Researchers explore simple measures to improve the lives of nursing home residents with dementia. Simple pleasures like warm water bottles, fleece muffs, and creating memory boxes can reduce agitation and promote calmness.
The Shull Collection spans over five decades of Nobel Prize-winning research on neutron scattering and crystal structures. The archive includes papers, photographs, and videos documenting Shull's work at Carnegie Tech, the Manhattan Project, and his teaching position at MIT.
Eric Simone, a Johns Hopkins undergraduate, has developed a microchip that can isolate and move DNA and protein molecules. The innovative circular electrode design allows for more effective analysis in certain bio-analytical applications, holding promise for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
A prospective observational study found that physician residents worked an average of 69 hours a week, receiving 41 pages of seeking services. Ketonuria was observed in 21% of shifts, highlighting the need for stricter work hour limitations to ensure patient and physician safety.
The INEEL-designed closure system will demonstrate operations and equipment, with the prototype constructed and operated at the INEEL. The project builds on INEEL's expertise in spent fuel canister welding and robotics to develop a remote-operated waste package closure system.
A new study suggests that nicotine may protect the brain by inhibiting the activation of microglia, a key step in nerve cell death. The researchers identified the alpha-7 acetylcholine receptor subtype as the specific site where nicotine binds to block microglial activation.
Researchers found that high S-phase fraction and diploid status were key predictors of early and late recurrence rates. Patients with poor prognostic indicators, including older age at diagnosis and larger tumor size, had poorer outcomes.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have discovered that the MLL gene is necessary for the development of master stem cells that generate all mature blood cells. The study suggests that MLL is part of a select set of genes required for all definitive blood lineages in the embryo.
Patients with stage I disease experienced longer intervals than those with more advanced disease. A multidisciplinary approach could help reduce anxiety and mistrust by allowing sufficient time for information digestion and procedure recovery.
A new gene-expression-based predictor algorithm has been developed to predict prostate cancer recurrence with high accuracy, utilizing molecular signatures that distinguish subgroups of patients with different disease outcomes. The algorithm correctly classified 88% of patients with poor prognosis into the correct group.
Two American journalists, Fauber and Singer, are selected for American Academy of Neurology Journalism Fellowships to attend the 56th Annual Meeting in San Francisco. They will learn about latest advances in neurology research and treatment, and make contacts with experts in the field.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have found that 'reconsolidation' of a forgotten memory is not permanent, contradicting previous studies. The study's results challenge existing theories on memory storage and retrieval, suggesting that traumatic memories may be more resilient than previously thought.
Children whose mothers were exposed to second-hand smoke during pregnancy had reduced scores on tests of cognitive development at age two. They also showed a higher likelihood of developmental delays and lower cognitive performance. The effects were more pronounced for those who experienced material hardship during pregnancy.
Researchers found HIV patients had significantly larger carotid IMT and higher rates of plaque build-up compared to uninfected controls. The study suggests HIV infection may be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, with lowest CD4 counts associated with thickest artery walls.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have found that a low-dose combination of arsenic and bryostatin can kill APL cell lines by activating the cancer cells' natural self-destruct mechanism. This therapy has potential for treating treatment-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia, a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with poor outcomes.
According to a study, only 15% of stroke patients arrive at the hospital within three hours of symptom onset. This leads to a low rate of IV tPA use, which is critical for dissolving blood clots and restoring blood flow. The researchers found that shortening ED arrival times could significantly increase IV tPA use in the US.
Researchers investigated how small mammals use crossing structures built across the Trans-Canada Highway, finding that small covered culverts offer protection from other animals and are a cost-effective mitigation strategy. The study's findings have already influenced road construction plans, highlighting the importance of conservation...
A national study found that health care access for poor children has improved, with a decrease in emergency room visits and hospitalizations. However, the gap in care for uninsured children remains, with those without coverage experiencing worsening access to care.
Researchers found a link between the two diseases, with mutations in HNF-1a protein interfering with PKHD1 gene transcription. This discovery may lead to similar therapeutic approaches for both MODY5 and polycystic kidney disease.
Researchers found a strong relationship between increasing blood pressure and CVD risk in women, with even borderline elevations associated with an increased risk. The study of 5,218 female health professionals showed that for each 10 mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure, CVD risk rose by 9 percent.
A recent study found that male and female brains react uniquely to sexual cues, with males showing higher activation in the amygdala. This discovery may have implications for understanding human behavior and developing treatments for sexual dysfunctions.
Researchers found that PPAR-gamma deficiency in mice enhances bone development by increasing osteoblast production, while adipocyte differentiation is impaired. This discovery may provide new avenues for osteoporosis therapies.
Penn researchers have isolated stem cells in adult mice responsible for hair growth, leading to the development of potential treatments. The findings also hold promise for burn treatments, where current skin grafting methods fail to generate hair growth.
Researchers developed a neural network software that predicts the best dose strategy for individual patients based on 17 characteristics. The new approach showed potential for dose prescription improvement, reducing risk of adverse side effects.
Spanish scientists have developed a technique to determine the color of ancient wine, revealing that King Tut's wine was made with red grapes. The analysis is the first extensive chemical analysis done on a jar from King Tut's tomb and provides evidence of the color of wine in an archaeological sample.
Researchers will examine inflammatory process in obese patients to understand how it contributes to cardiovascular disease. High levels of free fatty acids in the blood stream may trigger inflammation, which increases risk of atherosclerotic disease in obese patients with diabetes.
Researchers have developed a gene expression profiling method that predicts clinical outcome in prostate cancer patients. The study's findings suggest that this approach can improve our ability to stratify patient populations and optimize disease treatment.
Researchers found that the mushroom bodies of wasps progressively increased in size as they took on new tasks, such as working outside the nest. This suggests that the brain structure plays a crucial role in regulating social behavior and adapting to complex environments.
Dr. Kenneth Olden has received the Society of Toxicology's Public Communications Award for his efforts to bridge the gap between researchers, policymakers, and the public through open access journals and regional town meetings.
The study reveals that people from different regions carry distinct strains of the tuberculosis bacteria, indicating sociological interactions play a key role in transmission. This finding has significant implications for vaccine development, potentially leading to region-specific vaccines.
Research reveals that prenatal alcohol exposure can cause slower processing speeds and arousal-regulation problems as early as infancy. Infants of mothers who consumed large amounts of alcohol during pregnancy showed higher levels of behavioral arousal but responded more slowly to stimuli.
Researchers found that switched-off SFRP genes allow the WNT pathway to stay active, leading to colon cell growth and tumor formation. The study suggests that reactivating SFRPs may prevent colon cancer by stopping this chain reaction.
A study found that even light to moderate drinking during pregnancy may cause learning and memory difficulties in adolescents. Researchers assessed 580 children and their mothers, and discovered an association between low levels of alcohol consumption and subtle difficulties with verbal/auditory abilities at 14 years old.
Research finds that childhood abuse is a significant predictor of comorbid anxiety disorders, including social phobia, agoraphobia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among adult alcoholics. This study highlights the importance of assessing childhood trauma in evaluating and treating alcoholic patients.
Researchers have discovered that tissue cells in clusters of 4 and 8 can revert to a stem-cell state under specific conditions, working just as well as normal stem cells. This finding could provide a new approach for harnessing differentiated cells to enhance tissue repair, similar to animals that can regenerate lost parts.
Researchers found that depression is often associated with an underlying autoimmune process affecting the thyroid gland. The study used thyroid function indicators to predict patients' responsiveness to antidepressants, achieving an almost 90% success rate.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers found that experience with elderly patients is more effective than classroom learning in changing age bias among dental students. Students who worked with elderly patients showed a decrease in negative bias, while those with limited clinical experience showed an increase.
Community-based oral health research studies in Hawaii prioritize tangible oral health problems, including intervention trials. Community involvement is essential in addressing disparities in oral health among population subgroups.
Duke University Medical Center researchers analyzed the forces at work during common basketball maneuvers and found that added arch support in athletic shoes can reduce maximum forces on the fifth metatarsal. This preventative action appears to relieve constant stresses and pressures, potentially preventing season-ending foot injuries.
UK public health experts warn that Britain is not doing enough to stop people from smoking, with nearly a third of adults still smoking compared to 20% in Australia. The UK has yet to adopt comprehensive tobacco control strategies like smoke-free policies in public places and workplaces.
Researchers at NIAID have found that mouse immune systems produce antibodies capable of single-handedly neutralizing the SARS virus. This discovery confirms that vaccines triggering antibodies to the SARS virus are on the right track, and could lead to a faster development of effective vaccines or antiviral drugs.
Scientists capture real-time video-clips of signal transmission in living cells using Quantum Dots, revealing new insights into cellular processes. The breakthrough is expected to speed up the development of new cancer-curing drugs.
A Wistar Institute-led team will develop blood tests to detect early lung cancer using proteomics and genomics, aiming to save lives through earlier cancer detection. The project receives $3.4M in funding from Pennsylvania's share of the national tobacco settlement.
A study found that gefitinib is effective for patients with non-small cell lung cancer who are female, never smoked, and have a specific type of cancer. The researchers identified two key factors associated with sensitivity to the drug: having adenocarcinoma with bronchioloalveolar features and never having smoked.
The University of Hawaii has developed a mentoring relationship with the University of North Carolina School of Dentistry to address oral health disparities in Hawaii. The collaboration aims to improve the oral health status of the people of Hawaii by conducting pilot studies on mothers and their babies in rural communities.
Faslodex, a novel oestrogen receptor antagonist, has been approved by the EU for treating advanced oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The drug offers durable responses and tolerability benefits compared to existing therapies, with a unique sustained release formulation administered monthly.
Research from Imperial College London finds that African cotton markets benefit from a balance between competition and coordination. The study reveals that concentrated, market-based systems have been successful in meeting common challenges while maintaining reasonable prices to consumers.
Novel genetic profiling can identify residual tumors and precancerous lesions, allowing for targeted treatment. Early clinical trials show promise for gene-mediated strategies to replace defective sequences and block signal transduction.
The demand for outpatient dental anesthesia and sedation services remains high despite a decline in training programs and an evidence-based foundation. Dr. Raymond Dionne calls for a scientific agenda to develop a safe and effective approach for dental outpatients.
A researcher is studying how diabetes affects ganglion cells and developing a potential treatment using sigma receptor ligands. The goal is to prevent ganglion cell death and the growth of new blood vessels that obstruct vision.
A new dental caries vaccine is being proposed as a crucial tool to prevent the spread of tooth decay, particularly in vulnerable populations. The symposium emphasizes the vaccine's potential to combat the disease and its impact on public health.
A recent study found that HIPAA compliance severely affected patient participation in long-term outcome studies, with a significant drop from 96.1% to 38.5%. This reduction resulted in a less representative sample of patients, which could bias study results.
A study published in The Lancet found that subdural hemorrhages in full-term babies are rare and typically resolve on their own. The research suggested that forceps-assisted deliveries and other trauma during birth may increase the risk of bleeding, but even then, it is usually not a cause for concern.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new method for producing uniform, self-assembled nanocells using micrometer-size channels. These nanocells can be controlled to specific sizes and are ideal for encapsulating medicine, leading to more accurate drug delivery.
The MIT 'Weird Fields' contest utilizes creative visuals to help students grasp abstract electromagnetism concepts. By exploring vector fields through interactive software, students can better comprehend the physics behind electromagnetic forces.
Research found that how couples manage parenting responsibilities when their child is 6 months old affects the quality of their marriage when their child is 3 years old. Couples who had a good relationship with each other as infants but struggled with parenting conflicts were more likely to have poorer couple relationships later on.
A team of NIST and IBM researchers has quantified 'electrical capture defects' in hafnium oxide chips, which can drain currents and hinder transistor operation. By applying a voltage pulse and measuring current, the scientists identified critical locations where these defects occur near the silicon substrate-hafnium oxide interface.
Scientists recommend preserving contaminated DOE sites as is, rather than undergoing costly remediation, to protect wildlife, biodiversity, and regional air and water quality. This approach would also reduce remediation costs and minimize public health risks.
A recent study examines seroprevalence of non-pneumonic SARS-CoV infections in general population and healthcare workers. The findings suggest that non-pneumonic infections are more common than SARS-CoV pneumonia, shedding light on possible explanations for cases with no obvious contact to other patients.
Researchers found a link between olfactory dysfunction and excess tau proteins in brain structures important for smelling. The study used genetically engineered mice to evaluate the effect of tau protein overexpression on smell perception.