Articles tagged with Poultry
Campylobacter jejuni, a common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the US, exploits human cells for nutrients and causes disease through gene regulation changes. Researchers have identified CJ1461 as a critical protein involved in this process, offering hope for developing treatments and vaccines.
The study compared the complete genome sequences of four Campylobacter strains, identifying novel phages and megaplasmids that may help scientists understand the bacteria's virulence. The analysis also revealed sequence variations among the strains, including major structural differences related to DNA insertions.
The chicken genome sequencing project has identified similarities between chickens and humans, including shared genes that enhance natural disease resistance in birds. This research also sheds light on genetic traits influencing desirable chicken characteristics, such as egg production and fat content.
The newly published chicken genomic sequence provides significant information on vertebrate evolution, revealing a clade of at least 9,600 avian species. The analysis also sheds light on the unusual genomic organization of chickens, including large variability in chromosome size and germline mutations.
Researchers from UC San Diego analyzed changes in gene orders on chromosomes and compared rearrangements in the chicken genome to those in the human, mouse, and rat genomes. The study found that chickens are closer to humans than previously thought when it comes to genomic architecture.
The completed chicken genome provides invaluable information for studying the human genome due to its ideal evolutionary distance. Strong conservation in previously thought 'junk' DNA regions has been found, shedding light on their importance.
The chicken genome contains approximately 20,000-23,000 genes, less than the human genome's 20,000-25,000 genes. Researchers found that about 60% of chicken genes correspond to similar human genes.
The sequencing of the chicken genome has provided valuable insights into human genetics, with similarities found between the two genomes that can help understand the function of human genes. The availability of the chicken genome will aid in the breeding of healthier chickens and the design of better veterinary vaccines.
The analysis of the chicken genome provides new insights into its value as a model for study of developmental disorders and diseases. The genome has about the same number of genes as the human genome, but contains significantly less DNA. Key similarities with humans include genetic sequences related to early development and telomeres.
The chicken genome sequence has revealed significant insights into the evolutionary history of mammals and birds. The study found that about 60% of protein-coding genes in chickens have counterparts in humans, highlighting the shared genetic mechanisms underlying various biological processes.
Researchers at Washington University ophthalmology discovered that a non-opsin protein, cryptochrome, plays a dominant role in controlling pupil constriction independently of light-sensitive photoreceptor cells. The study found that reducing cryptochrome production by 50% resulted in a corresponding loss of sensitivity to light.
USC researchers detail process of beak formation in journal Science, identifying BMP4 as a major mediator of beak shape. The study sheds light on how different bird species develop uniquely shaped beaks reflecting their ecological niches.
A team of MCG students has discovered a vegetarian alternative to chicken liver for diagnostic imaging, utilizing Carborite Pancake Mix. The product's binding rate is 97-98%, comparable to that of chicken liver.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that Asian bird flu viruses, such as H5N1, became highly pathogenic through continued circulation and gene swapping in domestic ducks in southern China. The researchers warn that control of poultry outbreaks is crucial to prevent the virus from evolving into a human pandemic.
Researchers used naturally occurring bacteriophage to treat chickens infected with campylobacter, resulting in a significant reduction of bacteria. The effectiveness of the treatment depended on the specific bacteriophage and dose administered.
Dhanasekaran has received the Raymond W. Sarber Award for his research on avian pneumovirus and Newcastle disease virus, which could lead to the development of recombinant vaccines against these diseases. His work aims to improve health and economic well-being in humans and animals.
A study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that teens eating lean beef maintained higher levels of iron and lower LDL cholesterol. The researchers also aimed to establish healthy eating habits among young adults, as they are more likely to pass them down to their own children.
A study by Ohio State University found that despite new regulations, only half of recalled meat and poultry products are actually recovered from the market. The number of recalls has increased due to more sensitive tests, but their success rate remains low. Small plants have shown a better recovery rate than large ones.
A study led by Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Rochester Medical Center is testing a vaccine against H9 bird flu, which infected several people in Hong Kong in 1999. The goal is to prepare for potential transmission of the virus from person to person.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has approved standards for electronic methods used in measuring live animals, carcasses, and individual cuts. The new standards aim to increase consistency and confidence in measurements across technologies, benefiting equipment manufacturers, producers, packers, and consumers.
Researchers have developed a novel technique that allows them to visualize three genes at once in embryos, body tissues, or even single cells. This improved FISH method combines existing technologies to illuminate gene activity, enabling scientists to study embryonic development and birth defects in greater detail.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have successfully assembled the chicken genome, providing a comprehensive resource for scientists worldwide. The draft assembly is based on seven-fold sequence coverage and has been deposited into public databases for free access.
Researchers emphasize the need for adequate surveillance and pandemic planning to prevent further avian influenza outbreaks. The development of a vaccine against the H5N1 virus is crucial to mitigate this risk.
Researchers at MCG are studying Campylobacter jejuni to understand its effects on the human body. They aim to develop a vaccine and improve prevention methods for this bacterial infection, which causes bloody diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain in millions of Americans each year.
Researchers in Switzerland discovered a high level of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter bacteria, which causes 5-14% of diarrheal illnesses globally. The study found that 59% of isolated strains were sensitive to all tested antibiotics, while some were resistant to multiple antibiotics, posing concerns for public health.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new tool using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to accurately determine bone mineral density in hens. The study found that more calcium resulted in greater bone mineral density and stronger bones, leading to potential improvements in egg production.
Scientists measured over 1,800 genes in sensory cells from the chicken inner ear, revealing significant differences between the cochlea and utricle. The study provides new insights into the causes of aging-related hearing loss and may lead to therapy that replaces lost sensory hair cells.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have successfully created a line of transgenic chickens carrying a reporter gene that can be easily tracked. This innovation provides a valuable tool for studying embryo development and potentially leads to new insights into birth defects and improvements in human and animal health.
Researchers use novel genetic approach to study feather formation in chickens, revealing that barbs form first and fuse to create rachides. This discovery sheds new light on dinosaur evolution and has implications for understanding human development and organ formation.
A team of UC Irvine researchers found that pythons expend excessive energy in digestion when consuming protein-rich foods. The study revealed that the metabolic rate needed for digestion is based on the content of the food, not its volume.
Researchers found that pythons exhibit specific dynamic action responses to certain foods, which are associated with increased energy expenditure. These findings suggest that pythons have evolved to optimize their metabolic rate by consuming specific diets.
Researchers at Rutgers University have created a new approach to increase protein content in corn without using genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The discovery has the potential to improve nutritional health in Third World countries where corn is a staple food.
Researchers at the University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute have identified specific amino acid residues in the Gumboro-causing viruses responsible for their infection and disease development in poultry. This discovery will enable the creation of more effective genetically engineered vaccines to protect against severe outbreaks.
Researchers at UC Riverside have identified a chicken chemokine, cCAF, that plays a critical role in wound healing and may help accelerate the process in humans. The discovery has potential for treating wounds in diabetics, people with pressure ulcers, and those with bedsores.
Researchers suggest that mechanical forces play a crucial role in shaping the developing heart, which could help scientists better understand heart defects. By studying the bending and rotation of chicken embryos, researchers have found that cellular contraction is driven by at least two different mechanical forces.
Researchers found that a minor change in the arrangement of molecules can turn a relatively benign flu virus into a deadly one. The study used mice to show that even a small amount of the virulent form of the virus was enough to cause fatal infections, highlighting the potential for animal-to-human transmission.
Researchers found that feeding hot pepper oil to chickens increases resistance to Salmonella enteritidis without adverse effects on feed consumption or taste. The oil causes mild inflammation in the intestines, making it difficult for the bacteria to bind and invade the body.
Two companies, GeneWorks and AviGenics, are developing genetically engineered chickens to produce human growth factor and interferon for treating diseases. The birds can produce up to 100 milligrams or more of a drug in each egg, making the yields lucrative.
A new hybrid of corn with more highly available phosphorus and an enzyme that helps chickens digest the mineral has been developed. Studies have shown a 41% reduction in total phosphorus levels and an 82% decrease in water-soluble phosphorus, which can help mitigate nutrient pollution in waterways.
University of Wisconsin-Madison experts conduct detailed surveillance on H5 influenza, a deadly strain found in birds that has infected eight people and killed three. The study aims to identify the source of the virus, test for genetic variation between bird and human strains, and determine potential public health risks.
A Penn State poultry nutritionist is developing strategies to balance chicken diets and minimize manure production, reducing nitrogen and phosphorus waste. The approach involves adjusting feed formulation, using better feed additives, and tailoring feeds to the life cycle of birds.
A new system using ozone has been successfully tested at a turkey processing plant in Arkansas, allowing for the recycling of at least 80% of chill water. The process saves energy and reduces costs by minimizing the need for cooling and pretreatment.