Articles tagged with Salts
Scientists discovered the gut has a built-in salt sensor that reports to the brain, regulating thirst. The gastrointestinal tract measures salt concentration and relays this info directly to the brain, enabling precise measurement of fluid osmolarity.
Researchers evaluated diverse carrot germplasm for salinity tolerance and identified a wide range of phenotypic variations. The study found that many cultivated carrots are saline-sensitive during germination but some wild and cultivated accessions exhibit high salt tolerance.
Researchers compared two water testing methods to ensure safe irrigation water for leafy greens, finding excellent results when samples were clean. However, discrepancies arose when environmental factors like sediments and salts were introduced, highlighting the need for a user-friendly guide to ensure consistent accuracy.
Researchers discovered that C. elegans neurons fire action potentials, a more digital type of signaling, rather than analog signals previously thought. This finding opens doors to improved neural mapping and insights into how complicated brains operate.
A study from Binghamton University highlights the importance of considering cold-temperature variability when evaluating climate change impacts. Researchers found that cold temperatures make amphibians more susceptible to road salt but less prone to parasites.
Researchers found elevated salt concentrations in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis, which can lead to Th2 cell activation and increased production of IL-4 and IL-13. The study suggests a link between salt intake and the occurrence of atopic dermatitis.
Excessive road salt application has led to increased chloride levels in streams and rivers, posing health risks and disrupting ecosystems. Implementing brine solutions and snow plows can reduce salt use by up to 70%.
A new study argues that recent magmatic activity must have occurred underneath the surface of Mars for liquid water to exist beneath the kilometer-and-a-half thick ice cap. The research suggests that volcanic activity in the planet's subsurface could be providing heat to generate liquid water today.
A University of Oklahoma study found that insects not only crave salt but also search for it in their habitats. The researchers discovered that insects from 'bland to salty' grasslands were attracted to plots with simulated cow urine, indicating a preference for sodium.
The laboratory developed a high-resolution map of Arctic vegetation using machine learning methods and satellite imagery. They also created a model to predict home-to-work commuting patterns in East Tennessee, leveraging machine learning to overcome traditional limitations.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory engineered hollow metallic nanoscale boxes, or 'nanowrappers,' to carry and release DNA-coated nanoparticles in a controlled way. The researchers demonstrated the ability to load and unload materials using these nanostructures for various applications.
A high-resolution ocean current model reveals significant connectivity between mangrove regions, including trans-Pacific dispersal via archipelagos. The study also highlights the importance of viable propagule time in determining effective dispersal distance.
A University of Utah study found that a single dust storm in 2017 accelerated snowmelt in the Wasatch Mountains by 25 percent. Dust deposition was linked to declining water levels in the Great Salt Lake, which may lead to more frequent and severe snowmelt events.
Researchers have developed a new method to non-destructively measure the salt content of concrete structures using a compact neutron source. This allows for efficient inspections without damaging the structure, which is crucial for aging infrastructure such as bridges and tunnels.
A new study in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that nearly 20% of cardiovascular disease deaths in Shandong province could be attributed to high sodium intake. Reducing salt consumption is estimated to prevent up to 8,800 deaths from cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that females have a higher risk of salt-sensitive hypertension due to impaired blood vessel relaxation. A low-salt diet and drug treatment restored healthier blood pressure and endothelial function in female mice.
Salinization affects biodiversity and water ecosystem functioning directly, but more baseline information is needed to predict its effects. The main causes of salinization in Spain include mining, agriculture, and regime changes in precipitations.
A high salt diet may increase the risk of developing heart arrhythmia, according to a new study published in Annals of Medicine. Researchers followed 716 middle-aged men and women for 19 years, finding that those who consumed the highest levels of salt had a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation.
Research shows that salt-adapted zooplankton grow 65% slower than regular zooplankton, triggering algal blooms in polluted environments. Salt tolerance comes with a cost, including slower growth and reduced ability to control algal blooms.
Researchers developed porous composites based on SiC/AIN with up to 40% aluminum nitride, exceeding traditional materials due to solid solution formation at grain boundaries. These composites improve thermal conductivity, heat resistance, and low coefficient of thermal expansion.
A new study by UMD researchers found that saltier waterways are creating 'chemical cocktails' that release toxic metals and pollutants from streambeds. These cocktails can have devastating effects on drinking water supplies and ecosystems, similar to the 2014 Flint water crisis.
Research reveals that the Nax channel in circumventricular organs detects increases in body fluids' sodium levels, triggering sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure elevations. The study identifies acid-sensing ion channel 1a as a key mediator of this process, opening new avenues for treating salt-sensitive hypertension.
Researchers at Penn State will investigate a new approach for removing rare-earth fission products from molten salt baths using liquid metals. The goal is to increase the recovery efficiency of rare-earth elements and minimize nuclear waste.
A South American tribe living in near-total isolation shows no increase in average blood pressure from age one to age 60, contrasting with a nearby tribe exposed to Western dietary influences. The findings support the idea that exposure to Western diet and lifestyle may contribute to age-related blood pressure rise.
Researchers found that a specific mark on RNA molecules protects them from degradation under stressful conditions, enabling plants to more effectively respond to drought and salt stress. This mechanism could be manipulated to develop more resilient crop varieties.
A study found that beet juice deicer causes fluid retention and alters organ function in mayflies, despite being considered a natural alternative to road salt. The researchers suggest that more research is needed to determine the combination of factors causing problems.
Researchers created DNA-based dendrimers that form rigid nanocages with controlled voids, preventing back-folding and maintaining structure even in high-salt concentrations. These nanocages show promise as functional carriers for medicine and material engineering applications.
Researchers discovered that silencing Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) repressed HBV replication, while an FXR agonist reduced viral activity in mice. The study also found a link between immature bile salt pathway and chronic infection risk in newborns.
The study reveals that the islanders used coastal groundwater discharge as their main source of drinkable water, making it possible for humans to collect freshwater directly at the coast. This finding is crucial in understanding how the island's large population was sustained.
Scientists at Sechenov University developed an eco-friendly way to obtain highly active catalysts using supercritical CO2. The new method produced metal-polymeric catalysts with high activity in hydrogenation reactions, offering a safer and cheaper alternative to traditional organic solvents.
The study found that a majority of ancient Maya chert stone tools showed wear patterns consistent with fish preparation, indicating preserved fish was an important component of their trade economy. The researchers estimated that each salt kitchen could provide dietary salt for up to 3,444 people per day if used for fish preservation.
The ancient Maya produced salt in large quantities, salting fish and meat to meet dietary needs, and traded it as a commodity. This discovery substantiates the model of regional production and distribution of salt for the Classic Maya.
Engineers at UC San Diego create a super-hydrophobic surface that produces at least 50 millivolts when salt water flows over it, enabling new power sources for lab-on-a-chip platforms and microfluidics devices.
A Rutgers-led study reveals how green algae adapted to tolerate hostile conditions by stealing genes from bacteria, providing clues for engineering more resilient algae. The findings suggest that these hardy species can survive climate change and offer potential solutions for biofuel production and other applications.
Scientists at Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a method to pin the edge of drying droplets, creating various geometric patterns. By adding microscopic latex particles to salt solution droplets, they can achieve controlled re-crystallization and form beautiful snowflake-like patterns.
Researchers have discovered the molecular mechanism behind quinoa's ability to store salt in its bladder cells, allowing it to thrive in saline soils. This unique adaptation enables quinoa to transfer excess salt to final storage sites without harming the plant.
Researchers at Virginia Tech developed a passive anti-frosting surface that keeps surfaces 90% dry and frost-free in humid, sub-freezing conditions. The surface uses intentional ice stripes to create low-pressure zones, pulling moisture from the air onto the nearest ice stripe.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new method for tracking brain chemicals, including neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. The system uses tiny artificial receptors paired with semiconductor devices that can function in living tissue.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers developed modified atmosphere insulation, a viable solution to improve building energy efficiency. Additionally, scientists created an open source software platform allowing quantum programs to run on multiple quantum computers, revolutionizing modern computing. The lab also made breakthroughs ...
A study of 200 Irish adults found that many struggle to understand food labels, particularly men and those at risk for cardiovascular disease. The survey revealed gaps in consumers' use and interpretation of nutritional information, highlighting the need for improved public education and enhanced labeling.
Research suggests that patients with high blood pressure are more likely to rely on medication rather than reducing their salt intake, leading to higher blood pressure levels and increased medication use. Salt restriction is recommended as a key strategy to manage hypertension, but many patients fail to adhere to guidelines.
A new study of over 90,000 people in 18 countries found that sodium consumption is not associated with increased health risks for most communities, except those with very high salt intake above 5g/day. Communities with high average levels of sodium intake were mostly seen in China.
A large international study found that individuals consuming average amounts of sodium (3-5g/day) do not face increased health risks. However, those exceeding five grams a day may experience cardiovascular events, and improving dietary quality with potassium-rich foods can mitigate this risk.
A study published in eLife found that deleting a single gene from a particular strain of gut bacteria causes changes in metabolism and reduced weight gain in mice. The researchers discovered that this genetic change altered the levels of certain bile acids, leading to a preference for metabolizing fats rather than carbohydrates.
Researchers at University of Nottingham develop rechargeable battery using salt that lasts longer and holds more power. The new battery design has the potential for grid-scale renewable energy storage and could also store solar heat.
Researchers developed a new assay to measure nucleation, the first step in prion transformation, allowing them to distinguish between proteins with prion behavior and those without. This approach may help understand prions associated with diseases as well as their role in normal biological processes.
A genetic marker associated with salt sensitivity in blood pressure has been discovered, which could lead to a simple diagnostic test. The finding is relevant given that nearly all US adults exceed the recommended daily salt intake and is linked to increased cardiovascular risk.
NIST researchers have simulated simple logic operations in a liquid medium by trapping ions in graphene, enabling potential applications in water filtration and sensor technology. The ion-trapping approach requires minimal material and can conform to custom shapes.
Researchers have developed self-assembled energetic coordination polymers based on multidentate pentazole cyclo-N5-, which exhibit high energy density and detonation performance. The polymers outperform existing materials like TNT, RDX, HMX, and CL-20.
Liu's research aims to develop a fundamental understanding of corrosion mechanisms in molten salts, guiding the selection of salts and containment materials for CSP systems. Her work will focus on developing innovative approaches to study molten salt properties and corrosion kinetics using state-of-the-art technologies.
A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that a web-based salt education program improved salt-related knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviors among children ages 7-10 years. The program reduced salt usage by 19% and improved children's ability to change their behaviors.
A team of researchers studied the narrow-footed Hygrotus diving beetle native only to central Wyoming, discovering its unique habitat in small streams with high salt concentrations. The study found that maintaining hydrologic integrity of prairie streams is vital for the conservation of this rare species.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers found that oil and gas wastewater can be effective at suppressing dust, but it also carries high salt, organic, and radioactivity concentrations. The team recommends using alternative materials or treatment to remove contaminants before using the wastewater.
Research found that oil and gas wastewater used as a dust suppressant on unpaved roads contains harmful pollutants, including salt, radioactivity, and toxic metals. These substances can be detrimental to human health and aquatic life, potentially contaminating nearby bodies of water.
Researchers created 3D hierarchically organised carbon structures using a supermolecular sponge and salt, enabling rapid charging and high capacities in Lithium-ion batteries. These nano-diatoms could also be used as electrocatalysts for hydrogen production.
A flexible and stretchable wireless sensing system was developed to measure sodium consumption in people with hypertension. The device is designed to be comfortably worn in the mouth and can report sodium intake to a smartphone or tablet.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a soft eel-like robot that can swim silently in salt water using artificial muscles filled with water. The robot's undulating swimming motion is generated by electrical charges that activate the muscles, allowing it to move without making any sound.
Researchers have created a new class of crystalline porous organic salts with exceptional proton conductivity, potentially revolutionizing fuel cell technology. The salts' unique structure and strong ionic bonds enable stable pore systems, making them highly efficient electrolytes for fuel cells.
Rice University scientists discovered that salt reduces the temperature at which elements interact in a chemical vapor deposition furnace, making it easier to form atom-thin layers. This process allows for the creation of novel materials with customized properties.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have identified a hormone imbalance as the underlying cause of treatment-resistant hypertension in around 10% of patients. The discovery highlights the potential benefits of spironolactone and amiloride in managing resistant hypertension.