A small ice-free oasis between sea ice-covered oceans and land ice sheets supported marine life for at least 5,000 years. This discovery sheds light on the vulnerability of Arctic ecosystems to rapid climate change.
A survey of 10th-graders in Los Angeles found that most who had ever used cannabis also used multiple types of the drug. Combustible, edible, and vaporized products were popular among adolescents, with many using multiple methods to administer the drug.
Physicist Boerge Hemmerling receives $1 million NSF grant to study nonlinear optical properties and novel quantum phases of polar molecules in optical lattices. The research aims to develop novel molecular materials with tunable parameters, enabling the control of complex quantum systems.
Salmonella bacteria produce proteins that mimic DNA and target specific immune response genes, leaving others untouched. This precise mechanism allows the bacteria to fine-tune the host's immune system.
The National Solar Observatory (NSO) has received a supplemental grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to enhance its scientific output and foster collaboration in the field of solar physics. The new funding will support the development of advanced data products, engage graduate students, and nurture international expertise.
Typhoon Trami displays symmetrical shape and large eye as it approaches Japan's southern islands. Maximum sustained winds reach near 90 knots, forecast to impact Okinawa Island and surrounding areas.
Researchers identified a cluster of genes responsible for producing the neurotoxin domoic acid in microscopic plants. The knowledge will allow scientists to track the development of bloom toxicity at the genetic level and predict toxin production before it occurs, helping to mitigate harm from algae blooms.
A long-term study reveals that microbes can remove up to 90% of emitted methane, but only after decades. The unique community on the Håkon Mosby mud volcano plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change.
Leukemia undercuts normal cells' ability to consume glucose, leading to a diabetic-like condition that favors cancer growth. Researchers have identified key strategies, including manipulating insulin production and gut bacteria, which can be targeted with low-tech therapies like serotonin supplementation.
Researchers analyzed data from the TBI Model System National Data and Statistical Center to identify physical, cognitive, and psychosocial characteristics associated with mortality in chronic TBI survivors. Independence in mobility and community participation were found to be important factors for long-term survival in this population.
A study by Yale physicians found that minority residents experience daily bias and microaggressions, as well as being asked to serve as 'ambassadors' for diversity. The researchers emphasize the need for proactive efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in residency programs.
A new study suggests that Medicaid expansions may have been protective against the rise in drug overdose deaths, with nearly 20% lower mortality rates in expansion states compared to non-expansion states.
Scientists at Vanderbilt University have developed a method to predict the outcomes of various additive combinations used to extract more oil from wells. By using quantum mechanical simulations and experimentation, they found that calcium, magnesium, and sulfates can enhance oil recovery by modifying the surface charge on calcite.
Scientists at Naval Postgraduate School discovered Coriolis effect influences even small ocean disturbances with high Rossby numbers, challenging fundamental fluid dynamics theories. The study found that planetary rotation determines the evolution of eddies in wakes as small as 10 meters.
A Rutgers-led study reveals how green algae adapted to tolerate hostile conditions by stealing genes from bacteria, providing clues for engineering more resilient algae. The findings suggest that these hardy species can survive climate change and offer potential solutions for biofuel production and other applications.
The University of Konstanz will lead a new research initiative to explore social cohesion from a cultural studies perspective. Researchers will investigate the role of socio-economic factors, mass media, and collective feelings in promoting social cohesion.
A team of researchers, led by Professor Davide Calebiro, will investigate the function of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) to develop new therapies for diseases like heart failure and diabetes. They will use innovative microscopy methods to directly visualize individual receptors in living cells.
Researchers at UCF developed a scientifically based method for creating Martian and asteroid soil simulants. The team published their findings in the journal Icarus and is now selling the simulant, which can be used for experiments on Earth.
New research identified a common way to define absenteeism and classified youth's attendance based on degree. Programs for youth with the highest rates of absenteeism were more successful than those for youth with fewer absences.
Researchers found that albuminuria, a marker of kidney damage, is associated with increased risk of developing moderate-to-severe COPD and declining lung function. The study suggests that endothelial damage in the lungs may play a key role in COPD development and progression.
Researchers will assess reactions to genomic test results, including the impact on views of normality, capacity, responsibility, treatability, and prognosis, in individuals with autism and their family members. The Center aims to explore the benefits and challenges of using genetic information in clinical and research settings.
A team at University of Tsukuba developed a tool to image atherosclerotic plaque development in mice, allowing for the evaluation of drugs and analysis of individual patient risk. The method involves expressing fluorescent protein in immune cells that congregate in plaque, enabling accurate measurement of plaque quantity and progression.
Scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a novel type of lignin, C-lignin, that can be refined into various bioproducts with high yields and minimal processing. This breakthrough has the potential to transform agricultural markets by utilizing a previously underutilized plant biomass.
Patients undergoing elective hip surgery may experience new health issues such as mental health disorders, chronic pain, and cardiovascular ailments up to two years after the procedure. The study found that these hidden complications can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life.
A team of researchers investigated influenza A's impact on lung-derived cell lines, discovering that the virus alters protein levels and locations. The study found that many proteins are relocalized, with viral and ribosomal proteins increasing in autophagosomes.
A study of 10th-graders in Los Angeles finds that most teens who have tried marijuana use it in multiple forms, including smokable, edible, and vaporized products. The research raises concerns about the health implications of cannabis use among adolescents amid a growing market with sleek packaging and health benefits claims.
Scientists at OIST have developed a method to fabricate low-cost high-efficiency perovskite solar cells, boasting an efficiency comparable to crystalline silicon cells. The technique uses a gas-solid reaction-based method to produce uniform panels with improved stability and production costs.
Researchers Colin Carlson and Christopher Trisos call for caution on climate engineering, citing the need for quantitative evidence and solid data. They hope to shed light on potential health consequences over the next two years, as climate change and geoengineering become increasingly intertwined.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to describe convective processes in two-layer systems, focusing on gravity and liquid layer thickness. The study aims to improve micro-sized cooling devices for satellites and life support systems.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that combining a novel compound called alisertib with chemotherapy had anti-tumor activity in children with high-risk, relapsed neuroblastoma. The treatment resulted in an objective response rate of 21% and one-year progression-free survival of 34%.
Hurricane Rosa's high water vapor content and cold cloud top temperatures indicate its potential for heavy rainfall, with the eye featuring a ring of storms around a 20 nautical mile-wide area. The storm is currently a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.
Tropical Cyclone Liua was severely impacted by strong westerly to northwesterly vertical wind shear, causing the storm to lose its structure. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued the final bulletin on Liua, which was centered near 12.0 degrees south latitude and 161.1 degrees east longitude.
Scientists introduce a new model of causality that moves away from a temporally linear relationship between cause and effect. This new approach defines causality independently from time and allows for mutual or two-way causation.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum have gained new insights into the structure of Bax, a protein responsible for programmed cell death. The team's work, published in Cell Death and Differentiation, sheds light on the dynamics of this protein.
A global study by over 100 researchers links climate change to the emergence of taller plant species in the Arctic and alpine tundra, where low-growing grasses and shrubs typically dominate. The study found that temperatures have risen significantly in these regions, leading to an increase in plant community height.
Tropical Storm Kirk brought intense rain to the Leeward Islands on September 28, with the heaviest downpours recorded near its center. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected hourly rainfall rates of up to 4 inches per hour, posing a risk of life-threatening flash floods and mudslides.
A new study provides insights into designing effective scientific advisory committees (SACs) to safeguard legitimacy of scientific advice. The research highlights key factors such as committee composition, chair, diversity, and stakeholder engagement that impact SAC effectiveness.
Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new, porous electrocatalyst that can split water molecules at a higher rate than current industry standards. The material, made from a mixture of metal compounds and perchloric acid, has shown improved stability in acidic environments.
A new grant aims to flip stereotypes about scientists by highlighting diverse scientists in middle and high school science lessons. The project, led by SF State and Foothill College, creates 'Scientist Spotlights' that teach important course concepts while promoting diversity and inclusion.
Researchers identified subtle epigenetic differences that explain why some ovarian cancer patients respond to PARPi drugs, while others do not. The study adds to a vital checklist for matching patients with the right therapy for their cancer.
A study found that infants' responsiveness to fearful faces at 7 months predicts altruistic behavior in toddlerhood. Additionally, brain responses in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are linked to this early precursor of prosocial behavior.
Researchers found that Amanita fungi lost genetic material to form a closer bond with plants, allowing them to thrive in forest ecosystems. The study suggests that symbiosis may be easier to develop than previously thought.
Researchers found that larvae without parental support evolved larger jaws to compensate for lack of help. This adaptation enables them to fend for themselves in case they receive no care.
At ASTRO's Annual Meeting, leading researchers will present their groundbreaking findings on clinical trials and radiation oncology research. The meeting features three news briefings highlighting advances in breast, lung, genitourinary, oral, and oligometastatic cancers.
A new study by Child Mind Institute researchers found that specially-designed wearables can quantify child vocalization features affected by SM, providing standardized measurements for diagnosis and treatment. The technology has the potential to advance SM research and aid clinicians in determining treatment efficacy.
Researchers developed switchable fluorescent proteins that can be controlled by green and orange light, enabling the study of dynamic processes in living cells without harming them. The proteins' efficient photoswitching allows for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, a method previously hampered by toxic irradiation.
Researchers found that vitamin B complex supplementation improved blood glucose regulation and kidney function in children with type-1 diabetes. The study suggests that simple supplementation may be a safe and cost-effective strategy for early protection of kidney function.
A new accelerated diagnostic protocol, HEART Pathway, is effective in identifying low-risk ED patients with acute chest pain who can be safely sent home without hospitalization or comprehensive cardiac testing. The study found a 6% reduction in hospitalizations and significant decreases in median length of stay and use of stress testing.
Researchers at the University of South Australia have developed nanoparticles from green mango peel that can break down toxins in oil sludge through chemical oxidation. These plant-based nanoparticles successfully decontaminate oil-polluted soil, providing a novel and effective treatment for oil-contaminated soils.
A new study explores the role of race/ethnicity in training experiences among minority resident physicians, revealing common scenarios including routine bias and lack of institutional support. The research highlights challenges faced by these physicians in balancing professional and personal identity.
Researchers at University of Michigan urge policymakers to prioritize planting more trees and conserving wild areas to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By protecting natural ecosystems, up to one-third of current carbon dioxide emissions could be sequestered, keeping carbon out of the atmosphere for decades.
Research suggests that crime is a powerful motivator for migrants to come to the US, despite understanding the risks of the journey. Those who have been victimized by crime multiple times are more likely to migrate.
A survey of 271 acne sufferers found that negative perceptions of social stigma are associated with higher psychological distress and physical symptoms. Females in the study reported greater impairment of life quality than males.
Scientists from GEOMAR and University of Malta are collaborating on a three-year project to develop a best practice guide for detecting, characterizing, and monitoring offshore aquifers. The goal is to assess the sustainability of using these aquifers as an alternative source of freshwater in coastal regions.
Moffitt researchers used a new technique to identify a previously unknown mechanism of midostaurin in lung cancer. Combining functional proteomics with deep network analysis led to the discovery of TBK1, PDPK1, and AURKA as protein targets for midostaurin, resulting in a more effective combination therapy.
A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association reveals that reproducing Scn5a missplicing in mice with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) recapitulates cardiac function defects present in patients. The findings highlight a non-mutational mechanism contributing to arrhythmias and open possibilities for novel interventions.
A Simon Fraser University study has found that steelhead trout age of migration, size, and numbers are controlled by a combination of temperature, co-occurring salmon, and other factors. In years with large pink salmon returns, steelhead migrated to sea at a younger age, producing more young fish from the river system.