Articles tagged with Yeast Pathways
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A research group successfully synthesized lignan glycoside in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a synthetic yeast consortium. The approach reduced side reactions and improved metabolic flux toward the target product.
Engineered yeast cells can form cooperative groups that perform complex tasks and self-regulate in response to external signals. This approach enables precise production of therapeutic compounds, reducing waste and increasing treatment efficacy.
Plant roots use a silent molecular 'language' to direct fungi to attach, providing phosphates. Researchers discovered that strigolactone activates fungal genes associated with phosphate metabolism, leading to new strategies for cultivating hardier crops and combatting disease-causing fungi.
Scientists discovered a unique way in which yeast cells adapt to starvation by coating their mitochondria with massive molecular complexes called ribosomes. This adaptation has potential implications for cancer treatment as it may help overcome the challenges faced by cancer cells when they are starved of nutrients.
Researchers found that certain proteins called killer toxins produced by brewer's yeast can suppress diastatic strains and prevent spoilage. Adding these killer yeasts at the point of contamination may be a remediation procedure to curb the issue.
A survey study estimates that 15.6 million US adults consume at least one potentially hepatotoxic botanical product within the past 30 days. Turmeric is the most commonly reported botanical, followed by green tea, ashwagandha, Garcinia cambogia, red yeast rice, and black cohosh products.
Researchers have developed a model to enrich sub-populations of cancer cells with high basal levels of mitophagy, promoting CSC features such as self-renewal, proliferation, and drug-resistance. This study highlights the importance of BNIP3/BNIP3L in maintaining cancer stem cell properties.
Researchers in Brazil have developed bread with probiotic yeast that may help combat asthma by reducing airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. The bread's probiotic properties were shown to attenuate asthma symptoms in mice, suggesting potential for a new treatment approach.
A new review paper explores the mechanistic links between peripheral vascular dysfunction, cerebral vascular dysfunction, and reduced brain health with aging. The study suggests that targeting fundamental aging mechanisms may be a promising strategy to reduce dementia risk.
The CCR4-NOT complex plays a crucial role in regulating RNA metabolism and stress response in C. elegans, compromising stress resistance and decreasing lifespan when depleted of subunits. This study highlights an important new role for the CCR4-NOT complex in normal aging and longevity.
A new study reveals that depression and antidepressant use are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. Epigenetic age acceleration, measured by GrimAge DNA methylation age acceleration, partially mediates the relationship between antidepressant use and increased mortality risk.
Weo electrolyzed water (WEW) has been shown to attenuate cellular senescence in both normal fibroblasts and breast cancer cells. The study found that WEW modulated markers of cellular senescence, inflammation, and stress response genes in a cell type-dependent manner.
Researchers investigated molecular changes in aging mouse sweat glands, finding 171 mRNAs enriched in secretory cells. Altered mRNA and protein abundance were associated with age-related declines in sweat gland function.
Researchers found a significant association between neighborhood deprivation and DNA methylation in brain tissue, which may be linked to immune response. The study identified one CpG site (cg26514961, PLXNC1 gene) significantly associated with neighborhood deprivation after controlling for covariates.
Researchers Polina A. Loseva and Vadim N. Gladyshev challenge the existing definition of human life, suggesting a new meaning for the 14-day stage in organismal life grounded in recent mechanistic advances and insights from aging studies. This stage defines the separation of soma from the germline and marks the boundary between rejuven...
Researchers found associations between inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and accelerated aging, with GlycA and GrimAge showing robust correlations. The study provides insight into the relationship between aging and cardiometabolic health, potentially informing vulnerable populations.
Researchers identified 35-63 proteins affecting severe COVID-19, hospitalization, SARS-COV2 infection, and 4-32 proteins for healthspan and lifespan. Novel proteins involved in inflammation, immunity, apoptosis and metabolism were also found.
Researchers at U of T have mapped the movement of proteins encoded by the yeast genome throughout its cell cycle, identifying patterns of emergence and disappearance or movement to specific areas. The study provides a unique dataset that offers a genome-scale view of molecular changes during cell division.
Researchers found that ~60% of tissues exhibit a significant negative correlation between age and stemness score, indicating a pan-tissue decline in stemness. This study adds weight to the idea that stem cell deterioration contributes to human aging, with hematopoietic stem cells from older individuals showing higher stemness scores.
A new study found that postmenopausal women exhibit smaller cortical surface areas in certain brain regions, reduced thalamic subnuclei volumes, and decreased functional connectivity, suggesting a link between menopause-related symptoms and brain changes.
Researchers found that chlorogenic acid enhances osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, while inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Administration of chlorogenic acid antagonizes ovariectomized-induced bone loss in rats.
Researchers at Leibniz-HKI deciphered the function of Candidalysin's unusual protein structure, which reduces pathogenicity and opens up new treatment options. Nanobodies neutralize the toxin, blocking its activity and inhibiting tissue damage.
A new study reveals that autophagy plays a crucial role in the gradual loss of DNA content in diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells undergoing chronological aging. The researchers found that only diploids survived, and autophagy induction was responsible for the DNA loss.
Scientists have developed a technique to restore the function of human-derived GPCR proteins in yeast cells, which could accelerate research and lead to more effective treatments. The approach, using error-prone polymerase chain reaction, introduces random mutations that enhance protein stability and function.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have uncovered a novel mechanism for sorting endocytic cargo, revealing a specific compartment within the trans-Golgi network that determines the fate of cargo. This discovery has implications for understanding basic life processes and diseases caused by disruptions in endocytosis.
Researchers Dr Joshua Hamey and Professor Marc Wilkins have completely defined the essential cellular process of methylation, emphasizing its role in creating proteins. The study reveals that methylation is crucial for controlling protein synthesis and cell behavior, opening up new avenues for understanding and manipulating this process.
Researchers have genetically engineered yeast to produce vindoline and catharanthine, the precursors to vinblastine, a widely used anti-cancer drug. This breakthrough may lead to new sources of these compounds and reduce dependence on plant farming and logistics challenges.
Delft University of Technology researchers successfully added human muscle genes to yeast cells, governed by a group of ten vital genes. The modified yeast model will aid medical scientists in studying diseases like cancer and testing new treatments.
Kobe University researchers successfully developed a tyrosine chassis in the yeast Pichia pastoris to produce various useful compounds with high yields. They introduced biosynthesis pathways for resveratrol, naringenin, norcoclaurine, and reticuline, achieving significant improvements in production rates.
Scientists have discovered a yeast self-destruct pathway, adding to evidence that unicellular organisms have programmed cell-death mechanisms. This finding could lead to new antifungal drugs targeting such mechanisms.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine researchers discovered that platelets help mediate an allergic immune response against yeast, clearing it from the lungs. This mechanism involves candidalysin, a peptide toxin that triggers Th2 and Th17 responses, providing essential protection against yeast invasion.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed optimized yeast extracts for cell-free biosynthesis, enabling faster and more efficient chemical production. This breakthrough integrates cellular engineering with cell-free systems, paving the way for sustainable alternatives to current petrochemical processes.
Researchers discovered an asymmetrical behavior in isogamous yeast, where MATa cells exhibit exploratory search and MATα cells display short-range gradient sensing. This finding challenges previous assumptions on the evolutionary origins of sexual dimorphism.
BIOinFOOD's new test uses genetically modified brewer's yeast to detect SARS-CoV-2 presence in saliva, promising high sensitivity and speed. The test is expected to be available by mid-2021 and may use red light for easy identification.
Scientists develop yeast cell-based sensor to detect diclofenac in environmentally relevant concentrations, aiming to improve sensitivity and detect lower concentrations in wastewater and soil. The system uses reporter yeasts to amplify fluorescence signals, enabling rapid on-site detection.
A research team at Osaka University has discovered a new enzyme that helps make valuable bioactive saponins, including glycyrrhizin, a potent natural sweetener with antiviral properties. The enzyme discovery opens novel routes for producing these high-value products commercially.
A Yale study shows that epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in shaping the evolution of gene networks in yeast. The research suggests that epigenetic factors can be passed on to offspring, contributing to stable and heritable gene expression states.
Researchers at Max-Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology study signal transmission in baker's yeast to understand how cells balance information accuracy with energy costs. They found that the pheromone signalling pathway contains negative feedback regulations that improve accuracy, but may also impose fitness costs.
Researchers at Goethe University have successfully produced tsetse fly attractants in genetically modified brewer's yeast, which could be used to contain sleeping sickness. The new production method is cost-effective and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for rural communities in Africa.
Researchers have discovered a new way that plants regulate volatile isoprenoid emissions, which contribute to hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere. This knowledge could lead to optimizing forest land and farming areas by planting fewer high-emitter-plants and more zero-emitters.
Scientists at DTU Biosustain successfully produced psilocybin de novo in yeast, eliminating the need for expensive substrates and enabling large-scale fermentation. This breakthrough could pave the way for the commercial production of psilocybin as a potential treatment for depression and other psychological conditions.
Researchers discovered a crucial DNA repair process in yeast that involves a protein called Rad51 and two helper proteins called Swi5-Sfr1. This finding may help understand why DNA repair processes fail to function properly in humans, leading to diseases like cancer and inherited conditions.
Researchers at DTU Biosustain successfully produced 0.6g/L of ergothioneine in yeast broth, a promising antioxidant with neuroprotective effects. The production method could lead to cheaper and more accessible supplements, addressing high market prices due to chemical synthesis costs.
Scientists at UC Berkeley engineered yeast to produce pure cannabinoids, including THC and CBD, at a lower cost than extraction from marijuana plants. This breakthrough could enable easier medical research on the complex chemicals in cannabis.
Researchers found seven bacterial genes in yeast that enable iron-scavenging molecules production. The genes originated from bacteria and were transferred horizontally to yeast through a process called operon acquisition.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology identify PP2A B55δ as a major regulator of alcohol fermentation by yeast. Understanding this molecular pathway could lead to ways to chemically enhance production of fermented beverages like sake.
Researchers identified a previously unknown mechanism, dubbed the 'tail,' which puts brakes on important cell signaling by regulating G proteins. The discovery could provide new drug targets for controlling cellular processes and more sensitive biosensors for detecting chemical agents.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University found rapamycin can 'cure' cells with genetic defects, restoring normal cell function. The study identified 12 genes responsible for temperature-triggered defects in fission yeast cells.
Researchers at Tufts University created a genetically modified yeast that can efficiently consume xylose, enabling faster growth and higher cell densities. The new synthetic regulon, dubbed XYL, preserved a natural interaction between feeding and survival genes, leading to improved survival of the xylose-eating yeast organism.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a fast and short-lived spike in signaling lipid PI3,5P2 that helps protect yeast cells from high salt stress before gene expression takes over. The study suggests that this early protection pathway may exist in other organisms and respond to different types of cellular stress.
Researchers found that common cancer drugs increase blood sugar levels, which can damage healthy cells and make them more vulnerable to chemotherapy. Fasting or glucose reduction reversed this increase in toxicity in mice.
Research in yeast reveals increased adaptability with age, benefiting growth on alternative food sources like galactose. This study challenges the notion of aging as an inevitable process, suggesting potential benefits and ancient mechanisms that may be conserved in more complex organisms.
Researchers developed a method to alter plant enzymes, producing new natural compounds with disease-resistance properties and potentially useful as anti-foaming agents or natural sweeteners. This breakthrough could revolutionize the production of complex compounds in the lab.
A study by Montreal-based researchers identified six plant extracts as potential tools in delaying chronic diseases associated with human aging. The most potent extract, Salix alba, was found to be effective in slowing down the pace of aging.
A team of researchers has sequenced the genomes of over 29 yeast species, revealing a wider diversity than expected. The study identifies new genetic pathways and enzymes that can be used to produce biofuels and other valuable products from a range of sugars.
Cells have two disposal systems: proteasomes, which handle smaller proteins, and autophagy, a process that removes larger complexes. Researchers discovered a smart bin liner-like system in autophagy, involving Cue5 receptors and Hsp42 chaperones.
Researchers have discovered that yeast cells use a complex protein structure, called the polarity site, to detect scent gradients. This site moves along the membrane towards the strongest signal before creating a bulge in the cell to grow towards its source.
Researchers at the Buck Institute have identified 238 genes that, when removed, increase the replicative lifespan of yeast cells. The study also reveals a link between these genes and caloric restriction, DNA damage control, and age-extending pathways in higher organisms.
The OPATHY network aims to create innovative diagnostic tools for yeast diseases by leveraging high-throughput technologies like genomics and transcriptomics. The project will provide multidisciplinary training for PhD students to develop original scientific and clinical strategies for treating yeast infections.
Researchers successfully synthesized thebaine and hydrocodone in yeast, offering a novel microbial-based production process for opioids. The breakthrough could significantly reduce production time and potentially create a new source of pain relief worldwide.