Articles tagged with Plant Diseases
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A team of plant pathologists developed a comprehensive guide for diagnosing cucurbit downy mildew, caused by the obligate pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis. The guide provides written and graphic material to help identify symptoms and diagnose the disease using DNA testing and microscopy.
The new database covers 219 pathogens that infect plants in Brazil, including many agriculturally important species. It presents information on diseases caused by the viruses and their occurrence in native, cultivated, and ornamental plants.
Using a weather-based decision support system can significantly improve Cercospora leaf spot control in table beet by reducing unnecessary fungicide applications. The approach also helps minimize the risk of resistance development due to single-site modes of action.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists will use data from NASA's Earth Observing Satellites to identify areas of potential disease and track plumes of dust that traverse the globe. By predicting the origins and landing spots of specific pathogens, farmers can be advised on practices to avoid increasing their spread.
Researchers at Oregon State University have found that the order of microorganisms colonizing plants has a significant impact on microbiome composition and disease susceptibility. This discovery could provide farmers with important tools to combat plant diseases and maintain crop diversity.
A new fungal pathogen causing bitter rot disease in New York state apples has been identified, along with a second related fungus found in other fruits. The discovery highlights the need for effective management strategies to mitigate losses up to 25% per year in affected orchards.
Scientists have found that cell wall extracts from immune-active plants can trigger plant immunity and disease resistance, providing a new approach to protecting crops against pathogens and pests. This breakthrough discovery could lead to the development of simple, sustainable, and effective treatments to reduce crop losses.
Researchers paired hyperspectral sensors with machine learning and molecular assays to differentiate between late blight clonal lineages. They found that accuracy increased at early stages of infection before symptoms appeared, suggesting a link to pre-symptomatic effector expression differences.
The Verticillium wilt disease is a complex interaction between multiple microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, and protozoa, that attack the olive tree. The infection process involves a community of microorganisms, with beneficial fungi turning harmful to the plant.
Researchers created a novel microneedle technology that can target plant tissues for delivering life-saving treatments to crops ravaged by diseases. The method uses silk-based biomaterials and drug-delivery devices to precisely access plant vasculature.
A recent study on fungal diseases in Åland found that roadsides are a primary source of powdery mildew fungi, which can spread efficiently through the air. The researchers used advanced statistical methods to identify complex mechanisms in nature and shed light on how diseases transmit and evolve.
Researchers discovered that potato plants are most susceptible to infection during the first three weeks of the growing season, leading to reduced tuber yield and quality. This age-related resistance mechanism suggests that management programs should focus on early stages of potato development to protect crops.
The Fundamental Aspects of Plant Viruses focus issue in New Phytopathology emphasizes recent breakthroughs in understanding plant viruses and their impact on agriculture. The issue features studies on virus-host and vector interactions, replication, and pathogenicity, shedding light on disease development and horizontal transmission.
Stemphylium leaf blight has emerged as the most dominant foliar disease in New York onion crops, causing lesions that lead to loss of green leaf area and potentially affecting bulb size and quality. The re-emergence of SLB is attributed to fungicide resistance, leading to its removal from commercial production.
Researchers accidentally isolate a new species of Phytophthora infecting Fraser fir Christmas trees, highlighting potential biodiversity among the genus. The discovery emphasizes the importance of identifying and understanding plant disease species to protect natural environments and agricultural industries.
A new study has discovered a way to identify disease-resistance genes in cacao trees, which could lead to the development of more sustainable farming systems and improved crop yields. The method uses genome sequencing to rapidly identify resistant genotypes and provides insights into the genetic diversity of cacao trees.
High crop density and inadequate fungicides contribute to new disease emergence in ready-to-eat salads. Climate change also plays a role, reducing plant resistance to pathogens.
A multi-state experiment will investigate the impact of planting cover crops on plant disease, pests, and weeds. Alison Robertson's research suggests terminating rye cover crops can increase corn seedling disease risk if planted too quickly.
Aarhus University researchers have found that ants inhibit at least 14 different plant diseases through the secretion of antibiotics and pheromones. The discovery has sparked hope for new biological control agents in agriculture, which could be used to combat resistant plant diseases.
Researchers discovered that certain soil microbes can make plants more resistant to an aggressive disease, such as bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The study found that rare taxa and pathogen-suppressing bacteria are associated with healthy plant microbiomes.
Researchers have sequenced the microbiome within crown gall tumors of grapevines, providing a database to assess disease stage and paving the way for new advances to combat the debilitating disease. The study sheds light on the complex interaction between the grapevine and its microbial community.
A new study has found that systematic eradication of plants contaminated with the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) can keep passion fruit orchards producing for at least 25 months. The technique, known as roguing, involves removing weak or diseased plants to prevent the spread of the disease. In experiments conducted in Brazil, ...
Researchers catalogued plant surveillance tools to detect disease-causing microbes across an entire species, providing a blueprint for disease surveillance. The findings have major implications for agriculture and plant evolution, highlighting the importance of genetic diversity in understanding a plant's immune system.
Researchers found two eco-friendly methods to combat Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease: using UV-blocking plastics and salicylic acid analogues. These alternative approaches could help farmers reduce damage and improve crop yields without harming the environment.
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as greening, is a serious plant disease causing bitter and misshapen fruits. Researchers developed a low-cost staining method to identify insect feeding sites and detect the causal agent up to two days after transmission.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a portable technology that can identify plant diseases in the field by analyzing airborne volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The device, which can be plugged into a smartphone, works by measuring the type and concentration of VOCs released by plants to determine if they are diseased.
CABI aims to gather sufficient data to act as evidence for prioritizing research and policy in plant health. The initiative will provide accurate information for decision makers to allocate resources between diseases, enabling investment in plant health systems.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a new microneedle technique for rapid plant disease detection, extracting DNA from plant tissues in under a minute. The method promises to revolutionize on-site plant disease detection and diagnosis.
A new study predicts that Ash dieback will have a devastating impact on the UK's economy, with estimated costs of £15 billion over the next decade. The disease is expected to kill 95-99% of ash trees in Britain, leading to significant losses in ecosystem services such as water and air purification and carbon sequestration.
A new triplex TaqMan assay has been developed to improve the reliability of Xylella fastidiosa diagnostics, targeting two loci for increased specificity. Next-generation sequencing technology was also used to analyze DNA extracts from infected and healthy plants.
A new variety of zebra chip disease has been identified in potatoes grown in the Klamath Basin of southwestern Oregon, posing a significant threat to local potato production. The disease, caused by Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, can result in yield losses of up to 100% and economic damage estimated at millions annually.
Researchers have identified a fungal compound that may inhibit the causative bacteria of citrus greening disease, which has reduced juice orange yields by half in the last 15 years. The compound, radicinin, was isolated and purified from a fungus that inhibits the growth of the bacteria.
A new high-throughput sequencing technique enables quick diagnosis of viruses like Ebola and Zika in the field, avoiding sample transfer. The technology has been validated in plant virology, paving the way for real-time detection of chronic or emerging plant viruses.
A new disease is killing beech trees in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Ontario, Canada, causing dark-green bands on leaves and leading to tree death. Researchers are searching for a microbe or insect cause, using molecular techniques to compare DNA and RNA from diseased and healthy trees.
A UK-wide consortium led by the John Innes Centre aims to enhance surveillance and response to Xylella fastidiosa, a devastating bacterial plant pathogen. The £4.85m BRIGIT programme will improve diagnosis and detection methods, identify potential factors for its spread, and prepare to minimize its impact on the UK.
Virginia Tech professors Shane Ross and Traian Iliescu receive NSF grant to create a computational model-based simulation that quickly predicts contaminant spread. The research aims to improve forecasts of disaster response operations, minimizing environmental damage and costs.
Researchers discovered a gene, SRG1, that boosts plant defense against bacterial and viral infections. Higher levels of defence proteins enabled more resistant crops, with potential applications in reducing crop losses worldwide.
A previously unknown pathogenic fungus, Liberomyces pistaciae, has been isolated from pistachio trees in Sicily, causing cankers and decline. The fungus is characterized by vascular necrosis and tree collapse, and its presence was detected in asymptomatic trees, suggesting a dormant growth phase.
Scientists at UC Davis have identified molecular markers that influence the onset of Pierce's disease in grapevines. These markers can help diagnose the disease early and increase plant health, providing a more sustainable alternative to insecticides.
Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce genetic mutations into cacao plants, resulting in enhanced disease resistance. The study suggests that a fraction of the targeted gene's copies may be sufficient to trigger systemic disease resistance.
A new collaborative project has developed an RNA-based vaccine for protecting plants against diseases and pests, providing a promising environmentally friendly solution. The vaccine triggers RNA interference, which prevents pest gene expression without affecting the plant's own genes.
Researchers discovered that disabling the Bsr-k1 gene in rice plants boosts their resistance to multiple diseases without compromising grain yield or weight. This breakthrough has significant implications for breeding disease-resistant rice varieties.
A new algorithm-based technique predicts potential plant disease hotspots by analyzing pest-host interactions and geographical distribution of vulnerable plants. This can help governments anticipate outbreaks and prevent biological invasions.
Garry Sunter, a UTSA researcher, has received a $1 million award to develop an insect-based technology that delivers genetic therapies to improve the health of mature, vulnerable plants. The goal is to enable plants to thrive in challenging conditions such as drought and disease.
The partnership aims to improve food security crops with enhanced native traits, disease resistance, nutritional value, and biotic stress resilience. Gene editing is being employed to increase understanding of crop plants and deliver benefits to African farmers.
Plants form a symbiotic relationship with fungi, gaining key nutrients while also becoming more resistant to diseases and drought. The fungal symbiosis increases the plant's levels of certain hormones, making it more tolerant to environmental stressors and ultimately contributing to sustainable agriculture.
Researchers have found a way to make plants resistant to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae oryzae that causes rice blight. The team discovered that blocking the pathogen's access to sugar stores in plants can starve them out, preventing multiplication.
NC State researchers pinpoint a specific gene, caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase, associated with partial resistance to Southern leaf blight and gray leaf spot, and possibly Northern leaf blight. The gene is involved in lignin production and can be used to build disease-resistant corn plants.
A new study published in Phytobiomes found conflicting effects of climate change on the spread of Pierce's disease, an economically important grapevine disease. Rising temperatures can bring both positive and negative effects on disease development, depending on vector behavior.
A University of Queensland-led study has highlighted the minute details of how plant immune systems lead to resistance against diseases. Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the interactions between immune receptors and their signals, which are crucial for plant resistance.
Researchers have developed a revolutionary new crop protection technique using gene-silencing technology and nanotechnology to protect plants against pests and diseases. The BioClay spray has been shown to give plants virus protection for at least 20 days following a single application.
Researchers have developed a new way to sequence and analyze plant DNA to identify genes that confer disease resistance. By using longer DNA molecules and a specialized sequencing method, they can accurately identify the exact genes responsible for plant defense mechanisms. This breakthrough has significant implications for breeding mo...
Researchers at Penn State and EPFL developed an AI model to recognize specific plant diseases from images, achieving an accuracy rate of 99.35% in a public dataset. The technology has great potential for supplementing existing disease diagnosis methods and could be implemented on smartphones, especially in developing countries.
A study by Montreal-based researchers identified six plant extracts as potential tools in delaying chronic diseases associated with human aging. The most potent extract, Salix alba, was found to be effective in slowing down the pace of aging.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a genetic combination that allows plants to both grow and defend themselves from insects and disease. This breakthrough has significant implications for farmers trying to increase crop yields and feed the world's growing population.
MSU researchers will study plant stomata to understand how plants battle diseases and respond to environmental changes. They aim to uncover mechanisms that enable plants to survive and thrive in changing climate conditions.
Plant breeders have discovered that the best time to infect trees with citrus greening disease is during 'flush,' a stage in growth from leaf emergence to full size. This knowledge can help growers improve pesticide applications and protect their citrus crops.
Kansas State University researchers are exploring the role of long-distance dispersal in spreading vector-borne infectious diseases. They will evaluate control methods such as limiting animal movements and reducing vector populations to develop rules of thumb for controlling outbreaks.
Researchers have engineered a new receptor that can counter stealthy diseases by boosting plant defense systems. The modified Arabidopsis plants show resistance to both insects and pathogens.
Researchers found that root fungi in milkweed plants affect the virulence of protozoan parasites and monarchs' ability to resist infection. The study suggests soil organisms play a significant role in host-parasite ecology, with implications for community ecology and disease research.