Articles tagged with Ros Production
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A novel nanozyme has been developed to prevent excess clotting in conditions like pulmonary thromboembolism and COVID-19. The nanozyme works by controlling reactive oxygen species levels, thereby preventing platelet over-activation and excess clot formation.
Researchers found that gasdermin D promotes atrial arrhythmogenesis by facilitating the formation of pores in cell membranes and releasing cytokines. A mitochondrial-targeted therapy approach may prevent AF triggering, positioning gasdermin D as a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers found that anthocyanin in wind-pollinated tree stigmas protects pollen germination and growth by scavenging reactive oxygen species. This adaptation helps protect exposed reproductive parts from sun damage.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University found that Ecklonia cava polyphenols can protect against neurodegeneration and improve motor function in Parkinson's disease model mice. The antioxidants activate the AMPK enzyme and inhibit reactive oxygen species production, reducing neuronal cell death.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have discovered that the tumor suppressor protein Par-4 can cause a unique type of cell death called ferroptosis in human glioblastoma cells, while sparing healthy cells. This new understanding has the potential to inform the development of novel treatments for various hard-to-treat cancers and neurodegener...
A new study found that low energy availability among female athletes impairs performance by up to 18% in short-term tests and increases systemic stress, compromising immune function. Athletes who restrict their food intake experience muscle loss and decreased physical performance.
Researchers found that single-atom iron catalysts can selectively produce specific reactive species, leading to more effective water purification. The study identified the relationships between the geometric and electronic structures of single atom Fe centers and ROS selectivity.
A review of mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy reveals disrupted dynamics and oxidative stress as key triggers. Targeted therapies, such as antioxidants and ketogenic diets, show promise in combating this debilitating condition.
A recent study by Tokyo University of Science researchers has uncovered the mechanisms by which plants regulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The findings, published in Physiologia Plantarum, reveal that ROS-generating enzymes are activated through two conserved mechanisms involving calcium ions and phosphorylation, ...
Researchers at the University of Córdoba designed a new plasma reactor that generates reactive species capable of degrading organic compounds and killing microorganisms in water. The new configuration expands the applicability of this type of plasmas, enabling efficient removal of high concentrations of dyes from water in minutes.
A new study from Indian Institute of Science finds that certain types of cancer cells respond well to IFN-γ activation, while others don't. The researchers suggest approaches to make non-responsive cancer cells better respond to immunotherapy by targeting their metabolism.
Researchers developed a ceria nanoparticle-immobilized mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle hybrid system to treat rheumatoid arthritis. This approach provides both immediate pain relief through ROS scavenging and long-term immune tolerance by delivering immunomodulatory cytokines.
A novel stress signalling system has been discovered by SMART researchers, enabling bacteria cells to adapt and survive against the immune system and certain antibiotics. The breakthrough discovery of RlmN as a stress sensor may lead to the development of new therapies to combat antimicrobial resistance.
A research team at Hokkaido University has developed a system to deliver antioxidants to mitochondria in the liver, reducing oxidative stress and damaging caused by ROS. The system, called CoQ10-MITO-Porter, was found to be more effective when downsized particles were used.
This study found that iron deficiency impairs neural differentiation, leading to reduced Pax6- and Sox2-positive neuronal precursor cells and Tuj1 fibers. Iron supplementation restores normal differentiation, suggesting ferrodifferentiation as a new therapeutic approach for neurological diseases.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University have made a breakthrough in understanding how macrophages recognize microplastics, discovering an interaction between aromatic rings that drives this process. The study suggests that while microplastics may not induce acute inflammation, chronic exposure could lead to autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have overturned the traditional view that oxygen derives from water splitting, instead finding that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced at mineral-water interfaces are a key source of oxygen. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and the habitability of early life.
The addition of antioxidants to cell cultures can improve the production of monoclonal antibodies by reducing oxidative stress and increasing cell viability. This has potential benefits for therapies targeting cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers found that SIRT6 maintains mitochondrial function through transcription regulation of mitochondrial genes. Without SIRT6, mitochondrial gene expression is down-regulated, leading to increased ROS production and impaired ATP generation, similar to changes observed in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that neonatal serum ketone body production determines the quantity and quality of primordial follicles, reducing ROS-induced apoptosis. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining ovarian capacity and preventing premature ovarian aging.
A study published in Cell Stem Cell found that mitochondrial dynamics regulate the dormant state of adult muscle stem cells, which are essential for tissue stability. The researchers discovered that the protein OPA1 regulates this process and its depletion leads to severe muscle stem cell defects.
A team from Osaka University developed a silicon-based agent that generates hydrogen when reacting with water, reducing inflammation and symptoms of ulcerative colitis in a mouse model. The study suggests the Si-based agent may be an effective treatment method for this disease.
Studies in rats have found that T-cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to preeclampsia complications. Researchers are exploring ways to dampen this response to reduce the risk of premature birth or worse outcomes for mother and child.
A new University of Copenhagen study reveals that well-functioning fat tissue is crucial for overall health and may help prevent diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, and obesity. High levels of lifelong exercise have been shown to improve mitochondrial function in fat cells, reducing oxidative stress and damage.
A study published in eLife suggests that repressing hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) may help reduce oxidative stress and tissue damage in diabetes. Researchers found that high glucose levels suppress HIF-1 activity, leading to increased reactive oxygen species production.
Scientists from Nagoya University investigate the formation of air channels in wetland plants, which help them survive floods and droughts. The study reveals that a phytohormone called auxin is required for normal root growth, and two factors lead to the induction of aerenchyma formation in response to flooding.
Researchers found that spontaneous transient depolarization decreases reactive oxygen species production by inhibiting sustained matrix pH elevation. The study proposes a model where increased matrix pH facilitates moving more protons from outside the matrix into the matrix, controlling oxidative stress in cells.
Researchers explore integrating reactive oxygen species generation and prodrug activation to enhance cancer therapy. Stimuli-responsive nanomedicines can target tumors, generating ROS that activate drug release, offering promising synergetic therapy strategies.
A study published in International Immunology found that a tropical ginger-derived compound, ACA, attenuates mitochondrial damage and reduces inflammation by blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This suggests ACA may be a promising therapeutic strategy for diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers at Osaka City University discover sesaminol protects against neuronal damage and increases dopamine levels in Parkinson's disease models. The study suggests sesaminol may be the first-ever medicine for Parkinson's disease, potentially derived from industrial waste.
A team of scientists found that sulfur metabolism plays a crucial role in the transition from single-celled to multicellular organisms. By manipulating sulfur levels, they were able to induce or prevent the formation of multicellular aggregates in the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. This discovery has significant implications for ...
Scientists at JAIST have created a photosynthetic bacteria-based cancer optotheranostics, using NIR light-driven PPSB as an effective theranostic material for deep tumor treatments. The approach offers high tumor specificity, non-pathogenicity, and multifunctional capabilities without genetic manipulations or chemical functionalizations.
Researchers at CNIC and IIS Princesa discover that sodium ions regulate mitochondrial function, increasing reactive oxygen species production in early stages of hypoxia. This finding could lead to new treatments for diseases related to hypoxia, such as stroke and heart attack.
A new developmental mechanism, interdigital cell death, shapes limbs through differential growth and ROS production. This mechanism is shared by all amniotes, including humans, and was triggered by high oxygen levels surrounding the embryo.
A study found that weak magnetic fields stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species in human cells, which can be beneficial or harmful. The protein cryptochrome is involved in this process, helping to explain the effects of PEMF-based therapies on diseases like depression and Parkinson's disease.
A novel compound, FA-M-β-CyD, induces mitophagy-mediated antitumor activity by targeting FR-α-expressing tumor cells. It increases mitochondrial transmembrane potential and ROS production, leading to cancer cell death. The compound shows promise as an anticancer drug with minimal side effects.
Researchers discovered the P700 oxidation system in plants to suppress reactive oxygen species production, allowing safe photosynthesis. The system starts functioning when excess light energy is present, serving as a warning marker for oxidative stress.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that doxorubicin accumulates in cardiomyocyte mitochondria, promoting ROS production and iron accumulation. Limiting mitochondrial iron transport with specific proteins or dexrazoxane may mitigate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute used sophisticated computer modeling and biotechnology to target ROS production in E. coli, rendering the bacteria more susceptible to existing antibiotics. The study provides a promising approach to boost the global antibiotic arsenal against deadly superbugs like tuberculosis.
Scientists at the University of Manchester have discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in tadpole tail regeneration, which could lead to new therapies for human tissue repair. The team found that manipulating ROS levels may be essential to initiate and sustain regeneration processes.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a new class of anti-inflammatory compounds that inhibit the Nox2 enzyme, which produces reactive oxygen species. This approach may be more effective than traditional antioxidants in treating conditions like stroke, heart failure, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists developed a unique compound that blocks inflammation-causing molecules in blood cells, fueling diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease. The compound, Phox-I, precisely targets an enzyme network, reducing ROS production without causing toxicity.
Researchers from UCR report that unless people reapply sunscreen often, filters in sunscreens can generate compounds that attack skin cells, leading to oxidative damage. To reduce ROS levels, more advanced sunscreens with UV-filters on the skin surface are needed or mixing with antioxidants.