Articles tagged with Acidity
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Researchers found that penguin hemoglobin captured oxygen more readily than the version in non-diving ancestors, allowing for better oxygen capture and release. The stronger affinity also helped tissues starved for oxygen by acting as a 'stronger magnet' to pull more oxygen from the lungs.
A novel technique using artificial intelligence can distinguish between healthy and cancerous cells by analyzing their pH level. This method allows for fast and accurate cancer diagnosis, with single-cell classification accuracy rates of over 95%.
Researchers developed a method to identify single cancer cells using machine learning and pH-sensitive dye bromothymol blue. The technique can discriminate between healthy and cancerous cells, as well as different types of cancer, without inducing toxic effects or killing the cell.
Pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella can rapidly adapt their injection apparatus to varying digestive tract conditions. This dynamic behavior allows them to quickly respond to environmental changes, preventing misfiring and potentially activating the host's immune response.
A 100-year record of water quality trends in the lower Mississippi River was reconstructed by LSU Professor R. Eugene Turner, revealing significant improvements in bacterial concentrations and oxygen content after the Clean Water Act went into effect.
A recent study on octopus rubescens found a significant adaptability to short-term exposure to acidic water, with metabolic rates returning to normal after 1 week. Long-term effects were less pronounced, with reduced oxygen circulation and function in low-acidity conditions.
Tohoku University scientists created a miniaturized pH probe to investigate deep brain structures' chemical signals. The probe detects subtle pH fluctuations, which can reveal the influence of acidity on brain function and dysfunction in diseases like mental illness and seizures.
A new study published in JGR Oceans suggests that giant kelp forests may help mitigate ocean acidification by reducing acidity near the surface, but has no impact on the ocean floor where sensitive species dwell. The research found an overall less acidic environment within the kelp forest compared to outside of it.
The team used fluorescent pH-sensor foils to visualize changes in local pH during electrolysis, observing a clockwise motion of the electrolyte and fluctuations in density due to electrochemical reactions. They developed a multiphysics model to simulate natural convection in electrochemical cells with various electrolytes.
Researchers have created a polymeric nanomicelle that effectively delivers the potent mitotic inhibitor desacetyl vinblastine hydrazide (DAVBNH) to glioblastoma, showing improved survival rates in mice. The developed nanomicelle accurately senses the pH lowering in tumor tissue and releases the contained anticancer drug.
Researchers have created a map of the proton-activated chloride channel (PAC), a protein that can help brain cells survive during stroke. Understanding its structure, they hope to develop ways to reduce permanent damage caused by acidosis and improve medical outcomes.
Researchers have visualized a new class of molecular gates, called proton-activated chloride channels (PAC), which regulate the passage of small molecules into and out of cells. These gates are critical for maintaining pH balance within brain cells, allowing them to sense and respond to their environment.
Researchers used Moscow as an example and found that not only polluted downtown districts but also recreational parks and forest zones can be hazardous. Soil samples were analyzed for heavy metal pollution and their ability to bind down contaminants, revealing a significant risk in green suburbs.
Red abalone energy provisioning and larval metabolism are strongly correlated with survival under ocean acidification. Ingesting lipids differently, they grew more slowly but survived higher rates under acidic conditions.
Researchers found that even cooked carrots can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, as the allergen Dau c 1 retains its structure when heated. This study highlights the importance of acidity and temperature in triggering immune reactions.
Researchers discovered that water content and total mass concentration of aerosol particles are key factors in determining aerosol acidity. In populated continental areas with high anthropogenic emissions, the conjugate acid-base pair of ammonium ions and ammonia buffers and stabilizes aerosol pH.
Scientists have created an ingestible capsule that captures bacteria and biological samples from the gut while passing through the gastrointestinal tract. The device, which doesn't cause inflammation or toxicity, can be triggered over a range of pH to deliver biologics, providing insight into associated GI disease progression.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science develop novel mechanism for tuning luminescence of a transparent material by controlling proton concentration via voltage application. This breakthrough discovery opens possibilities for advancing methodologies in biological and electronics research.
Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science found that audible sound can control chemical reactions in solution by supplying energy sources into the air-liquid interface. The study created aesthetically pleasing patterns on the surface and bulk of the solution, exhibiting life-like behavior in synthetic molecules.
A new treatment process recovers higher concentrations of rare earth elements from acid mine drainage (AMD), a significant environmental concern. The two-stage method uses carbon dioxide to extract valuable minerals at lower costs and environmental impact.
A flexible electronic sensing patch can be sewn into clothing to analyze sweat for multiple health markers, including electrolytes and metabolites. The device enables real-time tracking of physiological responses during exercise or daily activities, with potential applications in diagnosing and monitoring chronic health conditions.
Researchers have discovered that LHCII trimer acts as a molecular machine responding to environmental conditions like temperature and acidity. This mechanism enables the protein to switch between efficient light collection and photoprotection, promoting energy dissipation when necessary.
Researchers found that strong photosynthesis in SAV beds increases pH and generates high carbonate levels, which are then transported downstream to neutralize acidic waters. The study suggests that SAV beds play a key role in combating ocean acidification.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo have discovered a way to speed up chemical reactions involving amide bonds, which are key components of proteins. By applying a slight twist to their structure, they increased reaction rates by up to 14 times, potentially benefiting medical research and drug development.
The study reveals that imidazole catalyzes the formation of prebiotic peptides, shifting the activation site from N-terminus to O-terminus. This finding sheds light on the origin of life and proposes a new hypothesis for its emergence.
Researchers warn that current regulations do not consider the combined effects of dissolved oxygen and acidification on aquatic life, which can be more severe than individual stressors. Revising water quality criteria could help improve coastal ecosystems.
Current regulatory standards for coastal waters have not kept pace with scientific understanding of hypoxia and acidification, putting important fisheries worldwide at risk. Aging policies fail to account for the combined effects of low dissolved oxygen and pH levels on marine life.
Researchers at LMU synthesized nanoparticles that rapidly release ionized iron within cells, triggering pyroptosis and potentially eliminating malignant tumors. The nanoparticles' structure and coating enable controlled release of iron ions in acidic environments, making them a promising therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have found a new way to kill pancreatic cancer cells by disrupting their pH equilibrium. Suppressing NHE7 lowers the cell's cytoplasmic pH, triggering cell death in both human and mouse tumors. This approach could provide a new therapeutic avenue for treating pancreatic cancer.
A new study found that chlorhexidine mouthwash significantly increases the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria, leading to lower salivary pH and buffering capacity. This may increase the risk of tooth damage. The research also showed reduced microbial diversity in the mouth.
A research team discovered a novel acid tolerance system in E. coli, enabling growth at pH 4.2 and existing in various pathogenic bacteria. This system confers survival in gastric acid and may be a new target for antimicrobial development.
A team of researchers from Japan has developed a novel probe to measure changes in brain pH in mice during exposure to visual stimuli. The study reveals distinct patterns of pH changes in the primary visual cortex that correlate with specific visual stimulus patterns.
A new study reveals that a site in southern Germany's Nordlinger Ries crater may provide insights into Mars' ancient atmosphere. The team used nitrogen isotope ratios to estimate the pH of ancient waters, suggesting high levels of carbon dioxide could have made liquid water possible on the red planet.
Researchers discovered that a rise in pH within lysosomes causes iron depletion, leading to cell death and inhibition of proliferation. This finding has implications for understanding and treating diseases, including cancer.
Recent research in Caenorhabditis elegans suggests that a moderately acidic digestive tract may actually make bacterial pathogens more potent. This finding could have significant implications for addressing antibiotic resistance worldwide.
A new study by University of Chicago biologists found that Mediterranean mussels with existing genetic variation can adapt to declining pH levels in seawater caused by carbon emissions. The surviving population in the low pH environment differed genetically from others, suggesting a faster adaptation process if no new mutation arises.
Researchers used microscopic shells to reveal that California waters are acidifying twice as fast as the global ocean average, posing a threat to the state's economically valuable fisheries. The study found decade-long changes in acidity patterns, which match the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a natural warming and cooling cycle.
Researchers at Imperial College London and the University of Toronto have developed a sponge that captures and removes oil microdroplets from wastewater, improving upon previous concepts. The new sponge works faster and over a wider pH range than its predecessor, making it suitable for industrial wastewater applications.
Researchers have developed a nanopipette pH biosensor that can detect changes in extracellular pH with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. The device uses a zwitterionic membrane to enable faster responses and has been tested on live cancer cells, showing its potential for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapies.
A study by University of California - Davis researchers found that giant kelp populations from different regions have distinct responses to climate change, with those from Southern California being more resilient to heat stress. The research also showed that ocean acidification did not negatively impact reproduction in some populations.
New research in the Pacific Ocean reveals that ocean acidification is increasing nitrous oxide production, a potent greenhouse gas. If current trends continue, N2O emissions could surge by 185-491% by 2100, exacerbating climate change.
Researchers develop a versatile yet affordable battery membrane technology using AquaPIMs, enabling long-lasting and low-cost grid batteries. The new membrane reduces costs by eliminating expensive fluorinated polymer membranes, making flow batteries more viable for widespread adoption.
Researchers analyzed data from the Mundus Vini Challenge to identify key characteristics of award-winning wines. The study found that wines with high ethanol and sugar levels, as well as flavors associated with sweetness, tend to win top awards.
Researchers found that mixing glyphosate with dicamba formulations consistently lowered the pH of the spray solution below 5.0, a critical value according to dicamba application labels. The study suggests that glyphosate in tank mixes could be a culprit behind dicamba drift and volatility issues.
A team of researchers identified the genes responsible for the hallmark sour taste of many citrus fruits. By analyzing these genes, plant breeders can develop new, sweeter varieties by targeting related genes that reduce acidity. The discovery could lead to the creation of better-tasting citrus fruits.
A new study found that collecting soil data at short intervals can increase the success of land reclamation, leading to faster regeneration and lower costs. By fine-tuning fertilizer and lime applications based on soil pH levels, teams achieved significant cost savings, especially in mountainous areas.
Scientists found that sponges hollow out and take over reef skeletons to protect themselves from predators, using chemical and mechanical techniques. Ocean acidification enhances this process, making it possible to predict future coral reef conditions more accurately.
A new study reveals that wine experts in Canada have distinct opinions on wine quality, influenced by their geographic location and education background. The research found that Montreal wine experts detected more acidity and bitterness, while Okanagan panelists preferred wines with spicy aromas.
Researchers found an ancient mutation in citron that made it 1000 times less acidic, and discovered a key gene called Noemi controlling fruit acidity. This genetic marker provides insights into the domestication of modern citrus varieties.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that hot-brewed coffee contains higher levels of antioxidants than cold-brew coffee. This contradicts the popular perception that cold brew is less acidic and thus less likely to cause gastrointestinal problems.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a light-induced super photobase that is 10 million times stronger than anything previously discovered. The discovery could lead to advances in solar energy capture and the development of new materials with potential applications in medicine and environmental monitoring.
A new study found that some corals can adapt to climate change, with the mountainous star coral surviving elevated temperatures and recovering quickly. In contrast, staghorn coral was highly sensitive to heat stress, experiencing 100% mortality after just 25 days.
Research reveals that liming can unlock previously unavailable phosphorus in soils, but the relationship is complex and depends on soil history and enzyme activity. Increases in phosphorus availability are relatively small, highlighting the need for combined lime and added phosphorus to meet crop needs.
Scientists have introduced a universal pH-regulated assembly method for DNA nanostructures, using ethylenediamine to control self-directed cohesions. This method enables the formation of various geometries without specific base sequences, expanding dynamic DNA nanotechnology applications.
Biologists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have uncovered a structural variation in the NMDA receptor that enables it to function in low pH environments, such as those encountered during stroke or epileptic seizures. This adaptation could lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A new study by UC Santa Barbara marine biologists shows that female purple sea urchins can condition their offspring to withstand stress induced by low pH levels, commonly caused by ocean acidification. The researchers found that the females' exposure to stressful conditions resulted in harder and larger offspring.
Researchers discovered that the proteins in royal jelly, particularly MRJP1 and apisimin, create a fibre-like structure that makes it viscous enough to keep queen larvae in their cells. This property ensures the survival of bee colonies by preventing larvae from falling out and developing into queens.
Research reveals that royal jelly's acidity changes its consistency, enabling it to cling to the ceiling of queen cells and support the growth of future queens. This property is essential for the survival of honeybees, as larvae destined to become queens need a stable environment to develop.
Researchers discovered that glial cells increase the acidity of the extracellular environment when exposed to ATP, leading to a massive release of acid. This triggers a feedback loop that prevents over-excitability of neurons by inhibiting neurotransmitter release.
Researchers have found that biochar can replace unsustainable peat moss in potting mix without harming plant growth. Biochar decomposes slowly, sequestering carbon and reducing emissions. However, high concentrations of biochar can cause pH issues, but these effects are short-lived.