Scientists have pinpointed a new cancer gene target, PIK3CA, which is mutated in 32% of colon cancers and may be involved in tumor growth. The study suggests that targeted therapies could be more effective with fewer side effects, leading to personalized cancer treatment.
Researchers identified four genetic variants strongly associated with type 2 diabetes in Finnish and Ashkenazi Jewish populations. The variants cluster in the regulatory region of the HNF4A gene, influencing insulin secretion in response to glucose.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has approved standards for electronic methods used in measuring live animals, carcasses, and individual cuts. The new standards aim to increase consistency and confidence in measurements across technologies, benefiting equipment manufacturers, producers, packers, and consumers.
Researchers found that subjects viewing 'before and after' ads indicated a strong anti-fat bias and believed weight is more easily controllable than those who viewed only the 'before' or 'after' pictures. The study suggests that such biases can influence further weight and eating disorder psychopathology.
Researchers discovered a link between the Endothelial NO Synthase gene and Alevolar Capillary Dysplasia (ACD), a fatal lung disease affecting newborns. The study found that mice lacking this gene developed major defects in lung development, mirroring human cases of ACD.
Scientists have developed a novel fabrication technique to study charge transport in organic crystals, resulting in the highest recorded mobility in an organic semiconductor. The method eliminates exposure of fragile surfaces to conventional processing, allowing for pristine crystal samples to be used for device fabrication.
A study of 300 former child soldiers found nearly all experienced traumatic events, including physical and sexual abuse. The study highlights the need for stronger intervention by the UN to prevent children from being used as soldiers in conflicts.
Researchers successfully doped C60 molecules with potassium atoms using atomic precision, increasing their electric charge and altering molecular orbital states. This breakthrough offers a new way to control electronic properties of individual molecules, with potential applications in nanotechnology and electronics.
Researchers successfully demonstrated precise control over molecular electronic properties using a scanning tunneling microscope. They added up to seven potassium atoms to a single buckyball molecule, altering its electrical properties.
A peptide, MUC7 12-mer, has shown promise for treating drug-resistant fungal strains. When combined with a protease inhibitor cocktail, its anti-microbial action was significantly increased.
A new study supports the use of PET scans in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, particularly in its early stages. The study identifies a new PET technique that can clearly identify brain connections altered by Alzheimer's, leading to higher accuracy in diagnosing the condition.
A research team led by Dr. Howard Lipshitz discovered that a protein linked to mammalian embryo implantation also plays a role in tumour metastasis in fruit fly development. The study found a surprising level of similarity between the proteins in flies and mammals, with potential implications for understanding human disease.
Researchers at the University of California - Davis have cloned the VRN2 gene in wheat, which controls vernalization and plays a crucial role in the crop's adaptation to different environments. The study provides valuable insights into breeding strategies for improving wheat varieties through manipulation of flowering times.
A NIST study identifies a potential source of error in the automotive industry's use of surface roughness data to predict friction. The researchers developed an improved analytical approach that can help automakers incorporate lighter weight materials and improve fuel efficiency.
A team of scientists discovered microbes that produce nanometer-scale crystals of extraordinary length, using polymer fibers as templates. The discovery may provide key insight into biomineralization, the process that produces bone, teeth, and shell.
A new biomarker, EPCA, has been discovered that can detect prostate cancer earlier than traditional methods. The marker is expressed in the tumor and throughout the prostate in men with prostate cancer.
Physicists at NIST used a highly sophisticated spectrometer to measure light wavelengths, providing 10 times better resolution than similar instruments. This improvement is expected to help the semiconductor industry create smaller circuits.
A UCI study reveals that newborn neurons in the adult brain mature by growing neural signaling appendages similar to those found in developing brains. This finding may aid in understanding how stem cells can be used to treat neurological diseases.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a gene link between juvenile polyposis and high blood pressure syndrome. The study suggests that patients with the intestinal disorder should undergo genetic screening for vascular defects, as they are at risk of experiencing severe nosebleeds or strokes.
Dr. David Eick received the 2004 Wilmer Souder Award for his significant contributions to dental polymers and resin-bonded dentin interfaces. His work has advanced dental health through improved surface analysis instrumentation.
A new study found that taking DHEA, a hormone supplement popular among athletes, does not increase testosterone levels but boosts other harmful hormones associated with prostate growth. Researchers tested 12 healthy men and found increased levels of byproduct hormones that may be bad for the prostate.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a master regulator of smooth muscle development, protein myocardin, which controls growth and differentiation. This finding offers new insights into the cellular mechanisms controlling smooth muscle cell proliferation, potentially leading to novel therapeutics for cardiovascular ...
Cardiologists at Duke University Medical Center found that aggressive therapies such as anti-clotting drugs and invasive procedures were not used adequately in patients with conflicting blood chemical results. Patients with positive troponin levels had increased mortality, while those with elevated CK-MB but negative troponin did not h...
A randomised controlled trial of breast self-examination in nearly 100,000 Russian women found no reduction in deaths from breast cancer. Instead, women who performed regular self-examinations had more frequent consultations for benign breast lesions, leading to increased anxiety and unnecessary surgical biopsies.
Dr. Gibson received the IADR Research in Oral Biology Distinguished Scientist Award for her groundbreaking research. She is recognized as one of the top researchers in the field, with a long history of publishing prestigious papers and serving on numerous review bodies.
A large international study found that patients switched from tamoxifen to AROMASIN after 2-3 years experienced a significant reduction in breast cancer recurrence and longer disease-free survival. The study suggests a potential new treatment option for post-menopausal women with estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer.
Dr. Paul Sharpe has received the 2004 Craniofacial Biology Award for his pioneering work in vertebrate body patterning and the molecular basis of tooth development. His contributions to the field have been widely accepted by the scientific community, recognizing his significant impact on craniofacial biology.
The International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research has awarded Dr. Haas the 2004 Pharmacology/Therapeutics/Toxicology Award for his extensive work on anxiolytic agents in dentistry. Dr. Haas has also made significant contributions to the field through his presentations and leadership roles.
Researchers at USC's Viterbi School have developed a new electric pulse technology called electroperturbation, which exposes cells to brief and intense electric pulses that can trigger cell death. The technique has advantages over conventional treatments, being non-invasive and able to deliver treatment remotely.
Researchers found that a single bout of strenuous exercise 24 hours before a simulated dive significantly reduced bubble formation. This non-pharmacological procedure may form the basis for preventing serious decompression sickness.
Dr. Gutkind received the IADR Oral Medicine/Pathology Research Award for his seminal research on normal and oncogenic functions of non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases. He has published over 200 scientific papers and contributed to developing molecular markers of disease progression in oral malignancies.
Dr. Fleming's research focuses on dental biomaterials and alternatives to amalgam alloys, demonstrating his commitment to developing clinicians as researchers in dental materials science. The IADR Young Investigator Award recognizes his scientific and mentoring skills, making him a strong role model for young researchers.
A study presented at a dental research conference explores the link between oral health and diet, finding that poor oral health can lead to unhealthy eating habits. The presentation highlights the potential consequences for systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and malignancy.
The Kavli Institute for Brain Science at Columbia University will focus on analyzing and deciphering neural signaling in complex brain systems. Dr. Eric Kandel, a Nobel laureate, is the first director of the institute.
A study of 2,800 Medicare patients found that hospitals implementing the ACC's Guidelines Applied in Practice (GAP) Project reduced mortality rates by 25% at 30 days and one year. The project improved care through standardized tests, drugs, and lifestyle advice.
Researchers developed a method to estimate background levels of heavy metals in soil, allowing for the estimation of manmade contamination worldwide. A new analysis of satellite data provided detailed information on tropical Atlantic surface current variability, which can be used to infer global ocean patterns. Additionally, a simple m...
Researchers found a high rate of follicle degeneration in mice without a corresponding reduction in healthy follicles, refuting the idea of a fixed egg supply. The study suggests that ovaries retain the ability to produce new oocytes and follicles, potentially leading to new approaches to combating infertility.
Researchers found that adult ovaries produce new oocyte-containing follicles, defying the traditional understanding of ovarian function. Ovarian follicle numbers even increased with age in some strains of mice.
Dr. Helen Gift, a renowned dental researcher, has been awarded the prestigious IADR Distinguished Scientist Award in Behavioral Sciences & Health Services Research. Her research focuses on promoting oral health among US veterans, with a particular emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion.
Dr. Beighton received a cash prize and plaque for his work on understanding the oral flora. The IADR Research in Dental Caries Award is one of the organization's highest honors, recognizing outstanding research in dental caries.
A research team at MGH has successfully grown long-lasting blood vessels using a technique that combines endothelial and perivascular cells. The new vessels formed beautiful networks, survived, and functioned like normal vasculature tissue.
A team of researchers has identified a protein called APC that regulates cell growth and limits the development of cancer. By controlling the levels of another protein Skp2, APC helps prevent cancer cells from growing uncontrollably.
Researchers found that a new MVA vaccine was effective in protecting monkeys from both smallpox and monkeypox. The vaccine elicited similar immune responses as the current Dryvax vaccine, with all immunized animals surviving a lethal monkeypox infection and showing no clinical signs of disease.
A team of scientists has successfully tested a new smallpox vaccine that shows promise as an alternative to the existing Dryvax vaccine. The MVA vaccine was found to elicit equivalent or higher immune responses in nonhuman primates, providing protection against monkeypox.
A study clarifies the impact of diet on the risk of gout, revealing that meat and seafood consumption significantly increases risk, while dairy products may be protective. The study's findings suggest a potential benefit to reducing red meat consumption and increasing low-fat dairy intake.
The Kavli Institute will bring together world-renowned thinkers in nanoscale science to address major challenges and opportunities. The institute aims to define a path for progress in creating significant new science by sponsoring seminars and symposia on emerging themes in nanotechnology.
The 'Keepin' it R.E.A.L.' curriculum targets European-American, Mexican-American and African-American cultures, with mixed results. The program helps students understand risks, make prudent decisions and refuse drug offers, leading to better outcomes.
The Research in Prosthodontics/Implants Award was established to recognize outstanding research accomplishments in the field of prosthodontics. Nishimura's award acknowledges his contributions to four key areas: cell differentiation, tissue engineering, wound healing, and human genome bio-informatics.
A new clinical trial called TREE-2 is evaluating the safety and efficacy of three regimens of ELoxatin as a first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The study combines an effective anti-angiogenesis antibody with chemotherapy to improve treatment outcomes.
Dr. Yoshiro Takano has been recognized for his contributions to biological mineralization, including work on calcium transport in the enamel organ.
Rising carbon dioxide levels are altering Amazonian forest ecosystems, leading to faster growth and changes in species composition. Large trees are outcompeting smaller ones, with the latter's decline posing concerns for the entire ecosystem.
The study found that psychopaths have abnormal wiring in the hippocampus and corpus callosum, leading to impulsiveness, lack of emotions, and social disconnectedness. This suggests a neuro-developmental root for psychopathy, with faulty brain development causing structural abnormalities.
OHSU scientists successfully transplanted ovarian tissue into monkeys, allowing the return of hormone cycles and egg production. The procedure may lead to new methods for preserving fertility in young cancer survivors.
The International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research has presented several awards and fellowships to dental researchers in Hawaii. These include the IADR Distinguished Service Award, E.W. Borrow Memorial Award, and William J. Gies Award, among others.
Researchers have found that urocortin II administered intravenously significantly enhances heart muscle cell contractions in mice with congestive heart failure. The hormone targets the CRF2 receptor, leading to improved cardiovascular function and a potential new treatment for heart disease.
Dr. Soskolne has made significant contributions to scientific literature in the fields of oral pathology, bone physiology, and the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. He developed an organ-culture model for studying bone remodeling, which has been used extensively to study bone physiology.
A study by Janis Whitlock found that urban youth feel disconnected from their schools and communities, leading to feelings of invisibility. The research highlights the importance of school and community connectedness in protecting against negative outcomes such as violence, risky behavior, and dropping out of school.
Tony Smith has made significant contributions to pulp biology, including a groundbreaking tooth slice organ culture model. He will also become Editor of the Journal of Dental Research, a flagship publication, and is recognized as an international authority in his field.
A recent study by Michigan State University researchers has found that lakes invaded by zebra mussels have three times higher levels of a toxic algae and twice the levels of its deadly toxin, microcystins. The discovery raises concerns about the potential reversal of water quality gains made in recent years.
A University of California study suggests that melting Greenland ice could lead to a significant drop in North Atlantic Ocean salinity, triggering colder climates in Northern Europe and Eastern Canada. The research found that elevated Caribbean salinity, transported by the Gulf Stream, amplifies heat transport systems.