Articles tagged with Carbon
A new study finds that irrigation increases global agricultural productivity by an amount equivalent to the entire US agriculture sector, leading to significant carbon uptake. Adding even small amounts of water can have a bigger impact than larger amounts in wetter regions.
University of Toronto chemists have developed a novel chemical reaction method to recycle carbon dioxide into liquid methanol fuel. The approach utilizes frustrated Lewis pairs and has the potential to be highly efficient and cost-effective, offering a promising solution to greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at Northern Illinois University have discovered a simple method for producing high-yield graphene using a new process that converts carbon dioxide into few-layer graphene. The technique is cost-effective and green, offering a promising alternative to existing methods.
Scientists have developed a novel technique to image the distribution of carbon and oxygen in samples with complex chemistry. The new method allows for the detection of tiny inclusions of water or diamond inside martian rock samples, providing insights into the molecular level structure of various materials.
A new study from the University of Cambridge shows that simple chemical reactions can delay or prevent CO2 from spreading in deep saline rock formations. The findings have implications for carbon sequestration methods and may enable engineers to manipulate reaction strength to enhance storage.
Researchers from Innsbruck and Vienna have isolated gas-phase carbonic acid, a molecule previously thought to be non-existent. The team used infrared spectroscopy to characterize the molecules and found that they exist in at least three different species.
Researchers have compiled more reliable data, which will help science and industry. The changes include expressing atomic weights as intervals with upper and lower bounds for accuracy.
Researchers have found dry water to be an effective material for absorbing carbon dioxide, with the ability to store gases safely. It also accelerates catalyzed reactions used in producing consumer products such as drugs, food ingredients, and other goods.
Indiana University chemists have developed an unusual solution to create large, stable graphene sheets by attaching a 3D bramble patch to each side. This allows for the creation of uniform-sized graphene sheets that can efficiently absorb sunlight, paving the way for cheaper and more sustainable solar cells.
Researchers develop method to efficiently turn carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide using visible light, a process similar to what organisms naturally do. The technique has potential applications in producing electricity or hydrogen and could be scaled up with mass production of the catalyst.
Researchers reconstruct past ocean chemistry using calcium carbonate veins that precipitate from seawater-derived fluids in rocks beneath the seafloor. The composition of past seawater can be determined from suites of calcium carbonate veins that formed millions of years ago, providing valuable insights into climate and ocean evolution.
A new method for breaking carbon-hydrogen bonds has been developed, revolutionizing the synthesis of natural products and therapeutic drugs. The technique, called 'layman chemistry,' uses common table salt and inexpensive materials, reducing waste and complexity.
A recent study by Washington State University professor Liv Haselbach found that concrete can absorb more CO2 than previously estimated, particularly when reabsorbed into the material over time. This could lead to a lower overall carbon footprint for the concrete industry.
Researchers have created a novel reaction scheme to efficiently convert carbon dioxide into methanol with minimal energy input. The method utilizes an N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst and silane as the reducing agent, enabling the use of air-borne CO2 as a renewable resource.
Purdue researchers found that invasive earthworms enrich forest litter with lignin, a harder-to-decompose plant material, while those with low earthworm activity accumulate more easily degraded carbon. This shift affects soil organisms' ability to decompose remaining carbon.
Scientists at Newcastle University have developed a highly energy-efficient technology to convert waste carbon dioxide (CO2) into cyclic carbonates, which can be used in various industrial applications. The technology has the potential to use up to 48 million tonnes of waste CO2 per year, reducing UK emissions by about four percent.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered that certain organic molecules can conduct electricity as well as metal, providing a new strategy for designing electronic materials. The finding is based on the study of fullerenes, which can mimic the behavior of highly conductive atoms.
UCLA chemists have developed a new class of materials called zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) that can selectively capture carbon dioxide, storing it like a reservoir. ZIFs outperform current porous carbon materials, capturing five times more carbon dioxide and requiring less energy.
Researchers found that farming practices, such as liming and changes in tile drainage, are responsible for the majority of increased water and carbon dioxide in the Mississippi River. The study's findings highlight the significant impact of agricultural activities on the river's chemistry and ecosystem.
A study by LSU and Yale researchers found that farming practices are responsible for the majority of increased water and carbon in the Mississippi River. The research team analyzed data on precipitation and water export to demonstrate the effects of excess water on river chemistry.
Researchers found that microbial communities change the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation, which can affect the chemistry and shape of crystals. This discovery could help date certain sequences of sedimentary rock and search for evidence of life on other planets.
A new study by Stanford University researcher Mark Jacobson links increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to increased human mortality, with up to 20,000 air-pollution-related deaths worldwide per degree Celsius. The study highlights California's particularly dire situation due to its severe air pollution, which is expecte...
Researchers aim to develop a safety mechanism for next-generation nuclear power generators by studying carbon fiber composites embedded in a carbon matrix. The project seeks to understand how nanotubes improve the radiation-damage tolerance of ultra-thin carbon fibers.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a class of carbon-hydrogen catalysts that enable direct synthesis of complex molecules with fewer steps and higher yields.
Scientists from Harvard University and the University of Pittsburgh found that carbon monoxide reduces or shuts down inflammatory responses by releasing chemical signals in mitochondria. This discovery raises hopes for developing new anti-inflammatory therapies, such as low levels of inhaled carbon monoxide.
A new scientific paper reviews 60 years of research on the impact of ocean carbon dioxide, warning of widespread species extinction, coral dissolution, and damage to natural food webs. The study suggests that doubling gas mileage in the US could help ameliorate existing damage.
Microbes adapted to living with oxygen around 2.7 billion years ago, as indicated by changes in fossil isotopes of carbon in rocks from the late Archean period in Western Australia. This finding supports the idea that oxygen-producing photosynthesis evolved and enriched the atmosphere over time.
Researchers have developed carbon-based quantum dots that show less potential for toxicity and environmental harm. These dots can be used to create low-cost sensors for detecting explosives and biological warfare agents.
A Brandeis chemist has made a significant breakthrough in developing new methods for molecular synthesis, which could lead to the creation of environmentally-friendly catalysts. His research focused on functionalizing carbon-fluorine bonds, a major component of potent greenhouse gases.
Researchers from Livermore have determined the phase boundaries for carbon at pressures up to 20 million atmospheres and temperatures over 10,000 degrees Kelvin. The study provides results on the physical properties of carbon, essential for devising models of Neptune, Uranus, and white dwarf stars.
Scientists have successfully produced giant superstructures of unnatural carbon, exceeding twice the size of previously developed fragments. These supersized molecules exhibit high density of pi-electrons useful for electronics and optics, with potential applications in optical electronics and switches used in telecommunications.
Jaap Sinninghe Damsté is awarded the Treibs medal for his research into marine sediments and the discovery of anammox bacteria, which has major consequences for the nitrogen cycle. He uses organic molecules to reconstruct life and climate in previous epochs.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new method for producing carbon nanoscrolls, which can be made at room temperature and offer significant advantages over traditional carbon nanotubes. This breakthrough could lead to improved hydrogen storage, enabling the development of pollution-free, hydrogen-powered cars.
INEEL researchers successfully cleaned over 69% of plutonium and americium from spiked, local soil using supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide. The method is nondestructive, environmentally friendly, and suitable for cleaning up plutonium-contaminated soil at DOE sites.
Scientists at Virginia Tech have discovered a crucial mechanism behind the growth of calcium carbonate crystals, which help remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The research could lead to novel materials with unique properties for medical and high-tech applications.
Researchers found that carbonic acid, a chemical irritant, causes the tingling sensation when drinking champagne. Volunteers were asked to rate the sensation after sticking their tongues into carbonated water for up to 15 seconds.
Researchers support a low-temperature origin for carbonate globules in the Martian meteorite ALH84001, suggesting microscopic depositions may be fossilized bacteria. The study uses secondary ion mass spectrometry to analyze oxygen and carbon isotope ratios, indicating a potential formation temperature of less than 300 degrees C.
Researchers have discovered complex organic molecules and mineralogical evidence of past life in the Martian meteorite ALH84001. The study suggests that these findings could be indicative of primitive life on early Mars.