A new NOAA report finds that 49 million adults participated in ocean and coastal recreation, spending $141 billion and supporting 3.1 million jobs. The Pacific region had the largest participation, with nearly 14 million participants spending over $39 billion.
A new study finds that individuals with a disease-associated mutation can have vastly different symptoms due to the total amount of rare mutations in their genome. The researchers discovered a correlation between the number of mutations and cognitive development, IQ scores, and head size.
Researchers have developed a digitally designed holographic optical element that can replicate the functions of bulky optics, enabling more people-friendly AR/VR devices. The approach overcomes a significant bottleneck in commercial success by incorporating collimating functions on the lens array itself.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased from 29.5% in August 2017 to 30.2% in August 2018, up 2.4%, reflecting a positive trend reversal after two down months.
Scientists at Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute have identified plasma lipid biomarkers that improve upon traditional risk factors in predicting heart disease and stroke. The new blood test will use up to ten lipid markers to better diagnose heart disease, reclassifying patient risk and guiding treatment.
For the first time, researchers have observed a powerful 'galactic wind' of molecules in a galaxy 12 billion light-years away, providing insights into how early galaxies regulated their growth. The wind was detected in a galaxy called SPT2319-55, which is more than 1 billion years old.
A new study reveals that hydropower relicensing often overlooks key issues, such as restoring natural river conditions without significant economic penalties. The research highlights opportunities to reduce negative impacts while considering the carbon-emissions cost of reduced hydropower.
International neurointerventional societies have released new guidelines outlining the criteria for Level 1, 2 and 3 stroke centers. The standards specify requirements for treating a minimum number of stroke patients and performing specific procedures annually.
A rare genetic variant in an intron of the WRB gene, located on chromosome 21, has been identified as a potential contributor to common childhood strabismus. The study involved 1,200 US patients and found that patients with this variant were more likely to have inherited it from their father.
Researchers from the University of Bradford analyzed Anglo Saxon children's milk teeth to identify modern children at risk for conditions like diabetes and heart disease. The study found that teeth provide a more reliable indicator of diet and health than bones, revealing biomarkers for stress in early life.
Scientists have observed a two-step energy transfer from hydrogen ions to plasma waves and then to helium ions in Earth's magnetosphere. The discovery sheds new insights into wave-particle interactions that occur throughout the universe.
The University of Texas at El Paso is leading a national effort to increase the number of Hispanic students participating in computing through a $10 million NSF grant. The initiative aims to have Hispanics comprise 20% of graduates in computing disciplines by 2030.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that rapid weight gain during infancy may be a risk factor for later obesity in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Mothers who experienced pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity were more likely to have a child with overweight or obesity at ages 2-5.
A Massachusetts General Hospital study shows that exercise induces neurogenesis and improves cognition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Exercise mimics the beneficial effects of physical activity on cognitive function by creating a more hospitable brain environment for new neurons to survive.
Scientists at ITMO University have developed a new material using silicon nanoparticles to improve perovskite solar cells' efficiency. The nanoparticles trap light of various wavelengths near the cell's active layer, maintaining stability and increasing absorption. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and stable solar cells.
Computer simulations show that autonomous machines can form prejudicial groups by copying each other's behavior, indicating a non-human phenomenon of discrimination. The findings suggest that AI developments could inadvertently perpetuate prejudice, highlighting the need for awareness and responsible AI design.
A nationwide health claims analysis from Korea found smoking increases dementia risk, while quitting reduces it by up to 32%. Long-term quitters had a 14% lower risk of dementia compared to continual smokers, while never smokers had an 18% reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease.
The new tool developed at UPNA enables accurate estimates of radio propagation in interior environments, facilitating optimal deployment of wireless devices. This is crucial for optimizing data transmission speed, equipment energy consumption, and cost of deployment with the increasing number of wireless devices expected by 2020.
A study of 173 patients who underwent rhinoplasty found that only two refilled their opioid prescriptions, suggesting that pain management may not require as many opioids as previously thought. Facial plastic surgeons are now reducing opioid prescriptions by at least 50% to limit the potential for abuse.
Researchers created a new diagnostic tool using advanced analyses to identify tumors with unknown origins. The tool helped diagnose a metastasis of melanoma residing in the lung, leading to effective treatment with BRAF inhibitors.
A study by Northwestern University researchers explored the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese immigrant women regarding their children's and spouse's involvement in their health and healthcare. The findings suggest opportunities for culturally tailored interventions to improve these women's health outcomes.
Researchers found that migratory ungulates develop and persist migration behaviors through social learning of local knowledge. Reintroduced populations showed better green-surfing ability over time, demonstrating the importance of cultural transmission in these nomadic mammals.
A new study by MIT researchers reveals that using a mix of fuel-saving, flexible, and highly reliable sources is key to building a cost-effective and reliable zero-carbon electricity system. The study found that pairing low-carbon sources with steady carbon-free resources can reduce costs by up to 62% compared to relying on wind, solar...
A synthetic DNA vaccine has been shown to produce broad immune responses against diverse H3N2 viruses, which have led to high morbidity and mortality in recent years. The vaccine was found to be more effective than traditional vaccines in protecting mice from lethal influenza A infection.
A research team at Max Delbrück Center identified tiny huntingtin protein fibers that precede larger deposits in Huntington's disease, enabling prediction of disease onset months in advance. These findings hold promise for diagnosis and potential new treatments by testing pharmaceutical substances against the fibers' harmful activity.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission found heaviest rainfall rates at 1.5 inches per hour around the storm's compact eye. Hurricane-force winds extend up to 25 miles from the center, while tropical-storm-force winds reach 115 miles out.
The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis increased by 52.9% in Brazil between 1990 and 2016, while the disability-adjusted life years increased by 83.6%. Regional variations were observed, with rates rising in the Northeast and Southeast but decreasing in the Northern states.
Researchers developed an imaging signature to detect subclinical cardiac injury in lupus patients, revealing inflammation as the underlying pathophysiological mechanism. The new diagnostic method using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) improves detection and monitoring of heart involvement without radiation or contrast agents.
A recent study found that invasive pine trees significantly increased the severity of the 2017 Knysna wildfires by trebling fuel loads. The study also showed that climate change exacerbated the fire's impact due to a prolonged drought period, and warned that similar conditions will occur again in the future.
Researchers from UPNA won a second-place award at a scientific meeting for their work on modifying the machine learning process with Choquet integral, improving deep neural network performance in classification problems. The collaboration involved researchers from Brazil and institutions in Navarre.
A US housing subsidy program may reduce adolescent girls' binge drinking but worsen boys'. The study analyzed 2829 adolescents and found a harmful effect of treatment on boys' binge drinking. The reasons for the gender difference are unclear, but further research is needed to uncover the exact mechanisms.
A new study found that longer daily fasting times improved health and longevity in male mice, with benefits seen across different diets and calorie consumption levels. The researchers also discovered that extended fasting periods enabled repair and maintenance mechanisms, which may help prevent age-related metabolic disorders.
The study's findings suggest that Chara braunii possesses all the necessary genes for cell division and phytohormone biosynthesis similar to those found in land plants. Additionally, it contains genes encoding Aux/IAA and ARF transcription factors involved in auxin response, which were not present in Klebsormidium nitens.
A study found that common mutations drive the spread of cancer in individual patients, suggesting a key understanding of how cancers metastasize. The research also identified passenger mutations that are less likely to play a critical role in cancer development.
A genetic study reveals that Asian colobine monkeys have a poor sense of taste, particularly in regards to natural sugars. This is attributed to their diet consisting mainly of leaves, which are easily digestible and fibre-rich, rather than energy-rich fruits containing simple sugars.
A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found a high prevalence of sleep apnea among African-Americans, with 95% of cases remaining undiagnosed and untreated. The study suggests that habitual snoring, higher body mass index, and larger neck size are key markers of the disorder.
UC San Diego researchers develop rapid and cost-effective method to create human cortical organoids directly from primary cells. The new protocol enables large-scale production of brain organoids, which can be used to better understand human brain function and develop treatments for neurological disorders.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences have made a breakthrough in binding the highly ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbon Freon 11. They discovered that modified cyclic sugar molecules can effectively adsorb and detect Freon 11, preventing its release into the atmosphere.
Researchers found that conditional release programs often work for individuals found not guilty by reason of insanity, with 66% maintaining their release and only 1 out of 81 having a new non-violent offense. The HCR-20 tool, commonly used to assess violence risk, was also found to be less effective in predicting recidivism.
Researchers from KAUST developed nature-inspired surfaces that decrease frictional drag at the liquid-pipe interface without chemical coatings. The microtextured surfaces, mimicking springtail skins, sustain trapped air for extended periods, reducing surface drag and enhancing oil- and water-repellent properties.
A new €10 million Parkinson's study will implement an integrated care model designed specifically for people with Parkinson's disease across two health hubs in Bath, UK and Nijmegen, Netherlands. The project aims to bridge the gap between fragmented care providers and deliver proactive and integrated care to patients.
The study analyzed the ways children's gender narratives reinforce or disrupt gender inequality, revealing two master narratives that emphasize differences between boys and girls. Alternative narratives, including incongruent and counternarrative types, challenged these dominant stories, with some children explicitly questioning and re...
A recent study presented at the American Heart Association's Joint Hypertension Scientific Sessions found that children with food insecurity are more likely to have high blood pressure. The researchers analyzed data from over 7,000 children and found that nearly one-fifth had food insecurity, while more than 12% had high blood pressure.
A recent study has found that birds develop resistance to bacterial infections, which in turn leads to the evolution of more potent pathogens. This host-pathogen coevolution process plays a key role in shaping species' defenses and highlights the importance of understanding emerging infectious diseases.
The study uses Landsat and Aster satellites to identify ecologically relevant environmental and biotic variation, and machine learning algorithms predict species distributions. The findings provide important information for forest management and conservation in the Peruvian lowland Amazonia.
Tropical Depression Gordon is expected to produce significant rainfall accumulations of 3-7 inches in northwest Mississippi and Arkansas, potentially causing local flooding. The depression is moving west-northwest at 8 mph, with little change in strength forecast over the next 48 hours.
A new influenza drug, baloxavir marboxil, has been shown to significantly shorten the duration of flu symptoms in teens and adults, clearing virus more quickly than placebo. The drug's antiviral potency was found to be similar to that of a five-day course of oseltamivir, but with greater effectiveness and no significant side effects.
Researchers will continue work on the Higgs boson, Standard Model, and hunt for new phenomena in physics. They aim to understand mass as an 'agent of mass,' crucial for fundamental particles like electrons and quarks.
The researchers found that a hormone called cytokinin coordinates the number of stomata in plants, which can be increased or decreased through gene editing technology. This discovery suggests opportunities for engineering plants to adapt to climate change and fine-tunes the process by which plants regulate stomatal development.
Researchers found that jet-air dryers contaminated toilet floors, sinks, and surfaces with bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci. The study suggests that paper towels are a safer alternative for hand drying in hospitals.
A new biomarker panel identified in a large metabolomic study could accelerate autism diagnoses, detecting around 17 percent of children with ASD. The panel analyzes amino acid metabolism and shows promise for developing an ASD biomarker test.
Researchers have synthesized a phosphonium polymer that exhibits extraordinary antibacterial activity despite lacking hydrophobic alkyl chains. The polymer's hydrophilic nature and balanced display of positive charges played a crucial role in its effectiveness.
A new study analyzing 76 untreated metastases from 20 patients found that different metastatic lesions share the same driver gene mutations. The findings suggest that a biopsy of a single metastatic lesion could provide sufficient information for treatment decisions.
A study led by Professor Matthias Selbach found that minute changes in Glut1 protein structure can lead to severe cellular disturbances, causing genetic disorders. The research identified a mechanism where flexible regions of proteins interact with other molecules, disrupting cellular processes and leading to disease.
A pilot project found that telehealth videoconferencing increased awareness of antibiotic stewardship principles and helped facilities implement more than two-thirds of recommendations. This study demonstrates how technology can provide access to expert knowledge and practices for smaller facilities.
Researchers discovered that people tend to forget passwords less frequently when they are used more often, according to a Rutgers University-led study. The study's findings suggest that password systems could be designed to encourage users to log in regularly, improving password retention.
A recent study from Prof. Gaiti Hasan's lab has identified the FMRFa receptor as a crucial molecule in sustaining flight in fruit flies for long periods of time. The receptor is part of a class of proteins known as GPCRs, which help convert extracellular messages into cellular responses.
The Doris Duke Charitable Foundation has awarded a grant to the Critical Path Institute (C-Path) to accelerate the development of therapies for sickle cell disease. C-Path will plan a consortium of stakeholders to identify and work collaboratively on jointly beneficial drug development tools and novel methodologies.
A team of scientists found that big game animals like bighorn sheep and moose learn to migrate by passing cultural knowledge across generations. The researchers used GPS tracking data to show that translocated animals took decades to learn how to navigate their new habitats, and those that did became more likely to migrate.
A study by UCLA researchers found that California's minority population contributes to the state's relatively low death rate, despite high poverty and lack of insurance rates. The state's death rate from all causes was 619.1 per 100,000 population in 2016, lower than the national average.