Articles tagged with Catalysis
Scientists at TU Wien use microscopy techniques to observe chemical reactions on catalysts, revealing a wealth of detail that challenges previous understanding. The study shows that even simple catalytic systems are more complex than expected, with different scenarios prevailing on the micrometer scale.
A team of Japanese researchers has successfully developed a recycling photoreactor that enables the synthesis of optically pure compounds with high yields, achieving an optical purity of 98-99%. The system uses a two-step rapid photoracemization process and can produce enantiomerically pure chiral sulfoxides in yields higher than 80%.
Researchers developed a novel strategy to activate metal sites in high entropy oxides, improving their catalytic performance. The optimized catalyst exhibits higher CO2 conversion and discharge/charge capacities with excellent cycle stability.
The review covers several homogeneously catalyzed processes that produce valuable chemicals from 1,3-butadiene. Palladium-catalyzed telomerization and di-functionalizations offer versatile platform chemicals and polymer precursors. Efficient catalytic systems are crucial for enabling selective and sustainable processes.
A USTC research team designed a novel Ag pyrazole molecular catalyst that enables the one-step electrooxidation of propylene into 1,2-propylene glycol. The catalyst's dynamically reversible interconversion structure breaks the scaling relation and enhances the reaction rate.
Researchers have developed a novel tin-based MOF that can selectively reduce CO2 to formate in the presence of visible light, achieving high selectivity and quantum yield. The material, called KGF-10, was found to be efficient, precious-metal-free, and single-component.
Scientists have discovered a new method for producing pure hydrogen from renewable energy, a significant step towards a greener future. The breakthrough uses specialized techniques to understand how a catalyst works, enabling the creation of clean fuels like hydrogen.
Researchers have directly observed the signatures of electron orbitals in two different transition-metal atoms, iron and cobalt, using atomic force microscopy. The study validated that the observed experimental differences primarily stem from the different electronic configurations in 3d electrons near the Fermi level.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab used pulse radiolysis to study a key class of water-splitting catalysts, revealing the direct involvement of ligands in the reaction mechanism. The team discovered that a hydride group jumped onto the Cp* ligand, proving its active role in the process.
A recent study led by Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and University of Leipzig reveals the molecular level details of PET degradation by polyester hydrolases. The research shows that only two PET subunits are needed for the enzyme to cut the polymer, and it can 'walk' along the chain to move from one cut to the other.
Scientists at Tohoku University found that boric acid catalyzes polypeptide synthesis under neutral and acidic conditions, producing up to 39 monomer-long glycine polypeptides. This discovery challenges previous studies suggesting neutral conditions hinder peptide synthesis.
University of Rochester researchers create a groundbreaking system mimicking photosynthesis using bacteria and nanomaterials to produce clean-burning hydrogen fuel. The innovative approach replaces fossil fuels in the process, offering an environmentally friendly alternative.
Researchers used ALD to create eco-friendly exhaust gas catalysts, lithium-ion battery coatings, and hydrogen fuel cells. The technology improves catalytic and energy material performance through precise control of film thickness and composition.
Researchers have visualized the crucial final step of oxygen formation in Photosystem II, a protein complex that powers photosynthesis. The study provides new insights into the interaction between the protein environment and the Mn/Ca cluster, shedding light on the mechanism behind water-splitting and oxygen production.
Researchers observed strong crystal phase-dependent activity of MnGaOx in direct syngas conversion. The HCP oxide remained unchanged after reduction, while the FCC solid solution oxide transformed into a spinel structure with improved catalytic performance.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed a chemical process to disassemble epoxy composite materials from wind turbine blades, extracting intact glass fibres and high-quality epoxy resin building blocks. The process has potential applications for circular economies in the aerospace, automotive, and space industries.
Researchers have developed an electrolyte to improve the efficiency of CO2 conversion into useful hydrocarbons. The study found that controlling the concentration of the electrolyte is crucial in regulating product formation, with too much potassium leading to clogage and reduced selectivity.
A team of researchers at Binghamton University partnered with Brookhaven National Laboratory to investigate copper oxide peroxides and their effects on oxidation reactions. They used two spectroscopy methods to observe changes in the surface of copper oxide and found that peroxides enhance H2 oxidation but inhibit CO oxidation.
Research has shown that MOFs can enhance electrocatalytic performance by regulating the energy of reaction intermediates and adsorption strength. Strategies to design stable and conductive MOFs are crucial for commercialization.
Recent development in identification of oligomeric products from lignin depolymerization reveals understanding of formation causes and potential valorization routes. Common targeted products include monomeric phenols, aromatics, and cycloalkanes.
Researchers boosted multi-hole water oxidation catalysis on hematite photoanodes using UV excitation, increasing surface holes and improving PEC activity by one order of magnitude.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a sustainable method for producing butadiene, a key component of synthetic rubber, using the Lebedev process and modernized catalysts. The new approach eliminates the need for fossil reserves and reduces environmental impact.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a simple sol-gel method to synthesize highly pure bifunctional solid acid-base catalysts with desirable properties. The new method produces SrTiO3 nanoparticles with high surface area, showing 10 times higher catalytic activity than commercially available titanates.
Chemists at Colorado State University have created a synthetic PHA platform that addresses the limitations of existing biodegradable plastics. The new design enhances thermal stability, mechanical toughness, and enables closed-loop chemical recycling.
Vienna University of Technology researchers have developed MOCHAs, organometallic chalcogenolate compounds that facilitate the conversion of CO2 into synthesis gas. This process can be carried out at room temperature and requires less energy than previous methods, making it a promising solution for climate protection.
Recent advances in catalytic methane oxidation via thermocatalysis and photocatalysis demonstrate promising results for environmental remediation. The development of efficient catalysts, improved reactor designs, and fundamental studies on surface chemistry are key findings.
Researchers at Binghamton University and Brookhaven Lab used advanced spectroscopy techniques to study the effects of peroxides on copper oxide surfaces. They found that peroxides significantly enhanced CuO reducibility in favor of H2 oxidation, while acting as an inhibitor to suppress CO oxidation.
Researchers found that single-atomic state of Pd enhances CO2 reduction and boosts CH4 production in a novel Pd/CN-SA catalyst. Comprehensive analysis reveals superior activation of CO2, negative conduction band potentials, and excellent hydrogen utilization efficiency.
Researchers from Japan have synthesized two di-superatomic molecules composed of Ag and evaluated the factors involved in their formation. The study found that a twist between the two icosahedral structures stabilizes the nanocluster by shortening the distance between them. Additionally, the presence of Pd and Pt central atoms was foun...
Researchers at UW-Madison developed a model of how catalytic reactions work at the atomic scale, potentially allowing for more efficient catalysts and enormous energy savings. The new framework challenges established assumptions about catalysis, its relevance to non-metal catalysts, corrosion, and tribology.
A novel Cu-based catalyst with improved catalytic performance for CO2 reduction has been developed by leveraging strong metal-support interactions and defect sites cooperativity. The DFNS/TiO2-Cu catalyst showed excellent activity and stability, outperforming other copper-based thermal catalysts.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) have identified seven types of zirconium metal clusters found in MOFs and fourteen potential new metal building blocks. This discovery provides a crucial clue to accelerate the development of carbon-neutral porous materials.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a novel visible light-driven single transition metal catalyst that combines high light harvesting abilities and broad applicability. The SFI-Rh(I) complexes overcome previous limitations, enabling versatile photocatalytic reactions with increased stability.
Scientists have developed a new catalyst that enables the production of ammonia at lower temperatures, reducing energy consumption and potentially lowering global carbon emissions. The BaH2–BaO/Fe/CaH2 catalyst facilitates nitrogen gas adsorption, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity for ammonia production.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have produced the first atomic-level structure of an enzyme that selectively breaks carbon-hydrogen bonds, suggesting ways to engineer it for producing desired products. The detailed structure reveals how the enzyme operates under ordinary conditions and produces few unwanted byproducts.
Scientists at US national laboratories are developing new chemical recycling methods to make sustainable, high-quality plastic materials. They aim to transform plastic waste into valuable chemicals and reduce plastic pollution, paving the way for a circular economy.
Scientists designed a synthetic molecule that mimics the hydrogen gas-producing chemical reaction performed by nickel-iron hydrogenase enzyme. The new compound efficiently produces hydrogen using earth-abundant metals, potentially replacing platinum metal in industrial electrolysis.
Researchers have developed a practical method to generate green hydrogen using natural enzymes, which contain only earth-abundant elements. The new approach enables the efficient production of green hydrogen from sunlight, making it a promising solution for decarbonizing transportation and industries.
A new photocatalyst, COF-TpHt, is designed to improve the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide production. It exhibits a high production rate and apparent quantum efficiency under visible-light irradiation, outperforming other organic and inorganic counterparts.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics have developed a new method to synthesize higher alcohols from syngas using synergistic iron carbide catalysts. The catalysts achieve a high oxygenate selectivity and produce a significant amount of higher alcohols, making this process a promising alternative for sustainable production.
A team of researchers used a genetic algorithm to discover an organic catalyst for the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction, which outperformed traditional catalysts. The computational method suggested new molecular structures that were not present in the initial population, leading to a novel discovery.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a new catalyst that converts plastic and biomass into organosilane compounds. The hybrid gold nanoparticle catalyst on zirconium oxide support enables mild conditions for the reaction, reducing environmental burden.
A team of researchers at KAUST has developed a biological method to produce size-controlled palladium nanoclusters anchored on the surface of Geobacter sulfurreducens, outperforming benchmark catalysts in water-splitting reactions. This eco-friendly approach could provide a sustainable solution for high-performance catalysis.
A new method developed by scientists at Argonne National Laboratory and Cornell University converts used HDPE into a fully recyclable and potentially biodegradable material. The approach uses catalysts to break polymer chains, making the material easier to decompose.
Researchers developed an acid-based electrochemical process to convert CO2 captured from emission sources or air into multicarbon products such as ethylene and ethanol. The new method improves energy efficiency by twofold compared to previous benchmarks.
Researchers have developed a new approach to correlative atomic force microscopy, allowing for the simultaneous measurement of electrocatalyst properties. This study focuses on nanostructured copper-gold electrocatalysts and provides insights into catalyst-electrolyte interfaces, enabling targeted optimization.
Scientists studied F1-ATPase function in bacteria to clarify the angle of rotation during ATP hydrolysis. The study revealed three sets of short and long dwells associated with different intervals per revolution, resolving a long-term debate over the ATP-cleavage shaft angle.
Researchers from Northwestern University discuss the multifaceted tumorigenic functions of EZH2, including its role in regulating translation and coactivating transcription. This new understanding may provide novel insights into advancing EZH2-targeting strategies for prostate cancer patients.
The study found that the lattice strains and ligand effects of core-shell catalysts optimize geometric and electronic properties, leading to increased catalyst activity. The dual size effect of core-shell particles modulates the lattice strains and enhances BzOH adsorption.
Researchers at TU Wien have detected clear indications of chaos in chemical reactions on nanometer-scale rhodium crystals, a phenomenon previously unseen in atomic scale systems. The coupling behavior can be controlled by changing the hydrogen concentration, leading to a transition from ordered to chaotic behavior.
Researchers have developed a novel process that converts plastic waste into liquid gasoline-like fuel at low temperatures, eliminating unwanted byproducts. The innovative method uses alkylation catalysts and combines cracking and reaction steps in a single vessel, making it more efficient and cost-effective.
A new zirconia-based catalyst can break down polyolefin plastics into new, useful products, reducing plastic waste and recovering value. The catalyst is made of earth-abundant materials and demonstrates high selectivity and activity.
Researchers have developed a method to transform lignin, a biopolymer found in biomass, into chemically recyclable plastics using light. This breakthrough could advance the circular plastic economy by producing next-generation materials with reduced waste.
Researchers developed a new catalyst that transforms hydrocarbons into higher-value chemicals, making materials easier to recycle and biodegrade. The catalyst introduces functional groups into aliphatic hydrocarbons, affecting their properties and making them recyclable.
A research team at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics reveals the synergistic interplay mechanism of dual active sites on bimetallic oxide for efficient syngas conversion. They identified key intermediates and proposed a catalytic mechanism using advanced solid-state NMR technologies.
A novel method has been developed to produce platinum-based alloy nanoparticles for efficient hydrogen fuel cells. The nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced power performance and stability, with high specific rated power of 5.9 kW/g Pt, surpassing 2025 targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy.
A team of scientists developed a simplified and efficient method for artificial production of terpenes, using fluorinated alcohol catalyst solutions. This approach allows targeted production of natural substances from simple starting materials, offering potential applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a method to produce hydrogen directly from seawater, skipping the need for desalination and reducing carbon emissions. The new approach uses a special catalyst that can be manufactured cost-effectively and has promise to significantly reduce the cost of electrolysers.
The EnzymeML format provides a standardized way to record enzymatic experiment results, including conditions, data, kinetic models, and parameters. This enables seamless communication between experimental platforms and promotes reproducibility and trust in scientific results.
Researchers developed a novel method to convert CO2 into formic acid using ruthenium complexes, achieving a high turnover number of 63. This technology has the potential to decrease global warming and provide valuable organic compounds.