Articles tagged with Yeast Pathways
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Researchers have identified a fusion gene in poppy plants that facilitates important steps in the plant's morphine-producing pathway. The findings complete the metabolic pathway for morphine, enabling the production of the economically important drug without the need for cultivating poppy fields.
A team of researchers identified a yeast protein network that regulates fat storage in yeast, analogous to human obesity. The study suggests that yeast could serve as a valuable test organism for studying human obesity, with the removal of specific proteins resulting in increased cellular fat content.
A team of researchers has successfully engineered a yeast strain to produce morphine and potentially other drugs, including antibiotics and anti-cancer therapeutics. The breakthrough could significantly reduce the cost of drug discovery and manufacturing, but raises concerns about potential misuse and calls for urgent regulation.
Researchers introduced new metabolic pathways into yeast to efficiently ferment xylose and hemicellulose from plant cell walls. This allows for biofuel production without harsh pre-treatments or expensive enzymes, overcoming existing bottlenecks in fermentation of lignocellulosic feedstocks.
Researchers at MIT identified a method to boost yeast tolerance to ethanol by adding potassium and hydroxide ions to the growth medium, allowing for higher ethanol production. The approach increased ethanol output by about 80% and expanded to toxic alcohols like propanol and butanol.
A Penn-led study reveals a new molecular circuit controlling longevity in yeast and complex organisms, which may offer a therapeutic intervention to mimic caloric restriction's lifespan-enhancing effects without dietary restrictions. The findings suggest a potential strategy for combating aging-related disorders in humans.
The Carnegie Mellon team developed an algorithm that generates robust architectures for computer networks by analyzing the evolution of molecular connections in yeast cells. This approach can help understand how networks respond to cascading failures and external threats, offering insights into designing secure systems.
A team of University of Montreal and McGill researchers has developed a new method to link signaling molecules to target regulators of cell division. This method could provide valuable insights into the processes underlying cell division and potentially reveal new targets for cancer treatment.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to increase isobutanol production in yeast by up to 260%, boosting it entirely within mitochondria. This approach may also be applicable to other biochemicals, opening opportunities for metabolic engineering and renewable energy production.
Researchers discovered a dedicated olfactory circuit in flies that detects harmful microbes, enabling them to avoid feeding on toxic substances. The circuit is sensitive to low concentrations of geosmin, an earthy odor produced by harmful fungi and bacteria.
Researchers identified 33 genes associated with GAA/TTC repeat instability and expansions in yeast. These findings may have implications for human disease due to the conservation of genetic machinery across species.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have successfully manipulated yeast life span by removing and restoring a protein function related to aging. By restoring this function, the organism's life span is dramatically extended. The discovery reveals molecular components of an aging pathway that appears related to one regulating longevity in humans.
Flies sense glycerol, a sweet-tasting compound made during fermentation, which signals high nutritive value. Researchers found that a receptor called Gr64e plays a crucial role in signaling a good taste for beer.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have successfully created synthetic circuits in yeast cells using gene-regulated communication. This breakthrough could lead to the development of complex biological systems for detecting diseases and monitoring environmental pollutants.
The Solomon's lily plant attracts drosophilid flies by mimicking the yeasty odor of fermentation using six chemicals. This deception is rooted in a deeply conserved neuronal pathway specifically tuned to yeast odors, exploiting an ancient instinct in flies for pollination and food.
Researchers are uncovering the molecular basis of Parkinson's disease by studying alpha-synuclein in yeast cells, which could lead to new therapeutic drugs. Small compounds found effective in preventing Parkinson's disease in worms and blocking toxic effects in rat neurons may form the basis of future treatments.
Two assays, GCR and RQPS, are used to investigate the genetic basis of cancer by measuring chromosomal rearrangements and gene copy numbers. These methods provide insight into pathways that suppress genomic instability in yeast and humans.
Using yeast as a model organism, researchers at Penn identified novel histone modifications key to gamete formation and potential biomarkers of human male infertility. The study reveals the importance of epigenetic processes in sperm formation, which may lead to fertility problems.
Research suggests SSRIs affect more than one cellular process, including phospholipid membranes and vesicle trafficking, in yeast cells. This discovery could lead to new therapies and explain why different people respond differently to the same medication.
Researchers have found RNA interference (RNAi) in budding yeast species, including Saccharomyces castellii and Candida albicans. The discovery opens up new possibilities for studying RNAi and its potential applications in human diseases, research, industry, and pharmaceuticals. This breakthrough also highlights the importance of collab...
Researchers have developed a microbial-based method to produce artemisinin, the most powerful anti-malarial drug, at lower costs. This technology can restrict access to artemisinin and delay malaria parasite resistance.
UC San Diego bioengineers identified a previously unknown mechanism allowing yeast to shut down galactose metabolism when glucose is present. This discovery provides new insights into gene regulation and could lead to understanding of human metabolic diseases like diabetes.
Researchers have linked ribosomes and Gcn4 to the pathways related to dietary response and aging. The study found that mutations to the large ribosomal subunit led to increased lifespan, and treating cells with a drug specifically targeting the large subunits made them live longer.
By analyzing yeast cells' responses to periodic salt bursts, MIT researchers developed a simple model that captures the dynamics of a critical cellular pathway. This approach provides an alternative way to study intricate biological systems without requiring extensive computational simulations.
Researchers studied yeast cells to understand actin network regulation, which is crucial for cell movement. The study found that Arp2/3 regulatory proteins have distinct roles in actin assembly and endocytosis, shedding light on the immune system's ability to target disease-causing invaders and cancer cells' migration.
University of Michigan scientists found a significant connection between the lipid PI(3,5)P2 and neuronal health, revealing potential treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Lowered levels of this signaling molecule lead to massive neurodegeneration in mice.
Researchers at EMBL used a novel microscopy technique to observe the interplay of signalling molecules in living yeast cells. They found that the actual signal is not produced uniformly throughout the cell but only by specific chain components in the mating projection.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding how lipid binding domains interact with cell membranes to modulate functions. The study provides new targets for developing small molecules and drugs that specifically modulate signaling pathways.
Scientists have identified a gene mutation causing one form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disorder, a common inherited neurological disease. The discovery enables a genetic test for people with this subtype, which was previously unidentified and lacked an unknown genetic basis.
Researchers at Dartmouth Medical School have discovered a vitamin that extends lifespan in yeast by activating an anti-aging gene product. The study found that providing this newly discovered vitamin, NR, activates Sir2, which resembles sirtuins found in humans and is involved in longevity and energy expenditure.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover critical gene PHA-4 that specifically links calorie restriction to increased longevity in mice and other species. This breakthrough opens the door to developing drugs that mimic calorie restriction's effects, potentially allowing people to reap health benefits without adhering to an austere regimen.
Researchers used a microfluidic chip to study the mating habits of yeast cells, revealing that a second MAPK plays a crucial role in the process. The findings shed new light on how cells send and receive signals from one another and from their environment.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have made significant progress in understanding how yeast cells communicate with each other through quorum sensing. This complex process allows yeast to coordinate behaviors such as biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance.
Researchers identified a genetic network in yeast that guards against lethal DNA damage, which could lead to new therapies for human diseases such as cancer and aging. The study used a technology called dSLAM to map the interactions between genes involved in DNA repair, replication, and cell cycle progression.
Yale researchers developed a complex map of regulatory networks governing protein kinase activity in yeast cells. The study reveals distinct patterns and provides insights into the coordination of proteins to carry out complex biological functions.
Researchers identified ten new genes connected to longevity in yeast, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms involved. The study's findings may eventually lead to understanding and manipulating aging processes, with potential applications in humans.
Scientists have identified two key signaling proteins, Tor1 and Sch9, that are linked to both nutrient uptake and the aging process in humans. By studying these proteins in yeast cells, researchers hope to understand how caloric restriction affects lifespan and develop new strategies for targeting age-related diseases.
Researchers have developed a new statistical method to identify linked genomic loci influencing gene expression in yeast, revealing 37% of gene expression traits link to two loci. The technique bypasses overwhelming computations and provides insights into the genetic basis of complex traits.
Researchers have found a gene that signals yeast to make bread rise and mice to eat a better diet also helps selectively silence the immune system. This finding may help explain how mothers avoid rejecting genetically foreign fetuses, providing a new target for treatments to ignore other desirable tissues like transplanted organs. The ...
Researchers found that a gene controlling cholesterol production also senses oxygen levels, similar to human cells. This discovery offers a new strategy for killing infectious yeast while exploring potential connections between cholesterol and oxygen sensing in humans.
Dr. Longo's research suggests that the majority of a population dies prematurely to provide nutrients for a few individuals with acquired genetic mutations, raising the possibility of programmed human aging.
Scientists have found a trackway of fossil genes in the Japanese yeast Saccharomyces kudriavzevii, showing how an organism discards traits when they are no longer needed. The discovery provides insights into the process of evolution and how genetic pathways become obsolete.
A team of researchers used yeast to elucidate the steps involved in the pathway that regulates vertebrate cell response to dioxin, identifying 54 genes with a significant influence on AHR response. The study reveals five discrete biochemical steps in the signaling pathway and identifies one previously undescribed nuclear step.
A team of scientists at GlycoFi, Inc. and Dartmouth College reports the successful production of a human protein with complex glycosylation in genetically modified yeast. The achievement enables the generation of glycoprotein libraries for elucidating specific structure-function relationships and identifying efficacious molecules.
Researchers at Dartmouth College and GlycoFi have developed a technology to produce human-like glycoprotein structures in yeast, offering improved quality and quantity of pharmaceutical proteins. This breakthrough has the potential to increase patient access to life-saving drug therapies by overcoming production capacity bottlenecks.
Researchers discovered that misfolded yeast prion proteins can alter protein synthesis and unveil silent genes, generating novel traits. By ignoring natural genetic stop signals, yeast may gain advantageous properties such as increased antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at the University of Chicago found that prions enable yeast to acquire multiple genetic changes simultaneously, leading to novel characteristics and growth properties. This discovery has broad implications for understanding evolutionary processes and how organisms respond to environmental fluctuations.
Scientists have identified enzymes called kinases that add phosphates to inositol, triggering the export of messenger RNA from the cell nucleus. The discovery provides insight into a previously unknown signaling pathway and its role in regulating gene expression.