Articles tagged with Carbon
Researchers have confirmed the existence of lunar carbon dioxide cold traps that could contain solid carbon dioxide, a key resource for sustaining robot or human presence on the moon. The discovery has major implications for future lunar exploration and international policy.
Researchers discovered that certain microorganisms can form elemental carbon without high temperatures and pressures, challenging current scientific understanding. The formation of this carbon is believed to be linked to the symbiotic relationship between archaea and their partners.
Researchers discovered carbon residue in ancient ruby, indicating early life presence, and graphite changed surrounding rocks' chemistry for favourable conditions
Researchers at Arizona State University explore alternative approaches to catalysis, a chemical process crucial for industrial applications. The study aims to develop synthetic catalysts that can improve on nature's designs, leading to the production of carbon-neutral fuels.
A new model, developed by Carnegie Mellon University researchers, identifies coal- and natural gas-fired electricity generation plants suitable for carbon capture technologies. The tool takes into account various factors like plant age, efficiency, location, and technology to explore optimal CO2 reduction strategies at an affordable cost.
A team of scientists has developed a new X-ray measurement method that can analyze the chemical properties of warm dense matter, a state found in planetary interiors. The method uses the strongest X-ray laser to probe carbon's bonding states, providing new insights into planetary formation and potential applications in materials science.
Scientists at Kyoto University have created a simple method to convert CO2 into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), offering a promising approach to dispose of the greenhouse gas. The new technique, which requires lower temperatures and pressures, demonstrates potential for widespread adoption and could help mitigate global warming.
Researchers found that old oak trees consistently increased their rate of photosynthesis when exposed to elevated CO2 levels. The increase was greatest in strong sunlight and suggests the trees have adapted to capture more carbon from the air.
Engineers at the University of Cincinnati have developed a carbon dioxide reactor that can convert CO2 into methane, a potential fuel source for Mars. The process, known as the Sabatier reaction, could reduce fuel needs by half for astronauts returning to Earth, making it a promising solution for future Mars missions.
A study using ALMA revealed that protoplanetary disks around five young stars are factories of organic molecules, including nitriles implicated in the origins of life. The discovery provides insights into planetary system formation and whether these systems have what it takes to host life.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed improved carbon membranes that can efficiently separate para-xylene from its siblings, reducing energy consumption by up to three times. The breakthrough could lower energy costs in producing commodity chemicals and fuels.
Researchers at UEA developed a new method for measuring carbon uptake by Arctic plants, providing insights into the impact of climate change on this process. This study reduces uncertainties in previous assessments and investigates the influence of environmental factors on carbon uptake.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) Singapore have devised a new method for producing urea, a key compound in fertilisers, through electrocatalysis. This approach produces urea five times more efficiently than previous methods and has the potential to contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.
A new catalyst and microchannel reactors improve efficiency and cost in converting alcohol into jet fuel. The process reduces complexity, improves efficiency, and lowers capital costs for renewable energy production.
Pasquali proposes splitting hydrocarbons to produce clean hydrogen energy and solid carbon materials, which could replace materials with large carbon footprints. This transition would generate robust growth in manufacturing jobs and improve production efficiency.
A team of researchers has successfully synthesized polycarbonate diols from carbon dioxide and diol at atmospheric pressure using a CeO2 catalyst. This process eliminates the need for dehydrating agents, producing only water as a by-product, making it an attractive alternative to existing methods.
Researchers at Georgia State University have developed an oral prodrug that delivers carbon monoxide via artificial sweeteners, showing promise in treating acute kidney injury. The study demonstrates the protective effects of CO against organ damage and suggests potential applications for transplantation and other conditions.
Researchers at UC Davis have received three ARPA-E grants totaling $4.5 million to improve biofuel production efficiency. The grants focus on using microbes, metal catalysts, and enzymes to minimize waste and carbon dioxide emissions.
A team of Ben-Gurion University researchers has developed an artificial nose capable of detecting bacteria through volatile metabolites. The technology uses carbon nanoparticles to sense gas molecules and has the potential to identify 'good' vs. pathogenic bacteria in the microbiome, detect food spoilage, and identify poisonous gases.
A new study from Aalto University suggests that green infrastructure can play a significant role in reducing urban carbon footprints. The research identified key considerations for creating standards for products used in green spaces, with the aim of helping cities reach carbon neutrality.
Three carbon-based materials have been predicted to exhibit omnidirectional auxetic behavior due to their negative Poisson's ratio. The findings suggest that these materials could be useful in photovoltaic devices or as light-powered catalysts.
Researchers used lab tools to mimic extreme conditions, redefining the conditions under which carbonates can exist in the Earth's lower mantle. The study expands our understanding of the deep carbon cycle and the Earth's evolution.
Researchers used quantum simulations to understand glycerol carbonate, a compound that could improve lithium-ion battery efficiency and reduce environmental impact. The study revealed new details about hydrogen bonding and its effects on solvent properties.
Researchers say Comet Catalina suggests comets were a key source of carbon on Earth and Mars during the solar system's early formation. This carbon-rich comet's composition helps explain how planets evolved into life-supporting worlds.
Saarbruecken chemists create new class of germanium-based compounds with Ge=Ge bond stability for synthetic use in olefin metathesis. The method enables synthesis of long-chain polymers and holds promise for novel materials in organic electronics.
Using drones equipped with magnetometers, researchers can detect magnetic anomalies and pinpoint the location of unplugged oil wells. By locating these wells, the equivalent of nearly 750,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide could be removed from the atmosphere.
A team of MIT chemical engineers has developed a system to continuously remove carbon dioxide from waste gases using an electrochemically assisted membrane. The membrane's permeability can be switched on and off at will, allowing for continuous operation without moving parts or wasted space.
Feng Jiao, a renowned chemical engineering expert, is leading research on transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals using catalysis. His projects aim to produce formic acid and ethylene from CO2 without purification, with the goal of commercializing this technology.
A new analysis of galaxy evolution finds that neutron star collisions do not create the quantity of chemical elements previously assumed. Instead, an entirely different sort of stellar phenomenon - unusual supernovae with strong magnetic fields - is responsible for making most of the heavy elements, including gold.
Researchers develop a conceptually new process to produce cyclic carbonates from CO2 and basic building blocks, offering potential for biodegradable plastics and pharmaceutical intermediates. The process yields six-membered rings with great potential for creating new CO2-based polycarbonates.
A Brown University team has created a copper catalyst that can produce C2-plus compounds from CO2 with remarkable efficiency, surpassing other reported efficiencies. The catalyst's high selectivity is attributed to surface defects, which are crucial for carbon-carbon coupling reactions.
Researchers at Oregon State University developed a new electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction, achieving high selectivity and efficiency in converting CO2 to carbon monoxide. The breakthrough enables the production of reusable carbon forms using renewable energy sources.
A team led by Argonne National Laboratory has discovered a new electrocatalyst that converts carbon dioxide (CO2) and water into ethanol with very high energy efficiency, selectivity for the desired final product, and low cost. This process could contribute to the circular carbon economy by reusing CO2 from industrial processes.
A new study published in Nature Astronomy sheds light on the origin of carbon in the Milky Way, revealing that dying stars play a crucial role in its synthesis. The research team found that low-mass stars shed more massive remnants than previously thought, breaking a linear trend in star formation and planetary evolution.
Scientists have synthesized brand-new transition metal carbonyl complexes, including Ta2(CO)12 and M(CO)7+, which transcend new chemical frontiers. These substances go beyond current compound limits, offering new possibilities for practical use and basic science research.
McKone's project aims to convert carbon dioxide into useful fuels and chemicals, addressing the environmental impact of excess CO2. He is developing new catalysts and reactors to mimic biological enzymes and improve efficiency.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a novel method for generating alkyl radicals under mild conditions using organoboron compounds and visible-light. The new protocol enables the generation of bulky tertiary alkyl radicals and unstable methyl radicals, which are useful carbon sources for chemical reactions.
UC Berkeley researchers develop a new catalyst to add functional groups to the strongest carbon-hydrogen bonds, opening doors to novel molecule synthesis. The breakthrough could lead to rapid production of complex structures for drugs, plastics, and other chemicals.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed a novel method to mix immiscible metals at the nanoscale, creating a range of bimetallic materials. This breakthrough enables the rapid synthesis of copper-based alloys with uniform structure and morphology.
Scientists discovered that more carbon than expected stayed in the mantle, suggesting it was sequestered into lighter elements like silicon and oxygen in the core. Despite this, the majority of Earth's total carbon inventory still likely exists in the core.
Excess electrons can shatter carbon-fluorine bonds in PFAS, breaking them down into by-products that may accelerate the process. The discovery offers a potential method to tackle widespread contamination of water supplies across America.
Researchers at Waseda University developed a new method to convert carbon dioxide into methane at low temperatures. This process can improve carbon capture and utilization, enabling the production of valuable energy resources.
Researchers at the Beckman Institute developed a technique to create chemically cross-linked carbon-nanotube-based fibers, significantly improving their electrical and mechanical properties. This breakthrough enables the creation of high-performance supercapacitors with potential applications in fields like aerospace.
A University of Arizona-led team used air-based maps of plant chemistry to better understand tropical forest responses to climate change. By combining traditional on-the-ground measurements with aerial data, researchers improved carbon cycling models and gained insights into the role of forests in the global carbon cycle.
At low concentrations, carbon monoxide has a beneficial effect by interacting with signaling proteins, suppressing inflammation and protecting tissues from oxidative stress. Researchers are exploring safe and effective delivery methods to harness its therapeutic potential for diseases such as sepsis and cancer.
Researchers developed a new systematic analysis method that uses machine learning to integrate computational model with experimental results, providing atomic-level data on carbon surface chemistry. This allows for better understanding of carbon-based materials without human-induced bias.
A new catalyst developed by Stanford University engineers can convert carbon dioxide into fuels like ethane, propane, and butane, yielding four times more fuel than existing methods. The breakthrough could significantly reduce the near-term impact on global warming.
A Cornell University collaboration has developed a reactive copper-nitrene catalyst that breaks C-H bonds and forms C-N bonds, crucial for pharmaceutical manufacturing. The catalyst's reactivity is due to the absence of two electrons in the nitrogen atom, making it highly reactive.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have identified a new possible pathway for forming carbon structures in space, shedding light on a radical wrinkle in complex carbon molecule formation. The study used a portable chemical reactor and X-rays to produce ringed molecules known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
A novel catalysis system reduces carbon dioxide to methane in a single step, eliminating intermediate steps. The system uses copper and nanostructured silver surfaces, yielding higher methane concentrations than copper-only systems.
Researchers at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have developed a method to directly synthesize graphene from greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. The process involves a catalytically active metal surface, resulting in a simple one-step conversion. This breakthrough could lead to the production of valuable materials and contribute to r...
Researchers at EPFL have developed a high-efficiency catalyst converting CO2 into carbon monoxide, paving the way for recycling fossil fuels' carbon dioxide to preserve resources and limit greenhouse gas emissions.
A new process uses chemical methods to purify samples and detect modern forgeries by analyzing binding agents, providing a clear result. This method was tested on a famous case and proved effective in detecting a fake painting from the 20th century.
Scientists at Tokyo Tech developed a novel material, Ti2InB2, for synthesizing layered TiB using a clever search strategy. The discovery expands the application of MAX phases in lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed an artificial process that converts carbon dioxide into fuel using visible light and electron-rich gold nanoparticles. The new process produces complex, liquefiable hydrocarbons from excess CO2 and sunlight, paving the way for green energy technology.
A new study reveals that microbes play a crucial role in sequestering carbon from subduction zones, influencing climate change. The research found that about 94% of subducted carbon is deposited as calcium carbonate and microbial biomass in the forearc subsurface.
A groundbreaking study reveals that microbes in subduction zones consume and trap carbon, reducing its availability on Earth's surface. This process has significant implications for understanding Earth's fundamental processes and the potential to mitigate climate change.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a carbon dioxide scrubber that converts captured CO2 into oxalic acid, a naturally occurring chemical used in the processing of rare earth elements. The technology has shown promising results, reducing emissions to below two percent and demonstrating potential for US produ...
For the first time, researchers have created carbon fibers with uniform pores, enabling greater surface area and improved energy storage. This breakthrough, achieved using block copolymers, opens up new possibilities for designing functional materials.
Researchers directly measured calcium, carbonate and pH at coral calcification sites using microscopy and microsensor measurements. They found that parameters are higher in corals than in surrounding seawater, highlighting the importance of calcium and carbon concentrating mechanisms.