Articles tagged with Magnesium
KAUST researchers created a more efficient solar-cell module by redesigning its optical design, reducing power conversion efficiency loss in real-world applications. The new module achieved an efficiency increase from 25.7% to 26.2% due to refractive-index engineering.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science create a metal–organic framework-based magnesium ion conductor showing superionic conductivity at room temperature, overcoming the limitations of magnesium ion-based energy devices. The novel Mg2+ electrolyte exhibits a high conductivity of 10−3 S cm−1, making it suitable for battery applica...
Inserting magnesium fluoride between perovskite and electron-transport layers reduces charge recombination and enhances performance, leading to a 50 millivolt increase in open-current voltage and a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 29.3 percent.
A new study explores a novel magnesium battery compound with a cathode of Mg2MnO4, achieving an energy density of 335 Wh/kg and surpassing previous records. However, initial capacity loss in charging cycles is noted, highlighting the need for further research to recover lost capacity.
A recent study suggests that a chemical compound called magnesium hydrosilicate, stable at high pressures and temperatures, could have stored water deep within the Earth's mantle during its violent early days. This finding has significant implications for understanding the origin of water on Earth and potentially habitable exoplanets.
Researchers found that magnesium is essential for the functioning of T cells, which can eliminate abnormal or infected cells. Increasing local magnesium concentration in tumors strengthened the immune response against cancer cells.
Scientists have created the world's lightest version of magnesium, a record-setting isotope that helps refine theories on atomic structure. The unstable isotope was produced using particle accelerators and decays within tenths of a second, making it impossible to measure directly.
Researchers at Michigan State University's National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory have created the world's lightest version of magnesium, a highly unstable isotope that can help scientists better understand how atoms are made. This breakthrough is part of a larger effort to refine theories and models that explain the formation o...
A team of Korean researchers has successfully extracted high-quality magnesium sulphate, without calcium impurities, from seawater desalination brine using a novel ethanol-based process. The process achieved up to 67% magnesium recovery efficiency and has potential applications in the pharmaceutical and food industry.
Researchers developed smart wound dressings with fluorescent sensors that glow under UV light to alert patients of potential infections. The magnesium hydroxide nanosheets are non-toxic, scaleable, and up to 20 times cheaper than silver-based dressings.
Researcher Dr. Igor Ivanishin is investigating the impact of varying calcium contents on dolomite and calcite mineral stability, which can lead to improved well stimulation operations. His findings suggest that injected acids may unevenly dissolve rock in carbonate reservoirs, leaving some areas untouched.
A study by RUDN University found that magnesium-vitamin B6 supplementation can alleviate painful symptoms and improve quality of life for pregnant women and those with hormone-related conditions. The treatment reduced the risk of miscarriage, high blood pressure, and other associated health issues.
Researchers developed an immunomodulatory approach using custom-made polymer microspheres to deliver magnesium ions directly into compromised bone. This accelerated bone regeneration rates by encouraging the immune system and skeletal system to work in tandem.
New experiments show that water selectively leaches magnesium from typical rock minerals under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. This process could produce chemical gradients in the early history of water-rich sub-Neptune exo-planets, potentially preserving tracks of initial interactions between water and rocky material.
Researchers at FAU have discovered a new class of magnesium complexes in which the metal has a zero-oxidation state, forming elemental Mg in complex compounds. This discovery represents a landmark in the chemistry of magnesium and opens up new avenues for research into its unusual reactivity.
Scientists at NUST MISIS created new magnesium alloys that can reduce the weight of heat-removing elements in electric vehicles and consumer electronics by one third. The alloys offer high thermal conductivity and low cost, making them suitable for modern gadgets.
Researchers from NTNU and SINTEF have made a breakthrough in understanding the phenomenon of natural ageing, where certain alloy strengths increase over time. The team studied clusters formed by alloying elements using advanced microscopy techniques, discovering that these clusters affect metal strength.
A team of scientists has developed a protocol using magnesium nanoparticles and bulk to convert CO2 into methane, methanol, and hydrogen. The reaction occurs at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, producing significant amounts of fuel and chemicals with minimal energy input.
Researchers have identified CNNM4 protein as key regulator of magnesium in the liver and potential therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. High expression of CNNM4 protein is associated with inflammation and liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
A new X-ray study has resolved how lithium-rich cathode materials store charge at high voltages, revealing that oxygen ions facilitate the process rather than metal redox. This breakthrough enables the design of better strategies to improve cycling and performance for these materials, paving the way for more efficient electric vehicles.
A mutation in the gene KCTD1 leads to kidney defects that can cause metabolic bone disease. The study reveals KCTD1's critical role in regulating electrolyte balance in the distal nephron.
Researchers found that surface mechanical attrition treatment improves magnesium's corrosion resistance, making it suitable for biocompatible implants. The process reduces the rate of decomposition and increases the material's strength.
Scientists identified contact pairs of magnesium ions and phosphate groups as a structural element for stabilizing tRNA's tertiary structure. The presence of magnesium ions reduces the electrostatic energy and orient water molecules, contributing to the molecule's stability.
Researchers from the University of Houston and Toyota Research Institute of North America have developed a new magnesium battery capable of operating at room temperature, delivering power density comparable to lithium-ion batteries. The new cathode and electrolyte enable high-power battery performance previously considered impossible.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have discovered lactate, a metabolite elevated during exercise and diseases, acts as a signal to activate magnesium ions. This finding is expected to lead to the development of novel therapies for cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders like diabetes, and other conditions.
Researchers developed a rapid synthesis method for useful organic fluorine compounds, including gem-difluoroalkenes. This method uses triflones and Grignard reagents to produce the compounds efficiently and safely.
A McGill-led study unlocks the behavior of an enzyme involved in cancer cell spread, revealing a delicate interaction between PRL3 and magnesium transport proteins crucial to colorectal cancer growth. This finding calls into question long-standing hypotheses about PRL3's role in cancer spread.
Researchers have developed a magnesium alloy that can be used to treat tumors using a low-intensity magnetic field. The alloy, known as MgA, can rapidly heat up under the influence of an alternating magnetic field (AMF), resulting in effective tumor ablation.
Multivalent metal-ion batteries using magnesium, calcium, zinc, and aluminum show great promise but face steep challenges. Researchers provide a roadmap for future work, highlighting key strengths and common misconceptions.
Researchers find that manipulating magnesium intake can improve photosynthetic efficiency and growth in rice plants. By understanding the daily pattern of magnesium uptake, scientists may be able to develop new strategies for improving crop yields and addressing global food shortages.
A study by So Yoshikawa and Daisuke Matsunaka from Shinshu University elucidates the mechanism of non-basal slip systems in magnesium alloys, leading to improved ductility. The team used molecular dynamics simulations to analyze defect nucleation from I1-type stacking faults.
Researchers at MSU solved the long-standing enigma of the magnesium dimer's high-lying vibrational states using advanced computational methods. The team's findings, published in Science Advances, provide new insights into the molecule's behavior and pave the way for future experimental studies.
Researchers at QIBEBT discovered a copper ion that overcomes discharge product build-up issues in magnesium batteries. The Mg/Cu+ battery retained 80% of its capacity after 200 cycles, outperforming traditional lithium-ion batteries.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that a cellular pump restricts bacterial growth in host cells by causing magnesium shortage. This discovery provides new insights into the role of NRAMP1 transporter in combating intracellular pathogens.
Scientists at ETH Zurich have created a new family of bioresorbable magnesium alloys containing zinc and calcium, which can be resorbed by the human body. Analytical transmission electron microscopy revealed a previously unknown dealloying mechanism governing the dissolution of precipitates in the magnesium matrix.
A tiny biodegradable electronic circuit made from magnesium can release controlled amounts of painkillers over several days. The implant degrades safely inside the body after use.
Microrobots, made of magnesium and gold, are designed to deliver medication to specific spots inside the body. They use photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) to navigate to tumors and release their payload.
A world-first study has discovered a new technique to create stronger, lightweight magnesium alloys using atomic-resolution X-ray mapping. The finding significantly improves the structural integrity of automotive and aerospace industries by increasing the boundary pinning effect and strengthening the alloy.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science developed a novel rock salt for use in rechargeable magnesium batteries, offering promising results as a cathode material. The synthesized rock salt shows excellent potential for use as the positive electrode material.
Researchers found that magnesium chloride deicers can cause significant degradation of concrete strength and micro-hardness, even without visible signs of damage. The study's findings have important implications for transportation officials and the use of magnesium chloride as a winter road treatment.
A new theory by QUT geologist Professor Balz Kamber explains why diamonds formed as precious gemstones rather than graphite, contradicting a common belief. The study suggests the upper mantle was relatively cool, leading to diamond formation during the Archaean era.
Researchers have reproduced an exotic form of magnesium, magnesium-40, which has led to unexpected findings about its nuclear structure. The study suggests that Mg-40 may be football-shaped, with the added neutrons forming a halo nucleus, and this discovery challenges current theories.
A study discovered a group of massive stars with high iron dust and low metal content in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The stars have unique spectral properties, and their environment allows for the formation of large quantities of iron dust.
A team of researchers has discovered a previously unknown disease that causes children to suffer from epileptic seizures, loss of magnesium in urine, and reduced intelligence. The disease is linked to a mutation in the sodium-potassium pump's Alpha-1 form, affecting both kidneys and the brain.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a high-energy magnesium battery with up to 243 watt hours per kilogram, outperforming earlier models. The new design uses a chloride-free electrolyte and organic cathode, enabling stable performance and high energy storage capacity.
Researchers at University College London and the University of Illinois at Chicago have developed a new method for making magnesium chromium oxide materials that can reversibly store magnesium ions, a crucial feature for magnesium battery technology. This discovery could lead to more efficient and safer batteries with increased capacity.
Researchers analyzed magnesium stable isotopes in lunar rock samples, finding they match the Inner Solar System's bulk composition before fractionation occurred. The results suggest the initial Moon impact did not separate isotopes and instead indicate a lunar magma ocean that re-melted and affected later basalt formations.
A randomized trial by Vanderbilt University Medical Center researchers found that magnesium boosts vitamin D status in people with low levels and reduces it in those with high levels. The ideal level of vitamin D is believed to be within the middle range of a U-shape, linked to the lowest risk of cardiovascular disease.
A new study found that daily hazelnut consumption improved biomarkers of vitamin E status and magnesium levels in older adults. The research suggests a potential link between hazelnut consumption and reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.
Researchers replace essential magnesium ions in the translational system with iron and manganese, revealing its robustness under primordial conditions. The experiment's success corroborates the translational system's place at the earliest foundations of life on Earth.
Scientists at Vanderbilt University have developed a method to predict the outcomes of various additive combinations used to extract more oil from wells. By using quantum mechanical simulations and experimentation, they found that calcium, magnesium, and sulfates can enhance oil recovery by modifying the surface charge on calcite.
A Japanese collaboration has successfully tracked hydrogen movement in solids using negative muons, a technique that could aid the development of hydrogen storage materials. By detecting local nuclear magnetic fields, researchers were able to study the dynamics of light elements in a solid from the fixed point of the nucleus.
Researchers have developed a method to dramatically speed up the formation of magnesite, which can store carbon dioxide and potentially remove CO2 from the atmosphere. The process takes place at room temperature and uses polystyrene microspheres as a catalyst.
Researchers developed a gentle buffer exchange method to remove free ions, enabling DNA origami stability at low-magnesium levels. This breakthrough paves the way for various biomedical uses, including drug and enzyme delivery.
Rice University researchers have synthesized and isolated plasmonic magnesium nanoparticles that show promise with all the benefits of their gold and silver cousins. The particles proved to be unexpectedly robust and can concentrate light in nanoscale volumes, useful for chemical and biological sensors.
Scientists at NREL have discovered a method to enable the reversible chemistry of magnesium metal in noncorrosive carbonate-based electrolytes. The technology possesses potential advantages over lithium-ion batteries, including higher energy density, greater stability, and lower cost.
A study published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association found that low magnesium levels can make vitamin D ineffective for metabolization. Patients with optimal magnesium levels require less vitamin D supplementation to achieve sufficient levels.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a new type of magnesium-oxide cathode material that promises higher energy density, improved safety, and reduced costs compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. The breakthrough could enable more efficient and sustainable energy storage for renewable energy sources.
Researchers develop MARIO, a fluorescent probe that measures magnesium ion concentration, showing its critical role in chromosome condensation. The study provides a new mechanism for chromosome organization and may help understand diseases like cancer.
Research reveals California mussel shells are becoming disordered and less organized due to escalating ocean acidification, impacting their structural integrity. The study suggests this variation may offer the species a glimmer of hope through increased variability in individual traits, potentially aiding natural selection.