Articles tagged with Salts
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A new method has been developed to determine the crystal structures of organic salts, significantly speeding up the development of medications. This breakthrough is expected to reduce the time and cost associated with screening organic salts, leading to a faster discovery of effective pharmaceutical ingredients.
A team of scientists discovered a gene that helps rice plants grow in salty soil. The gene, STRK1, increases the plant's tolerance to salt stress by reducing reactive oxygen species.
A 2-billion-year-old chunk of sea salt provides evidence for the transformation of Earth's atmosphere into an oxygenated environment. The study suggests that the Great Oxidation Event was a significant and rapid change in oxygen production, contrary to previous estimates.
A new study found that patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement experienced significant improvements in their quality of life, ranking their healthiest possible score at 72.9/100 just 30 days post-procedure. This improvement was sustained up to one year after the procedure.
A recent study published in Biological Conservation shows that eBird citizen science data accurately tracks trends in government bird surveys, filling data gaps in developing nations. The analysis, led by University of Utah researcher Joshua Horns, reveals significant declines for 48% of North American bird species over the past 20 years.
Researchers found that high school students preferred seasoned vegetables, except for sweet potatoes, and the seasonings were developed specifically with school dietary guidelines in mind. This simple recipe modification could result in more students eating vegetables and less food waste in schools.
The U CO2 sensor network, the only multisite urban CO2 network worldwide with over a decade of continuous measurements, shows that suburban sprawl significantly impacts metro area CO2 emissions. The network reveals that suburban expansion increases CO2 emissions more than similar population growth in urban areas.
A recent study by Syracuse University researchers examines the impact of de-icing salts on the Tioughnioga River watershed. The team found that surface-water chloride concentrations are expected to decrease in 20-30 years due to changes in climate and snowfall patterns.
Scientists at Shinshu University have discovered a way to curb the dangers of lithium ion batteries by adding magnesium salt, which prevents dendritic branching and improves electrochemical stability. The goal is to create high-capacity batteries with improved reversibility for widespread use in electric vehicles.
A new study at the University of Utah Health found that removing cost obstacles allows women to access more effective contraceptive methods. The HER Salt Lake Contraceptive Initiative made all forms of contraception available, and participants could change methods at any time in the study, free of charge.
Researchers at UMass Amherst and Stanford have discovered a new function of the receptor kinase FERONIA in Arabidopsis plants. The study shows that FERONIA acts as a sensor in the cell wall to maintain its integrity and protect against environmental assaults.
Scientists have discovered a novel method for filtering salt and metal ions from seawater using MOFs, which has significant potential for the water and mining industries. The technology could reduce energy consumption by up to 2-3 times compared to current methods.
Particle receiver CSP technology can nearly double molten salt temperatures, increasing efficiency and reducing costs. Researchers have tested a red sand approach that achieves high temperatures while minimizing energy loss.
A new mouse study suggests that a high-salt diet can impair blood flow in the brain, leading to cognitive dysfunction. The researchers found that changes in the gut caused by a high-salt diet led to reduced blood flow and dementia-like symptoms in mice.
A high-salt diet reduces resting blood flow to the brain and causes dementia in mice, according to a new study. The study found that mice fed a high-salt diet developed dementia even when blood pressure did not rise, suggesting a direct link between salt intake and cognitive impairment.
Two meteorites found to contain both liquid water and complex organic compounds like hydrocarbons and amino acids. The study suggests dwarf planet Ceres and asteroid Hebe may be sources of rich organic matter.
A new study finds significant increases in salinity and alkalinization of freshwater across the US and southern Canada, driven by road salt and fertilizer use. This growing problem threatens drinking water supplies and natural ecosystems, highlighting the need for better regulation of salty compounds.
Freshwater salinization syndrome caused by various salts is linked to increased alkalinization, posing risks to drinking water supplies and ecosystems. The study highlights the need for better regulation of these substances.
A new study finds that 37% of US drainage areas experienced significant increases in salinity and alkalization, with consequences for pipe stability and drinking water quality. Strategies like pre-wetting salt and monitoring aging pipes are recommended to mitigate effects on public health.
Researchers developed a method to trap phosphorus in holding ponds, reducing its release into waterways. Aluminum sulfate was found to be an effective and cost-friendly solution, with a 78-93% reduction in phosphorus levels.
A recent Australian discovery identified genes expressed in grapevine roots that limit sodium uptake, leading to more robust salt-tolerant rootstocks. This breakthrough allows for early screening of new genotypes at the seedling stage, supporting the local wine sector's sustainability.
A study published in Nature found that common salt reduces certain lactic acid bacteria in the gut of mice and humans, impacting immune cells responsible for autoimmune diseases and hypertension. Probiotics ameliorate disease symptoms in mice.
A new University of Washington study reveals that Don Juan Pond in Antarctica is fed by a regional deep groundwater system, not from moisture seeping down from local valley slopes. This finding has significant implications for understanding the formation of similar environments on Mars.
Researchers found that porous types of wood can greatly increase the efficiency of water-to-steam conversion under sunlight. The findings could be used in a simple and inexpensive biodegradable device for water purification.
A study found that exposure to environmental toxins can suppress the circadian clock in Daphnia plankton, leading to a loss of daily oscillations. This disruption has significant implications for human health, potentially linking environmental toxins to chronic inflammation and disorders like cancer, diabetes, and obesity.
A study found that people who can easily taste salt have differing amounts of salivary proteins than those who are less sensitive. This could lead to the development of more palatable low-sodium foods.
A new study found that Chinese adults who enjoyed spicy foods ate less salt and had lower blood pressure, suggesting a potential health benefit. The study linked spice preference to brain activity in regions involved in salty taste, supporting the idea that spices can reduce salt consumption.
A recent study found that nano-copper azole combinations cause significant harm to estuarine benthic communities. The research highlights the need for better understanding of nanomaterial stress on these ecosystems.
Scientists at the University of Waterloo have created a new type of supercapacitor that can store significantly more electrical energy than existing devices. This breakthrough enables faster charging times for cellphones and laptops, and potentially replaces batteries in electric vehicles and other applications.
Scientists warn that saline lakes globally are in peril due to excessive water withdrawals and climate change, threatening wildlife habitats, industries, and human health. The Great Salt Lake has declined by approximately 11 feet and lost nearly 50% of its area over the last 160 years.
Engineers at the University of Illinois have made a breakthrough in developing a saltwater desalination process that is potentially cheaper than reverse osmosis. The new technology uses a battery-like device to remove salts from brackish water, opening up possibilities for inland and industrial sources. Further research is needed to de...
Research suggests that ketone salts enhance fat burning but inhibit high-intensity exercise performance. The study found that power output decreased by seven percent when participants consumed ketone salts during a cycling time trial. The long-term impacts of artificially increasing blood ketone levels are unknown.
Researchers have discovered that quinoa plants can absorb and store salt in bladder cells, allowing them to thrive on saline soils. This unique adaptation enables the plant to recycle energy from sugar molecules to neutralize toxic salt.
A 38-year-old man suffered serious liver damage after using Epsom salts to treat gallstones. He was advised to stop taking the salts and drink plenty of fluids after rapid worsening of fibrosis prompted by excessive salt intake.
Researchers at NREL are developing nickel-based coatings to mitigate corrosion levels in CSP plants, which could improve system efficiency and extend lifespan. The coatings have shown a 96% reduction in corrosion rate compared to uncoated steel, with potential applications in thermal storage and heat-transfer fluid.
Researchers at Texas A&M AgriLife Research have discovered a long non-coding RNA that increases thale cress plants' resistance to drought and salt stress. Increasing the lncRNA's levels shows corresponding increases in drought and salt tolerance.
The study reveals how arrangement of atoms creates forces that pull crystals together and align them. Researchers found that manipulating attraction through ion type, concentration, and temperature can control crystallization.
A new study confirms an association between sodium intake and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a 65% increase in risk for each extra gram consumed per day. The effect is even greater for Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA), with a 82% rise in risk.
Researchers develop eco-friendly leather processing method using molten salts to remove hair and open fibers, reducing pollution output and treatment time. The new process eliminates the use of harsh chemicals like lime and sodium sulfide.
Researchers from Northeastern University have discovered that tiny carbon nanotubes can efficiently remove salt from seawater, offering a potential solution to global water scarcity. The novel system outperforms existing methods, with the potential to increase accessible drinking water from 0.007 percent to a higher percentage.
A new study published in the European Society of Cardiology found that high salt intake is associated with a doubled risk of heart failure. The study, which followed over 4,000 participants for 12 years, estimated individual salt intake using a 24-hour sodium extraction method.
Lawrence Livermore scientists developed carbon nanotube pores that can exclude salt from seawater, exceeding water permeability of wider CNTs by an order of magnitude. The super smooth inner surface and tiny pore size enable efficient transport of water while blocking larger salt ions.
Researchers used a portable macro X-ray fluorescence instrument to analyze an ancient Roman painting, revealing elements such as iron-based pigment and green earth pigment used in the underpainting. The study could help conservators restore the image and preserve ancient artistry for future generations.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London secured £8.6m in grants to develop and implement salt reduction programs in China, aiming to prevent thousands of deaths from stroke and heart disease. A new Global Health Research Group will focus on improving mental health interventions in low-income countries.
Excess gut calcium plays a crucial role in triggering the germination of Clostridium difficile (C. diff) spores, according to new research published in PLoS Pathogens. This discovery may lead to better treatment for vulnerable patients and help slow or stop the transmission cycle of C. diff infections.
A study by Complutense University of Madrid found that 85% of Spanish schoolchildren eat too much salt, with an average daily intake of 7.8g. The experts recommend reducing salt intake from young age, particularly from processed foods like cured meats and bread.
Researchers from AWI demonstrated how the Arctic Ocean transformed into a saline body after the land bridge between Greenland and Scotland submerged, enabling Atlantic circulation. The study found that changes occurred when the ocean passage reached a depth of over 50 meters below the surface mixed layer.
Researchers discovered that cane toads increase active re-uptake of salts and transport proteins to maintain internal salt levels when shedding their skin. This adaptation helps them regulate water and salt balances, which is crucial for their survival.
A team of engineers at UCR has created a self-heating carbon nanotube-based membrane that can recover nearly 100% of the water from highly concentrated salt solutions, alleviating water shortages in arid regions. The new system also prevents degradation of the carbon nanotubes in saline environments.
A Drexel University team developed a new concrete mix using fly ash, slag, and silica fume to resist chemical erosion from road salt. The research found that these supplementary cement materials can be substituted into the mix with better results when exposed to calcium chloride deicing salt.
A new study found that nearly one out of ten participants who reported no 'bath salt' use as per the gate question then reported actual use of these substances. The researchers suggest that providing participants with the actual list of drugs initially may be associated with more accurate answers.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a low-cost water treatment system that uses carbon dioxide to remove particles from dirty water. The system splits the water stream and filters out suspended particles based on their electrical charge, making it an effective method for cleaning water from ponds or rivers.
A study found long-term off-label quinine use for muscle cramps increases the risk of death, with a higher risk observed in those under 50 years old. The risk is also dose-dependent, with exposure to 200mg/d or higher increasing mortality rates.
A diet high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains, but low in salt, sugary drinks, and red meat, is associated with a lower risk of gout. The DASH diet has been found to reduce blood pressure and uric acid levels, suggesting it may also lower gout risk.
A study found that restaurant foods and commercially processed foods contributed to 70% of dietary sodium intake, with an average daily consumption of over 3,500mg. Reducing sodium in these foods is crucial to lowering blood pressure and preventing heart disease.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has been awarded a five-year, $11.2 million Program Project Grant to study the renal control of sodium and salt balance. The research aims to understand how the body regulates salt intake and its impact on blood pressure regulation.
Researchers at Western University developed a simple blood test to identify physiological changes causing resistant hypertension, leading to improved treatment outcomes. The study found that patients treated with the test had 50% controlled blood pressure after one year, compared to 11.1% in those receiving usual treatment.
Researchers found that the closure of Union Pacific railway culverts led to a 88% decrease in methylmercury levels in the lake's deep brine layer and sediments. However, waterfowl carcasses showed no significant change in mercury levels, indicating that the source of methylmercury in wetlands remains unknown.
A new study shows that a high-salt diet can lead to increased hunger and muscle wasting, while also conserving water and producing more urea. This unexpected finding has significant implications for the prevention of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
Researchers found that consuming more salt led to reduced water intake and conserved body water by triggering a mechanism in the kidneys. The study suggests that urea plays a crucial role in maintaining proper water balance and challenges previous assumptions about its function.