the Earth's magnetic field. This ability is thought to have evolved before migration and may be common to all birds.
Avian influenza on people's minds
A nationwide survey reveals that most Americans are aware of avian influenza but lack knowledge to inform their food choices. Only a small percentage believe cooking chicken properly kills the virus.
Eating soup will help cut calories at meals
A new study from Penn State shows that eating low-calorie soup before a meal can significantly reduce total calorie intake. The study tested different forms of soup and found that low-calorie, broth-based soups are filling regardless of their form.
Researcher examines polymers created with poultry feathers
Justin Barone's research focuses on creating biodegradable plastics from agricultural byproducts like poultry feathers. He has developed polymers with improved strength, water resistance, and longevity by modifying keratin amino acid structures and using natural additives.
Migratory birds: Innocent scapegoats for the dispersal of the H5N1 virus
A review article argues that migratory birds are not the primary source of H5N1 virus dispersal. Human commercial activities, particularly poultry trade, are the major factors behind the global spread of the virus. The study suggests that strict health control and better animal welfare measures can help prevent disease transmission.
Study finds antibiotic resistance in poultry even when antibiotics were not used
A University of Georgia study reveals high levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in chickens raised on antibiotic-free farms and lab conditions. The resistances don't come from antibiotic use, suggesting that banning farm use won't help, but may require new management practices to reduce the risk of human illness.
David H. Baker to be honored for work in animal and nutritional science
David H. Baker, a renowned expert in animal and nutritional sciences, will be honored with the Charles A. Black Award for his outstanding achievements in the field. His research has led to significant discoveries about amino acid metabolism, toxicology, and nutrient needs of humans and animals.
Hungry for a Super Bowl victory?
Researchers found that seeing leftover chicken bones on plates led to a 43% increase in eating, while those who ate off clean plates consumed less. The study suggests serving yourself onto a plate and stopping when it's empty can help prevent overeating at Super Bowl parties.
Travelers need to know more about diarrhea
A University of Alberta study reveals that travelers are aware of some key factors in avoiding and treating travellers' diarrhea, but lack knowledge on others. The study found that hand-washing is an effective way to ward off the sickness, but many travelers are unaware of the risks of chlorinated water and viral causes.
New research predicts US entry of H5N1 avian influenza
H5N1 avian influenza is most likely to be introduced to the US through infected poultry trade, not migratory birds. The virus spread rapidly through Asia, Europe, and Africa, causing millions of chicken deaths and 153 human fatalities.
UNH research uses satellite observation to track avian flu
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire are using satellite observations to track the ecology of avian influenza and develop early warning systems for potential outbreaks. By analyzing environmental data from satellites, they aim to understand how the virus spreads among poultry and wild birds in China.
Control measures fail to stop spread of new H5N1 virus
A new H5N1 variant, Fujian-like (FL), has emerged in China and spread to other countries, causing increased poultry infections and recent human cases. The study suggests that the vaccination program may have facilitated FL's emergence, highlighting inadequate control measures.
SourceSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 30, 2006
Poultry consumption, handling are risk factors for antibiotic resistance in humans
A three-year study funded by the CDC found a link between consuming poultry, handling raw poultry, and increased risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The investigation focused on the use of virginiamycin in poultry, which is linked to an increased risk of developing Synercid-resistant E. faecium.
Studies identify food sources of disease and drug resistance
Two studies reveal that contaminated carrots are a source of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection, while exposure to antibiotic-treated poultry increases the risk of antibiotic-resistant gut bacteria. The findings highlight the need for improved food safety regulations and hygiene practices to prevent such outbreaks.
SourceInfectious Diseases Society of America·JournalThe Journal of Infectious Diseases·DateOct 3, 2006
Black-Bone Silky Fowl: An odd bird with meat to crow about
Researchers have discovered that the Black-Bone Silky Fowl has significantly higher carnosine levels than other chicken breeds, which may contribute to its long-standing use in traditional Chinese medicine. The study found that carnosine makes up 0.45% of the muscle tissue in Black-Bones, compared to 0.22% in White Plymouth Rocks.
Of rice and hen: Fashions from the farm
Researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln are developing fabrics from agricultural waste products, including chicken feathers and rice straw. These fibers have properties similar to wool and cotton, making them suitable for conventional clothing and textiles.
University of Pittsburgh receives $1.3 million from NIH to develop promising avian flu vaccine
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has received a $1.3 million grant to produce a promising avian flu vaccine that could protect against the deadly H5N1 virus. The vaccine, developed by Dr. Andrea Gambotto's team, has shown complete protection in mice and chickens against infection.
Bird flu study highlights need to vaccinate flocks effectively
Incomplete vaccination of poultry flocks can lead to undetected spread of deadly avian flu strains like H5N1, according to a new study published in Nature journal. The research suggests that nearly all birds must be vaccinated to prevent silent transmission between farms.
Producing flu vaccines will be faster and cheaper, thanks to MSU technology
Researchers at MSU have developed a new cell line that can grow nearly all types of flu viruses, potentially leading to faster and cheaper vaccine production. This could help address the issues with traditional influenza vaccine production methods, including long production times and limited supply.
New study reveals pork rivals chicken in terms of leanness
A new study by the National Pork Board and the US Department of Agriculture found that six common cuts of pork are 16 percent leaner than 15 years ago, with saturated fat dropping 27 percent. Pork tenderloin is just as lean as skinless chicken breast, containing only 2.98 grams of fat per 3-ounce serving.
Origen publishes in Nature a robust and versatile method for creating transgenic chickens
Researchers at Origen successfully culture primordial germ cells from chicken embryos, introducing genetic elements into the chicken genome. This breakthrough enables efficient and cost-effective production of human protein therapeutics in eggs, with potential applications for treating cancer and other diseases.
Gene therapy for chicken model of childhood blindness
Researchers have successfully treated a chicken model of LCA1, a form of childhood blindness, using gene therapy. Six out of seven treated chicks developed sight, despite only a small percentage of receptor cells being infected by the virus. This study demonstrates the potential for gene therapy to treat this form of blindness in humans.
UF scientists restore sight to chickens with blinding disease
Researchers at the University of Florida have successfully restored vision to chickens with a genetic defect causing blindeness. Five out of seven treated chickens displayed near-normal visual behavior and responded to light, offering hope for an eventual vision-restoring therapy for children with inherited childhood blindness.
Test for dioxin sensitivity in wildlife could result from new study
Researchers found that a slight difference in protein shape allows dioxin to bind more easily, triggering harmful effects. A test using molecular analysis could help assess dioxin sensitivity in wild animal populations.
SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMay 18, 2006
Federal law should require ID of stores that sold recalled food, study suggests
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers suggests that publicizing the names and locations of grocery stores where recalled meat has been sold could increase recovery rates. The Food Safety and Inspection Service is proposing a new rule to require this information.
Most Americans do not expect widespread human cases of avian flu in US in the next year
Despite growing concern about avian flu, most Americans do not expect a widespread outbreak in humans in the US within the next year. However, many respondents would take precautions to reduce their risk of exposure and report being concerned about the potential economic disruption caused by such an outbreak.
Policy changes in poultry industry could reduce worker injuries, report suggests
The report suggests that management practices and job design can influence worker health in the poultry industry. Recommendations include building a culture of safety with worker advocacy groups and creating 'safety committees' to give workers more control over their work environment.
Hens' teeth not so rare after all
Researchers have found a naturally occurring mutant chicken called Talpid with a complete set of teeth, similar to those of crocodiles. The team successfully induced teeth growth in normal chickens by activating dormant genes, paving the way for potential applications in tissue regeneration and tooth replacement.
Birds that make teeth
Researchers discovered that modern birds can form teeth in embryonic stages with similar developmental positions to mammals. The talpid2 strain of chicken harbors a genetic change allowing this process.
Vaccine provides 100 percent protection against avian flu virus in animal study
A vaccine developed by University of Pittsburgh Medical Center researchers has shown 100% protection against the avian flu virus in an animal study. The vaccine, which contains a live virus, stimulates several lines of immunity and is expected to have greater therapeutic value than traditional vaccines.
Avian flu transmission to humans may be higher than thought
A large epidemiological study in Vietnam suggests that avian flu transmission to humans is more common than previously recognized, with symptoms often mild and requiring close contact with infected poultry. The study found that direct contact with sick or dead poultry was the highest risk factor for developing flu-like illness.
Geoscientists follow arsenic from chicken feed to streambeds
Researchers from Virginia Tech studied the fate of arsenic fed to poultry and found that organic arsenic is biotransformed to inorganic arsenic, which can be toxic. However, surprisingly, low concentrations of arsenic are transported to streambeds instead of being retained by aquifers.
Survey of poultry workers shows high rate of injuries
A recent survey of Latino poultry workers in western North Carolina found high rates of musculoskeletal injuries, with nearly half reporting pain in their hands or arms. The study also found significant differences in injury and illness rates among companies, highlighting the need for improved workplace safety measures.
Research on salmonella in the poultry industry may result in safer food for consumers
Researchers aim to identify the point of salmonella transmission in the poultry industry, allowing intervention measures to be introduced effectively.