Articles tagged with Chemical Separation
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A Korean research team developed a membrane distillation pretreatment process that adds magnesium to inhibit the fouling of membranes in desalination processes. The addition of magnesium inhibits the formation of calcium-based crystals on the membrane surface, preventing fouling and wetting.
Researchers from CSU have discovered that conventional hydrophobic membranes create a larger liquid-vapor interfacial area, increasing evaporation and efficiency. This tradeoff between hydrophobic vs. omniphobic membranes offers new information into why certain membrane designs work better than others in membrane distillation.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new type of membrane that can separate chemicals without using heat or energy-intensive distillation processes. The hybrid membrane, infused with metal oxide networks, improves chemical separation capabilities and withstands harsh solvents for several months.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering have developed a new method to treat hydrofracturing wastewater by leveraging waste heat from drilling sites. The membrane distillation technology reduces the need for fresh water and produces high-quality water suitable for agriculture, industry, and other uses.
A new desalination system uses solar energy to turn salt water into freshwater, promising a cost-effective and sustainable solution for global water scarcity. The technology combines membrane distillation with light-harvesting nanophotonics to efficiently generate steam from sunlight.
Researchers developed a technique called entanglement distillation to enhance quantum entanglement, confirming its effectiveness across two meters. The approach accounts for interactions between particles and environment, enhancing the connection by iterating on raw states.
A team of engineers at UCR has created a self-heating carbon nanotube-based membrane that can recover nearly 100% of the water from highly concentrated salt solutions, alleviating water shortages in arid regions. The new system also prevents degradation of the carbon nanotubes in saline environments.
Two researchers from Georgia Institute of Technology suggest seven energy-intensive separation processes for low-energy purification technologies. These alternative processes could reduce energy use by $4 billion per year in the US, lower carbon dioxide emissions by 100 million tons, and open up new ways to obtain critical resources.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are exploring a new method to treat high-saline water from hydrofracturing and other processes by utilizing waste heat from thermoelectric plants. The goal is to develop a cost-effective technology that can recover clean water and reduce waste disposal costs.
Researchers have developed a microfluidic technique to fabricate molecular sieving membranes inside hollow polymer fibers, offering a potential solution to large-scale energy-intensive chemical separations. The new process could cut costs and reduce carbon dioxide emissions in industries such as petrochemicals.
Researchers have successfully detected element 117, a key find in the quest for the 'island of stability', with half-lives of about one hour and 11 hours. The observation marks an important milestone in superheavy element research, demonstrating reliable identification methods.
A team of researchers has found that residual distillation water from certain plant species can increase the yields and essential oil content of peppermint and spearmint crops. The study suggests using wastewater as a foliar spray can boost biomass production, with increased essential oil content observed in some cases.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno have devised a new solar pond distillation system that uses patented membrane distillation and renewable energy to produce freshwater. The system has shown high success in lab experiments and is expected to provide a sustainable solution for terminus lakes around the world.
A new method developed at Purdue University has shown that 70 of the rearranged distillation sequences can improve energy efficiency by 6-48 percent. This could save millions of dollars in energy costs annually for oil refineries, with potential savings reaching $12 million per year.
A team of researchers at the University of Minnesota has developed a new, energy-efficient method for chemical separations using zeolite membranes. This breakthrough could significantly reduce the energy used in producing biofuels, such as ethanol and butanol, and enable higher production rates.
Researchers developed a rapid heating treatment called Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) to remove structural defects in zeolite membranes, improving their performance and separation efficiency. This breakthrough could significantly increase the energy efficiency of chemical separations and enable higher production rates.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed a new method to accelerate stability testing of biodiesel fuel made from soybeans. The 'advanced distillation curve' method identifies additives that enhance stability at high temperatures, which can cause biodiesel to break down.
Chemists at NIST have developed the first detailed chemical analysis of crude oil made from pig manure, revealing that it contains over 83 major compounds and requires significant refining to produce viable fuel. The study shows that the oil's high water content and presence of heavy metals make it unfavorable for use in vehicles.
NIST researchers have developed a more accurate method for measuring distillation curves, which are crucial for characterizing fuel composition and performance. The new approach eliminates uncertainties and systematic errors, enabling better correlation with thermodynamic theory used in modern fuels and engines.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a nanofabricated device that can separate DNA fragments by length in as little as 15-30 minutes, compared to the traditional method which takes 12-24 hours. The device uses alternating deep and shallow sections to propel DNA strands through it, allowing for faster separation and analysis.
Researchers have created a new liquid-phase protein separation technology that can help scientists solve the proteomics puzzle. The system eliminates time-consuming 2-D gel electrophoresis and can detect trace amounts of protein, providing valuable insights into cancer research and other areas of science.
E. Philip Horwitz developed resins that selectively remove radioisotopes from complex mixtures, improving monitoring of workers' exposure and ingestion of radioisotopes. His technology processes about 350,000 samples per year worldwide, with potential applications in countries monitoring Chernobyl effects.
Researchers have developed a new membrane-based system that can separate proteins from impurities in a single step, potentially reducing production costs and increasing efficiency. The technology, known as the 'salt cloud' concept, exploits the natural charge on proteins to improve separation rates.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics found that molecular clusters break up into positively and negatively charged fragments upon impact with any solid surface. They propose that neutral alkali atoms play a key role in charge separation, leading to the formation of separate ionic fragments.
A new method for isotope separation has been developed by Dr. Ilya Averbukh, combining the advantages of mechanical separation with laser techniques. The technique uses wavepackets to distinguish between different isotopes, allowing for fast and effective separation in industries such as chemical and pharmaceutical research.