Articles tagged with Light Signaling
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at TU Wien and the University of Rennes have created a method to calculate tailor-made anti-reflective structures that can be used to reduce wave reflections in various mediums. This technology has potential applications in improving wireless reception, imaging techniques, and even future mobile communications.
Researchers discovered that stressed plants produce salicylic acid, a protective hormone, to counteract stress caused by climate change. This discovery could help plants survive increasing stress and ultimately protect the food supply.
The study compares the behavior of flat (1D), cylindrical (2D) and spherical (3D) micromirrors for free-space light coupling. Silicon micromirrors were fabricated and used to experimentally validate the coupling efficiency in visible and near infrared wavelengths.
Researchers developed a novel frequency-domain method to selectively suppress background noise in STED microscopy, achieving higher spatial resolution and improved signal-to-noise ratio. The approach has potential applications in various dual-beam point-scanning techniques.
Researchers found that the eyes of tadpoles undergo significant changes in gene expression and photoreceptor cell sensitivity to adapt to life on land. The study reveals that 42% of genes involved in vision changed between tadpole and juvenile frog stages, enabling better adaptation to a bluer light environment.
New research from University of South Australia and Flinders University uses retina recordings to identify distinct signals for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), providing a potential biomarker for each condition. Children with ADHD showed higher overall energy, while those with ASD sho...
A novel all-optical switching method has been developed to make optical computing and communication systems more power-efficient. The method utilizes the quantum optical phenomenon of Enhancement of Index of Refraction (EIR) to achieve ultrafast switching times, ultralow threshold control power, and high switching efficiency.
The MIT team developed wavelength-induced frequency filtering (WIFF), a novel photonic technique that dramatically improves fluorescent sensor signals. This allows for the implantation of sensors as deep as 5.5 cm in tissue, enabling applications such as tracking specific molecules inside the brain or monitoring drug effects.
A new study demonstrates a machine-learning approach that can learn to control a fleet of autonomous vehicles as they approach and travel through a signalized intersection. The technique reduces fuel consumption and emissions while improving average vehicle speed, with benefits seen even when only 25% of cars use the control algorithm.
Researchers revived photoreceptor cells in human macula, responding to bright and dim lights. The study restores communication between retinal cells, transforming brain and vision research.
Researchers developed an improved transient spectrometer combining TCSPC with a pulse generator to investigate energy transfer mechanisms and exciton evolution in organic light emitting diodes. The technique's superior sensitivity enables extraction of mobility information, providing valuable insights into device physics.
Researchers developed a light-controllable time-domain digital coding metasurface that can manipulate microwave reflection spectra by time-varying light signals. The metasurface platform produces harmonics based on phase modulation, generating symmetrical harmonics and white-noiselike spectra.
A team of researchers from the University of Münster has made new findings on the internal clock of the fruit fly, demonstrating the role of transport proteins in regulating circadian rhythms. The study found that ions transported by KCC play a crucial role in synchronising the internal clock with external day-night rhythms.
A magnetic field can be used to switch nanolasers on and off, leading to unprecedented robustness in signal processing. The new control mechanism may prove useful in a range of devices that make use of optical signals, particularly in topological photonics.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have developed mathematical equations explaining how individual randomness can give rise to synchronisation, applicable to systems like clocks, fireflies and metronomes. The findings provide a basis for new types of computer technology using light signals.
Scientists have developed a new material, black phosphorous, only three atoms thick, which can control light with unprecedented precision. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize telecommunications and pave the way for Li-Fi, a light-based replacement for Wi-Fi.
A smart microparticle developed by FAU researchers can identify defective components in electrical appliances using light signals. The particles measure component identity and temperature history, allowing for faster and more accurate repairs.
Researchers found that plants exhibit a rapid burst of gene activity within an hour of dawn, with three distinct waves. This inner circadian clock helps plants prepare for the day, and scientists identified key regulators of light signaling, including HY5 and BBX31.
Researchers used OSL dating to directly date stone artefacts from an archaeological site in southern Tibet, revealing an age between 5,200 and 5,500 years. The analysis provides new insights into human occupation of the region and sheds light on the earliest human activities in the Tibetan Plateau.
Researchers have developed a new, pixel-sized light detector that can accurately amplify weak signals in real-time, giving autonomous vehicles a fuller picture of their surroundings. This breakthrough increases sensitivity and consistency, making it ideal for lidar receivers and applications in robotics, surveillance, and terrain mapping.
Archaeological research at Ga-Mohana Hill rockshelter reveals a history of spiritual significance dating back to 105,000 years ago. The discovery of deliberately collected white calcite crystals and ostrich eggshell fragments indicates cultural use of the shelter linked to spiritual beliefs and ritual.
Physicists at NIST have developed a system that uses optical fiber to control and read out a superconducting qubit, enabling the creation of a more powerful quantum computer. The method allows for the conversion of light signals into microwaves, which can be used to store and process information.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum found that flashlight fish use blink patterns resembling Morse code to communicate in schools. The frequency and intensity of these signals affect the animals' behavior, with faster blinking associated with increased attraction to group members.
Optical systems can combine light by multiplying wave functions instead of adding them, allowing for the solution of nonlinear problems. The authors suggest guiding system trajectories towards solutions by temporarily changing coupling strengths.
Researchers from Skoltech and UTMB have developed an optoacoustic sensor to measure water content in skin, a technique that can monitor swelling or dehydration. The method is safe, non-invasive, and provides high resolution, making it suitable for clinical applications.
The study reveals new details on how the retina works and photoreceptors convert light into nerve signals. Spontaneous calcium flares were discovered in the tips of the outer segment, indicating a functional gradient and a need for turnover.
Researchers analyze cyclical changes in light spectrum emitted by Proxima Centauri and suggest the presence of a second planet. The candidate planet orbits every 5.2 years and may be a 'super-Earth', challenging current models of low-mass planet formation.
A new optical switch developed by the NIST team can route light at speeds of 20 billionths of a second, making it ideal for quantum computing and high-performance computing. The device uses a miniature racetrack to redirect light signals with low signal loss.
Researchers at Salk Institute and UC San Diego developed a novel technique to trace neural connections, enabling them to understand how brain responds to light signals. They found that different time scales affect how neurons communicate with the retina and brain regions.
Researchers from Kanazawa University discovered that saturation of transcription or translation generates a dead zone in the circadian clock system, enabling it to remain insensitive to light signals during daytime. This finding highlights the fundamental properties of circadian clocks determined at the single-cell level.
Researchers at the University of Zurich's XENON1T detector have observed the slowest atom decay ever measured, with a half-life time over a trillion times longer than the age of the universe. This rare process, called double electron capture, was detected for the first time and has implications for understanding dark matter.
Liposomes, small artificial structures with lipids and aqueous cores, have been engineered to transmit light or electrical signals. By incorporating magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescent molecules, the vesicles can be controlled by magnets and used for Boolean logic operations, enabling on/off signal transmission.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology develop a novel multiplexing technique using the optical vortex to encode independent signals, enabling high-speed data transmission with low energy consumption. The device has been fabricated and demonstrated its potential in improving optical networks.
A team of researchers from Infinera achieved a record efficiency for data transfer in the MAREA transatlantic fiber optic cable, nearly doubling its capacity to 26.2 terabits per second. The method uses 16QAM modulation and extends record-setting capacity across longer distances without requiring new cables.
A team of international researchers has developed a nanosized amplifier to boost light signals in microchips, significantly reducing signal attenuation. The breakthrough utilizes atomic layer deposition method and could lead to increased performance and energy efficiency in microcircuit systems.
Researchers at Lund University found that dung beetles are sensitive enough to hold their course during full moon nights despite light pollution. They use polarized light as their most important compass reference.
Researchers found that body-painting provides protection against bloodsucking insects, with white stripes repelling them more effectively. The discovery is based on experiments using plastic models and may have ancient origins, as similar markings were found on Neanderthal cave walls.
Researchers from the University of Münster have developed a novel thin-film organic phototransistor array using small-molecule 2,6-diphenylanthracene. The device shows high photosensitivity, photoresponsivity, and detectivity, outperforming state-of-the-art OPTs.
A new injection treatment has shown success in improving vision in children with a form of congenital retinal blindness. The treatment, which targets CEP290 mutations, restored visual acuity and allowed patients to read letters on an eye chart within months.
A new computer simulation simulates the effects of general relativity on spiraling supermassive black holes, predicting predominant UV and X-ray light emission. The simulation suggests that gas in these systems will glow predominantly in these wavelengths when two supermassive black holes collide.
Researchers have developed a digitally designed holographic optical element that can replicate the functions of bulky optics, enabling more people-friendly AR/VR devices. The approach overcomes a significant bottleneck in commercial success by incorporating collimating functions on the lens array itself.
A QUT study found that cyclists are more seriously hurt in crashes with motor vehicles at intersections with 'Stop' or 'Give-way' signs than at intersections with traffic signals. The study, analyzing 13 years of Queensland police crash records, found drivers were most often at fault at these intersections.
Researchers at USTC have created a 4-port device that breaks the reciprocity of light transmission in dielectric materials, enabling various functions like optical circulators and directional amplifiers. The device uses an optomechanical resonator and can be controlled with a single-photon level.
A neuroimaging study found that the brain's visual system fills in missing information to maintain perception when visibility is low. The study, published in eNeuro, provides a more comprehensive account of how individuals perceive their world through vision.
Researchers found that using nanoparticles to bind molecules can trigger immune cells more effectively against cancer in laboratory studies. The combination of two therapeutics on a single nanoparticle showed higher rates of T-cell stimulation and tumor attack than separate deliveries.
Arthur Grossman, a Carnegie scientist, has received a $300,000 Human Frontier Science Program grant to investigate how light and metabolic signals control photosynthetic processes in algae. This research aims to develop a holistic view of photosynthetic control, spanning metabolism to epigenetics and mathematical modeling.
Researchers successfully monitored gallium arsenide wire growth, providing insights into the VLS process and enabling approaches to customize nanowires with special properties. The study's findings have significant implications for applications in infrared remote controls, mobile phones, solar cells, and space technology.
Researchers from TU Delft have found a way to convert the spin information of electrons into a predictable light signal at room temperature, bringing together spintronics and nanophotonics. This discovery could lead to the development of energy-efficient data processing methods.
Researchers at MIT's Media Lab have developed a new approach to time-of-flight imaging that increases depth resolution 1,000-fold. This breakthrough could enable accurate distance measurements through fog, a major obstacle to self-driving cars, and improve the resolution of existing systems.
Researchers at UTA and UVM have developed a novel group-delay-managed nonlinear-optical medium, enabling simultaneous all-optical regeneration of multiple WDM channels by a single device. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and more energy-efficient high-speed internet communications.
A nanoscale optical 'abacus' has been developed using pulses of light to perform arithmetic computations. The innovative device can carry out basic functions such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using picosecond light pulses.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered 60 new potential 'hot Jupiters,' gas giant planets that orbit extremely close to their stars. The discovery was made possible by a novel application of machine learning algorithms and the analysis of more than 140,000 star observations from NASA's Kepler mission.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed a nano-sized optical fiber that can detect forces down to 160 femtonewtons and hear sounds down to -30 decibels, with applications in detecting bacteria, monitoring cellular behavior, and creating mini stethoscopes.
Researchers develop biofunction generator and bioscilloscope to analyze and manipulate two biological circuits simultaneously, enabling precise control over gene expression and protein production. The technology, based on mathematical modeling and optogenetics, offers new insights into complex synthetic biological systems.
A new mathematical framework explains why plants have different shapes, attributing it to a 'sense of self' and its interaction with gravity and environment. The study uses simple ideas to quantify plant stem diversity.
Researchers developed a microscale modulator using plasmonically active gold components, demonstrating fast operation for ultra-broadband signals. The device features compact size and significantly wide bandwidth, supporting higher volume of information flow.
Researchers develop integrated optical switch using polarization diversity, reducing size and cost of traditional switches. The new device features a single 8x8 grid with unique port assignments, allowing simultaneous management of both polarizations of light.
Researchers have created a tiny radio receiver using atomic-scale defects in pink diamonds, enabling it to operate in harsh environments and human bodies. The device uses nitrogen-vacancy centers, which can emit single photons or detect weak magnetic fields.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have created a nano-roundabout for light signals using an atomic switch, allowing for precise control over the direction of circulation. The system utilizes a bottle resonator and a single rubidium atom to break symmetry and define traffic rules.
Scientists have discovered that plant light sensors also respond to temperature, allowing plants to detect changes in growth conditions. Mutant plants revealed a previously unknown conversion process where thermal reversion occurs without light, affecting the plant's response to temperature and light intensity.